Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan 朱權 | |||||||||
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Prince of Ning | |||||||||
Reign | 1391–1448 | ||||||||
Successor | Zhu Dianpei, Prince Jing | ||||||||
Born | 27 May 1378 | ||||||||
Died | 12 October 1448 | (aged 70)||||||||
Burial | |||||||||
Issue |
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Father | Hongwu Emperor | ||||||||
Mother | Imperial Concubine Yang | ||||||||
Occupation | Historian, military commander, musician, playwright |
Zhu Quan (
Other names
In addition to Prince of Ning, Zhu Quan was also known as the Strange Scholar of the Great Ming (大明奇士, Da Ming Qi Shi). As part of his
Biography
Zhu Quan was initially a military commander in service to his father, the Hongwu Emperor who founded the Ming dynasty. He was granted the frontier fief of Ning with his capital at Daning in present-day Chifeng, Inner Mongolia in 1391. He was famous for his mastery of art and war and played an important role during the unrest surrounding the ascension of his teenage nephew, Jianwen Emperor, in 1399.
Under the advice of his
From that point, Zhu Quan assisted his brother in his uprising, with the History of Ming recording that the Prince of Yan offered to split the entire empire between them. After his elevation as the Yongle Emperor in 1402, however, he swiftly reneged and refused to appoint his brother to lordship over Suzhou or Qiantang, instead giving him a choice only of backwater appointments. He settled upon Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi. After a scare where he was accused of practicing wugu sorcery,[4] Zhu Quan essentially retired from any interference with the realm, devoting his time instead to cultural pursuits.[3]
Meeting daily with local or visiting scholars ang Taoists, he
Zhu Quan is an important figure in the history of the Chinese zither, or guqin, for his compilation of the important Manual of the Mysterious and Marvellous (神奇秘谱, Shénqí Mì Pǔ) in 1425. This is the earliest known large scale collection of qin scores to have survived to the present day.
Family
Consort:
- Lady Zhang (張氏), Commander of the Wardens Zhang Tai's (兵馬指揮 張泰) daughter, died before his own death.
Sons:
- Zhu Panshi (朱盤烒; 16 October 1395 – 23 February 1437), Hereditary Prince of Ning (寧世子), first son[a]
- Married Commander of the East City Wardens Yu Sheng's (東城兵馬指揮 俞盛) daughter as Hereditary Princess of Ning (寧世子妃) in March 1417
- Second son, died young
- Zhu Panye (朱盤燁), third son[b]
- Married Deputy Commander of the North City Wardens Huang Fu's (北城兵馬副指揮 黃福) daughter (d. January 1440) in August 1426, later married Company Commander Wang Xing's (百戶 王興) daughter in May 1455.
- Zhu Panyao (朱盤烑; October 1414 – July 1492), Prince Anjian of Yichun (宜春安簡王), fourth son[c]
- Married Jinwu Rear Guard Commander Liu Xun's (金吾後衛指揮 劉勛) daughter in October 1430
- Zhu Panzhu (朱盤炷; October 1419 – 1459), Prince Anxi of Xinchang (新昌安僖王), fifth son[d]
- Married Xiaoling Guard Commander Ge Tan's (孝陵衛指揮使 葛覃) daughter in March 1437
- Zhu Panmou (朱盤㷬; 1420 – January 1439), Prince Daohui of Xinfeng (信豐悼惠王), sixth son[e]
Daughters:
- Princess Yongxin (永新郡主), first daughter[f]
- Married Jinxiang Guard Drafter Gao Heling (金鄉衛舍人 高鶴齡)
- Princess Yushan (玉山郡主), second daughter[g]
- Married Chief Commissioner Drafter Fang Jingxiang (都督舍人 方景祥)
- Princess Qingjiang (清江郡主), third daughter[h]
- Married Xi'ning Guard Commander Chen Tong's (西寧衛指揮 陳通) younger brother Chen Yi (陳逸)
- Princess Fengxin (奉新郡主), fourth daughter[i]
- Married Wang Shuang (王爽)
- Princess Jinxi (金溪郡主; d. August 1449), fifth daughter[j]
- Married the Right Army Commissioner Han Guan's (右軍都督 韓觀) younger brother Han Fu (韓輔)
- Princess Taihe (泰和郡主), sixth daughter[k]
- Married Wang Yencheng of Poyang County's (鄱陽縣 汪彥誠) son Wang Zhanran (汪湛然)
- Princess Pengze (彭澤郡主), seventh daughter[l]
- Married Longxiang Guard Commander Wang Gang's (龍驤衛指揮 王剛) nephew Wang Zhi (王質)
- Princess Luling (廬陵郡主), eighth daughter[m]
- Married Qizhou Guard Commander Tian Sheng's (蘄州衛指揮 田晟) younger brother Tian Yu (田昱)
- Princess Xinyu (新喻郡主), ninth daughter[n]
- Married Ganzhou Prefecture Record Keeper Hu Yu's (贛州府照磨 胡羽) son Hu Guangji (胡光霽)
- Princess Xincheng (新城郡主), tenth daughter[o]
- Married Regent (Liushou) Central Guard Commander Li Jun's (留守中衛指揮 李俊) son Li Huan (李瓛)
- Princess Fuliang (浮梁郡主), 11th daughter[p]
- Twelfth daughter, died young, no title
- Princess Nanfeng (南豐郡主), 13th daughter[q]
- Married Jiangxi Military Commissioner Zhang Xiang's (江西都指揮 張祥) son Zhang Wen (張雯)
- Princess Yongfeng (永豊郡主), 14th daughter[r]
Descendants
Zhu Quan's descendant,
See also
- Tea Classics
- Guqin
Notes
- ^ He was made Hereditary Prince of Ning in May 1404 and initially posthumously honored as Hereditary Prince Zhuanghui (莊惠世子) in 1437, later being honored as Prince Hui of Ning (寧惠王) in 1449.
- ^ He was originally made Prince Kangxi of Linchuan (臨川康僖王), but was later demoted to commoner rank in 1461.
- ^ He was made Prince Anjian of Yichun in August 1428. His mother was Lady Wang (王氏).
- ^ He was made Prince Anxi of Xinchang in October 1430, but his title was later abolished due to his not having a son. However, he had a daughter, Princess Nankang (南康縣主).
- ^ He was made Prince Daohui of Xinfeng in October 1432, but his title was later abolished due to his not having a son. His mother was Lady You (尤氏).
- ^ She was made Princess Yongxin in July 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Yushan in July 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Qingjiang in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Fengxin on 2 March 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Jinxi in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Taihe in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Pengze in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Luling in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Xinyu in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Xincheng in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Fuliang in July 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Nanfeng in February 1427.
- ^ She was made Princess Yongfeng in June 1438.
References
- ^ http://www.history.ubc.ca/sites/default/files/documents/readings/robinson_culture_courtiers_ch.8.pdf p. 398
- ^ ISBN 9780199767687. Accessed 14 Oct 2012.
- ^ a b c d "Zhu Quan". History of Ming, Folio 117, p.14a. Taiwan ed, p. 3591. Accessed 14 Oct 2012.
- ^ A kind of Chinese black magic where poisonous insects were kept together in a small container until only the deadliest was left. The last surviving insect was then burned and used in the preparation of a potion.