Zoltán Kodály
Zoltán Kodály | |
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Zoltán Kodály (
Life
Born in Kecskemét, Hungary, Kodály learned to play the violin as a child. In 1900, he entered the Department of Languages at the University of Budapest and at the same time Hans von Kössler's composition class at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music. After completing his studies, he studied in Paris with Charles Widor for a year.[3]
In 1905 he visited remote villages to collect songs, recording them on
All these works[
Kodály's first wife was Emma Gruber (née Schlesinger, later Sándor), the dedicatee of
In 1966, Kodály toured the United States and gave a special lecture at Stanford University, where some of his music was performed in his presence.[6]
Kodály methodology of musical education
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Throughout his adult life, Kodály was very interested in the problems of many types of music education, and he wrote a large amount of material on teaching methods as well as composing plenty of music intended for children's use. Beginning in 1935, along with his colleague Jenő Ádám (14 years his junior), he embarked on a long-term project to reform music teaching in Hungary's lower and middle schools. His work resulted in the publication of several highly influential books.
The goals of the Kodály method can summarized into the following points:[7]
- Music is for everyone.
- Music teaching should be sequential and begin with the child in mind.
- Kids should be taught music from an early age.
- The sequence should be logical and follow the same process children learn language.
- Music classes should be enjoyable engaging.
- Singing is the first and most valuable tool for learning musical concepts.
- Teachers should pull from quality folk song materials in the "mother tongue" of the students.
The Hungarian music education program that developed in the 1940s became the basis for the
In the motion picture Close Encounters of the Third Kind, a visual learning aid distributed to members of a conference of ufologists was named the Kodály Method and referenced musical notes as hand signals.
Legacy and memorials
The city of
At one point during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the Workers Councils proposed to form a government with Kodály as president "because of his great national and international reputation."[9]
Selected works
- Stage works
- Háry János, Op. 15 (1926)
- Székelyfonó (The Spinning Room) (1924–1932)
- Orchestral
- Idyll Summer Evening (1906, revised 1929)
- Háry János Suite (1926)
- Dances of Marosszék (1929; orchestration of the 1927 piano set)
- Theatre Overture (1931) (originally intended for Háry János)
- Dances of Galánta (1933)
- Variations on a Hungarian folk song (Fölszállott a páva, or The Peacock Roared, 1939)
- Concerto for Orchestra (1940)
- Symphony in memoriam Toscanini (1961)
- Chamber or instrumental
- Adagio for Violin (or Viola or Cello) and Piano (1905)
- Intermezzo for String Trio (1905)
- Seven Pieces for Piano, Op. 11 (1918)
- String Quartet No. 1 in C minor, Op. 2 (1909)
- Cello Sonata, Op. 4 (1910)
- Duo for Violin and Cello, Op. 7 (1914)
- Sonata for Solo Cello, Op. 8 (1915)
- String Quartet No. 2, Op. 10 (1916–1918)
- Szerenád (Serenade) for 2 Violins and Viola, Op. 12 (1920)
- Marosszéki táncok (Dances of Marosszék, piano, 1927)
- Organ Prelude Pange lingua (1931)
- Organoeida ad missam lectam (Csendes mise, organ, 1944)
- Epigrammak (1954)
- Choral
- Este (Evening) (1904)
- Psalmus Hungaricus, Op. 13 (1923)
- Mátrai képek (Mátra Pictures) for choir a cappella (1931)
- Jézus és a kufárok (Jesus and the Traders) for choir a cap (1934)
- Ének Szent István királyhoz (Hymn to St Stephen) (1938)
- Te Deum for Buda Castle (1936)
- Te Deum of Sándor Sík for choir a cappella (1961)
- Missa brevis for choir and Organ (1942, orchestrated 1948)
- Laudes organi for choir and Organ (1966)
- Adventi ének (Veni, veni, Emmanuel) for choir a cappella
- Organ
- Introitus - Kyrie
- Gloria
- Credo
- Sanctus
- Benedictus
- Agnus Dei
- Ite missa est
- 114. Genfi zsoltár
- Pangue lingua
- Laudes Organi
See also
- Solfège, a music education method used to teach pitch and sight singing
References
- ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
- ISBN 978-0-521-15255-6.
- ^ "Zoltán Kodály (Composer, Arranger)". Retrieved July 22, 2022.
- ISBN 978-0253109286.
- ISBN 978-0-385-14278-6.
- ^ "Kodály Center for Music Education :: The Kodály Philosophy".
- ^ "The Kodály Concept – Organization of American Kodaly Educators". www.oake.org. Retrieved 2023-02-07.
- ^ "Kodály Statue – Pécs". www.iranypecs.hu. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ISBN 0935590056.
Further reading
- Breuer, János (1990) A Guide to Kodály. Budapest: Corvina Books
- Eösze, László, Micheál Houlahan, and Philip Tacka), "Zoltán Kodály (1882–1967)". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Volume 13. Ed. Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan Publishers, 2002. pp. 716–26
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály Today: A Cognitive Approach to Elementary Music Education. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008, 2015), 644p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Kindergarten: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 576p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the First Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 264p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Second Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 296p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Third Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 328p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Fourth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 344p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Fifth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 376p.
- Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka From Sound to Symbol: Fundamentals of Music. Second edition including an audio CD and interactive Skill Development DVD and web-based supplementary materials for eleven chapters. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009, 2011), 489p.
- Folk Music of Hungary, New York: Praeger, 1971
- Lendvai, Ernő (1983) The Workshop of Bartók and Kodály. Budapest: Editio Musica Budapest
External links
- The American Folk Song Collection – The Kodály Center at Holy Names University
- The Kodály Institute, which educates musicians according to Kodály's practice
- International Kodály Society
- The Organization of American Kodály Educators
- The Kodály Music Education Institute of Australia
- The British Kodály Academy (Registered Charity)
- Zoltán Kodály at Find a Grave
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| People | |
| Other | |
- 1882 births
- 1967 deaths
- 20th-century classical composers
- 20th-century conductors (music)
- 20th-century linguists
- 20th-century Hungarian male musicians
- 20th-century musicologists
- Béla Bartók
- Burials at Farkasréti Cemetery
- Catholic liturgical composers
- Classical composers of church music
- Franz Liszt Academy of Music alumni
- Academic staff of the Franz Liszt Academy of Music
- Herder Prize recipients
- Hungarian classical composers
- Hungarian classical musicians
- Hungarian conductors (music)
- Hungarian ethnomusicologists
- Hungarian folk-song collectors
- Hungarian male classical composers
- Hungarian music educators
- Hungarian opera composers
- Linguists from Hungary
- Male conductors (music)
- Male opera composers
- Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1945–1947)
- People from Kecskemét
- Pupils of Hans von Koessler
- Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists