Zug
Zug | |
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Coat of arms | |
Unterägeri | |
Twin towns | Fürstenfeld (Austria), Kalesija (Bosnia-Herzegowina), Vișeu de Sus (Romania) |
Website | stadtzug SFSO statistics |
Zug (Standard German: [tsuːk] ⓘ, Alemannic German: [tsuːɡ̊]; French: Zoug; Italian: Zugo; Romansh: Zug; Neo-Latin: Tugium)[Note 1] is the largest town and capital of the Swiss canton of Zug. Its name, translating from German as "pull" or "tug", originates from the fishing vocabulary; in the Middle Ages it referred to the right to pull up fishing nets and hence to the right to fish.
The municipality had a total population of 30,934 in 31 December 2020.
History
Prehistory
The oldest evidence of humans in the area trace back to 14,000 BC. There have been Paleolithic finds on the north bank of
Kyburg foundation
In around AD 600, Alemannic families and tribes migrated to the area of present-day canton Zug. The name Blickensdorf, and place names with '-ikon' endings, prove this as the first Alemannic living space.[
In the course of the high medieval town construction, the settlement of Zug also received a town wall at some point after 1200. The town founders were probably the counts of
Joining the Swiss Confederation
On 27 June 1352, both the town of Zug and the Aeusser Amt entered the
The alliance of the four forest cantons of
Simultaneously, Zug expanded its territory, acquiring a number of rural areas in the form of bailiwicks (
. This problematic dualism dominated until 1798, i.e. until the end of the old confederation, the political structure of the Canton Zug. The unifying element of this miniature confederation was, among others, the rural municipalities and the forty-member city council.Growth of the town
In 1385, Zug joined the league of the Swabian cities against
In 1478, the building of a larger town wall began, which increased the town area six-fold – the same year as the building of the late gothic St. Oswald Church began. The building master of the new town wall was Hans Felder from Bavarian Swabia. The ground plan of the town wall is indicative of an ideal symmetric plan of the Renaissance period – something very rare at that time. The overall urban planning implemented in the small town of Zug was modern for its time.
The Reformation and early modern era
During the turmoil of the Reformation, Zug remained on the Catholic side of central Switzerland and retained the old faith. Warring religious confederates fought at Kappel am Albis (1531) and at Gubel in Menzingen. Its location on the edge of central Switzerland made Zug a confessional border town. During the Reformation, Zug clung to the old faith and was a member of the Christliche Vereinigung of 1529. In 1586, it became a member of the Golden League.[4]
The period up until 1798 was marked by internal political rivalries and turbulence. The invasion of the French troops marked the end of the old order, and with the Helvetic order came a radical political change. Zug became part of the canton Waldstätten, and the cantonal capital for a short time. After a 50-year struggle between federalism and centralism, between confederation and central state, between conservative and liberal-radical vision, in 1848, today's federal government of Switzerland emerged. Zug was given its current cantonal structure, consisting of eleven local municipalities.
Industrialisation and internationalisation
Until well into the 19th century, Zug consisted of agricultural land. Actual industrialization began with the entrepreneur Wolfgang Henggeler, who in 1834 built a cotton mill in Unterägeri. This was followed by the two companies in Neuägeri and Baar. In 1866, the American George Ham Page founded the first European condensed milk factory in Cham, which later merged with Nestlé. Industry in Zug was dominated by the company Landis+Gyr, founded in 1896, and now owned by Toshiba. The connection to the Swiss railway network in 1864 was important, as was the connection of mountain and valley with an electric tram at the beginning of the 20th century.
In the second half of the century, dynamic expansion took place and Zug became a national and international financial and trading centre, aided by its proximity to Zürich, and by an attractive tax policy. In parallel, large industrial and commercial zones evolved; employment increased rapidly; the population rose sharply, and the building boom skyrocketed. Canton Zug catapulted itself into being at the top of the financially strong cantons. And the town today has become, as the British Guardian once wrote, 'a compass of the global economy'.
Today
Zug is a low tax region and is headquarters for a number of multinational enterprises. The Expat City Ranking in 2019, based on a study of more than 20,000 respondents, rated the quality of life in Zug highest among all cities in the survey.[5] The town's best-known agricultural product is Kirsch.
On 27 September 2001, an angry, unstable gunman,
Geography
Topography
Zug has an area (as of the 2004 survey) of 21.63 km2 (8.35 sq mi).[7] Of this area, about 33.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 37.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 26.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 2.5% is unproductive land. In the 2004 survey a total of 353 ha (870 acres) or about 16.3% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 60 ha (150 acres) over the 1982 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by 8 ha (20 acres) and is now about 2.53% of the total area. Of the agricultural land, 54 ha (130 acres) is used for orchards and vineyards, 651 ha (1,610 acres) is fields and grasslands and 39 ha (96 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1982 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by 74 ha (180 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 2 ha (4.9 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 20 ha (49 acres) in the municipality.[8][9]
Climate
Climate data for Zug | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5 (41) |
5 (41) |
10 (50) |
14 (57) |
17 (63) |
20 (68) |
23 (73) |
23 (73) |
19 (66) |
16 (61) |
10 (50) |
5 (41) |
14 (57) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2 (28) |
−2 (28) |
0 (32) |
3 (37) |
6 (43) |
9 (48) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
9 (48) |
6 (43) |
2 (36) |
−1 (30) |
5 (40) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.3 | 11.5 | 13 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 11.5 | 13.1 | 135.9 |
Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm) | 4.1 | 4.2 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 15.8 |
Source: Meteoblue[10] |
See also climate of Lucerne and Zürich.
Weather
Zug has an average of 136.1 days of rain per year and on average receives 1,224 mm (48.2 in) of
Politics
Government
The City Council (Stadtrat) constitutes the
City Councilor (Stadtrat/-rätin) |
Party | Head of Department (Vorsteher, since) of | elected since |
---|---|---|---|
Karl Kobelt[SR 1] | FDP | Mayor's Office (Präsidialdepartement, 2019) | 2013 |
André Wicky | SVP | Finance (Finanzdepartement, 2019) | 2013 |
Vroni Straub-Müller[SR 2] | CSP | Education (Bildungsdepartement, 2011) | 2010 |
Eliane Birchmeier | FDP | Engineering (Baudepertement, 2019) | 2018 |
Urs Raschle | CVP | Social Welfare, Environment, and Security (Departement Soziales, Umwelt und Sicherheit (SUS), 2015) | 2014 |
Martin Würmli is Town Chronicler (Stadtschreiber) since 2014 and presides the Town Office (Stadtkanzlei). He has been elected by the collegiate.
Parliament
Federal elections
National Council
In the
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
After World War II, Zug helped the town of Fürstenfeld, Styria in Austria. In 1986 they decided to become sister cities.[15]
- Fürstenfeld, Styria in Austria, 1986
- Bosnia-Herzegowina, 2008
Demographics
Zug has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 30,934.[3] As of 2014[update], 31.7% of which are foreign nationals.[16] Over the last 10 years [when?] the population has grown at a rate of 11.4%. Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (81.8%), with Italian being second most common (3.8%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (3.2%).[17]
In Zug about 76% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[17]
Zug has an unemployment rate of 2.28%. As of 2005[update], there were 172 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 51 businesses involved in this sector. 5,821 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 269 businesses in this sector. 21,445 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 3,205 businesses in this sector.[17]
Sport
Zug is known as a hockey town in Switzerland. The town's main team is EV Zug, which plays in the National League (NL). They play their home games in the 7,200-seat Bossard Arena. Their affiliate team, the EV Zug Academy, competes in the Swiss League (SL) and their home games are either held in the 7,200-seat Bossard Arena or in the 1,500-seat Academy Arena. EV Zug II plays in the Second Regio League, the fifth highest league in Switzerland. Their home games are held in the Academy Arena. HC Zugerland plays in the Third Regio League, the sixth highest league in Switzerland. The team plays its home games in the Bossard Arena. Zug also has numerous junior teams that compete in the different junior leagues of Switzerland.
There are also an amateur association football team, Zug 94, which was formed in 1994 and two amateur Rugby Teams, the Rugby Club Zug, which has a junior team, The Saints Rugby School and the Rugby Bombers Zug, which was founded by former members of the Rugby Club Zug. Additionally there is an amateur floorball team, Zug United. Zug has a rowing club See-Club Zug, which is repeatedly the highest ranked rowing club in Switzerland.[18]
Economy
As of 2012[update], there were a total of 40,166 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 142 people worked in 42 businesses in the primary economic sector. The secondary sector employed 5,939 workers in 351 separate businesses. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 34,085 jobs in 6,592 businesses. In 2013 a total of 15.3% of the population received social assistance.[19]
Since 2016, Zug has accepted digital currency, first for small payments of municipal fees up to CH200. To reduce risk, Zug immediately converts any cryptocurrency received into Swiss francs. This is part of a strategy to associate Zug with new technologies.[20][21] Zug is a popular location for incorporation of companies, such as Siemens Building Technologies, and Nord Stream AG. Zug has also been referred to as Crypto Valley because of the large number of companies engaged in cryptocurrency in the city. These include Ethereum, Cardano, Polkadot and Bitcoin Suisse.[20] By 2018, a Crypto Valley Association had been formed, with Oliver Bussmann as its president.[22]
Culture
Situation
The lake shore has been embanked and forms a promenade, from which views of the
The older part of the town is rather crowded together, though only four of the wall towers and a small part of the town walls still survive.
The most striking old building in the town is the parish church of St Oswald (late 15th century), dedicated to
The business quarter is on the rising ground north of the old town, near the railway station. Several fine modern buildings rise on or close to the shore in the town and to its south, whilst to the southwest is a convent of Capuchin nuns, who manage a large girls' school and several other educational establishments.
The Museum of Prehistory Zug houses an important collection of archaeological remains, especially from the late
Museums
There are three museums in the town: the Museum of Prehistory, which displays archaeological finds from Canton Zug; the castle houses the Museum of Cultural History of the town and Canton Zug, and the Zug Art Gallery attracts visitors with its exhibitions.[23] Several municipalities also have their own local museum. The Casino Theatre in Zug and the Zug Burgbachkeller, along with the Chollerhalle cultural center, are the most famous establishments. The event centers in Baar, Cham and Rotkreuz and the Zug youth scene (Galvanik, Podium Industrie 45) enrich the range of cultural events.
Zug is surrounded with mountains, rivers and lakes including the mountains Zugerberg and the Walchwilerberg Oberallmig, the Höhronen and the river Sihl. The Choller nature reserve is also near Lake Zug.
Sights within the town include the late Gothic church of St. Wolfgang, near Hühnenberg, or St. Oswald in Zug, the old town of Zug with the Town Hall and the Zytturm (clock tower), the Huwiler Tower, the Zurlaubenhof, feudal estate of the family Zurlauben, on the outskirts of the town.
Zug's culture also includes the famous Zuger cherry liqueur cake. Local specialties, in addition to the cherry and the cherry liqueur cake, include the Zug 'Rötel', a fine lake charfish, found on many menus.[24]
The IG Culture Zug society, an umbrella organization of museums, theaters, orchestras and other cultural organizations, was founded in Zug in 1995. The society publishes calendars and a magazine of cultural events in the canton. In 2019 it had 167 members.[25]
Heritage sites
There are a number of Swiss
The prehistoric settlements at Oterswil/Insel Eielen, Riedmatt and Sumpf are part of the
Education
The Zug education system is based on equal abilities and includes compulsory primary and secondary school, with optional secondary education and vocational training. Two thirds of young people go into vocational education, connected to an apprenticeship, joining the professional world after the 9th grade of secondary school. The international business community of Zug offers many and varied apprenticeships along with the Zug technical and industrial college, GIBZ, and the business college, KBZ, provide the academic knowledge and skills.
Zug has a long tradition of education. Private schools, like the Montana Institute Zug, on Zugerberg, International School of Zug or Lucerne (ISZL), or the Dr. Pfister Institute AG, Oberägeri supplement the range available. In addition, there are the three former non-state teacher training colleges in Menzingen, Holy Cross in Cham and St. Michael in Zug.
Tertiary education
Canton Zug has two high schools: the Canton High School in the town of Zug, and the Cantonal School in Menzingen. Also at higher secondary level, is the Vocational School Zug and the Business Studies School, incorporated within the Canton School. Zug is one of the university cantons, with, on the one hand, the University of Teacher Training, PHZ Zug, on the other, a polytechnic for financial services.
There are also six technical colleges (for business, computer science, engineering design, naturopathy and homeopathy, child education, and rescue services).
in 2022 the European Institute of Management and Technology (EIMT) has been duly established in the Canton of Zug, Switzerland as a Business, Management and Technology Tertiary education school offering bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees, through online, onsite or hybrid mediums and through other schools worldwide under the aegis of the laws, regulations and authorities of Switzerland. The European Institute of Management and Technology has been granted Accreditation for two years by the Diplomatic Research and Policy Foundation (DRPF). Diplomatic Research and Policy Foundation is a prestigious Intergovernmental Organization a Government recognized Accreditation Agency founded by Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Macedonia and Ministry of Diaspora, Republic of Albania. The same s now graced by the presence of Ministry of Labour and Social Service, Government of Kosovo.
International Schools
The range of educational institutions is a key factor for location in the globalized world of competition, especially for foreign employees, the so-called 'Expats'. The four international schools have been developed accordingly, and report a high student intake.
Transportation
Zug acts as an important transportation node.
An extensive bus network within the town and canton is provided by ZVB Zugerland Verkehrsbetriebe.[28]
The
network). The network consisted of the following lines:- Luzern) (also S1 of the Lucerne S-Bahn)
- S2: Baar Lindenpark–Zug–Walchwil–Arth-Goldau–(Erstfeld)
Zug is also at the end of Zürich S-Bahn suburban railway network, on lines S5 and S24.
The
The
Water transportation on Lake Zug is centred on the town, with public transport on the lake provided by (Motor Ship) MS Zug, MS Schwyz, MS Rigi and MS Schwan. These vessels belong to the Zugersee Schifffahrt, a partner of the local public transport executive, ZVB Zugerland Verkehrsbetriebe.
Notable people
- Johannes Brandenberg (1660–1729), a painter of pastoral subjects, historical pictures and battle-pieces
- Béat Fidèle Antoine Jean Dominique de La Tour-Châtillon de Zurlauben (1720–1799) soldier in the French army and Swiss historian
- Henric Trenk (1818–1892), a Romanian painter and graphic artist of Romantic landscapes
- Walo Lüönd (1927–2012), a movie actor[29]
- Marc Rich (1934–2013), controversial businessman, founded Glencore (the largest company in Switzerland) and funded the early-growth of Kanton Zug.
- Friedrich Leibacher (1944–2001), a mass murderer in the Zug massacre
- Carl Rütti (born 1949), a notable composer who writes choral music
- Swiss Federal Council, became President of the Swiss Confederation in 2015
- Roland Dahinden (born 1962), a trombonist and composer
- Severin Hacker (born 1984), a computer scientist, co-founded Duolingo
- Max Husmann, (1888–1965), Swiss peacemaker (Operation Sunrise), educator and founder of Institut Montana Zugerberg
- Mirjam Indermaur (born 1967), Swiss businesswoman and writer
- Andreas Blum (1938–2024), actor and radio journalist
- Sport
- Georges Stuber (1925–2006), a football goalkeeper who played 14 times for Switzerland
- Karl Fridlin (born 1935), a former swimmer, competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics
- Fritz Schmid (born 1959), a football coach, currently the manager of the New Zealand men's national football team
- Lionel Donato (born 1964), Swiss former professional footballer
- Swiss national ice hockey team
- Nadia Styger (born 1978), a former World Cup alpine ski racer.
- Christoph Schmid (born 1982), a sport shooter, competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics
- Sibylle Scherer (born 1992), a handballer who plays for LK Zug and the Switzerland national team
Notes and references
Notes
- ^ Named in the 16th century.
References
- ^ a b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
- ^ Error: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
- ^ a b "Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit". bfs.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d Coolidge 1911, p. 1048.
- ^ Sibold, Laura. "Die Stadt Zug ist bei Expats besonders beliebt" (in German). Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ Untersuchungsrichterlicher Schlußbericht Archived 6 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine (German)
- ^ Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
- ^ "Arealstatistik Land Use - Gemeinden nach 10 Klassen". Swiss Federal Statistical Office. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
- ^ Regionalporträts 2017: Swiss Federal Statistical Office (in German) accessed 18 May 2017
- ^ "Klima Zug". Basel (Oder), Switzerland: Meteoblue. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- above sea level.
- ^ a b "Stadtrat" (official site) (in German). Zug, Switzerland: Town Zug. 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ^ "Stadt Zug" (in German). Kanzlei, Kanton Zug. 7 October 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Nationalratswahlen 2015: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung nach Gemeinden Archived 2 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 18 July 2016
- ^ "Fürstenfeld - die Schwesterstadt von Zug" (in German). Zug, Switzerland: Town Zug. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in den Zuger Gemeinden, 2010-2014, nach Staatsangehörigkeit" (XLS) (statistics) (in German). Fachstelle für Statistik, Amt für Raumplanung, Kanton Zug. 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ a b c Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 22-Sep-2009
- ^ "See-Club Zug".
- ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Regional portraits accessed 2 May 2016
- ^ a b Uhlig/jse, Christian (1 July 2016). "Alpine 'Crypto Valley' pays with Bitcoins". DW Finance. Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
- ^ Ritter, Johannes (19 February 2021). "Schweizer kömmen im Kanton Zug jetzt Steurn in Bitcoin zahlen" [The Swiss can now pay taxes in Bitcoin in the canton of Zug]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German).
- ^ Arnold, Martin; Atkins, Ralph (12 February 2018). "European banks break ranks over cryptocurrencies". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Online Casino Schweiz legal Liste bester Seiten im Test 2022 🏆". foreignbanks.ch.
- ^ "Zug Tourism". Archived from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
- ^ "Verein – Zug Kultur". Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ^ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Archived 1 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine 21.11.2008 version, (in German) accessed 22-Sep-2009
- ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps". UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
- ^ "Zugerland Verkehrsbetriebe". Zug Town. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ "Schauspieler Walo Lüönd gestorben". Luzerner Zeitung.
Bibliography
- Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort (1911). "Zug". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press – via Internet Archive.
External links
- Official website (in German)
- ZVB Zugerland Verkehrsbetriebe