Zuleykha Seyidmammadova
Zuleykha Seyidmammadova Züleyxa Seyidməmmədova | |
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Born | 22 March 1919 Baku, Azerbaijan DR |
Died | 10 November 1994 (aged 75) Baku, Azerbaijan |
Allegiance | Soviet Union |
Service/ | Soviet Air Force |
Years of service | 1941–1945 |
Rank | Captain |
Unit | 586th Fighter Aviation Regiment |
Battles/wars | Eastern Front of World War II
|
Awards | Order of Lenin |
Zuleykha Seyidmammadova (Azerbaijani: Züleyxa Mirhəbib qızı Seyidməmmədova, Russian: Зулейха Мир-Габиб кызы Сеидмамедова; 22 March 1919 – 1994) was one of the first Azerbaijani female pilots, and the first Azerbaijani woman to fly in combat.[1]
Seyidmammadova was born in Baku on 22 March 1919.[2] She gained her pilot's license in 1935 at a flying club in her hometown, and later at the aviation academy in Zhukovsky near Moscow. In 1938 she became qualified as a petrochemical engineer but chose to pursue aviation as her main career.[3]
During World War II, she was the regimental navigator of the 586th Fighter Aviation Regiment, one of the three women's military aviation regiments founded by Marina Raskova. Throughout the war, she fought in over 40 aerial battles and carried out over 500 missions.[4] During the war, she would inform the commissar as well as Tamara Kazarinova, the commander of her regiment, about the pilots' attitudes toward their leadership.[5]
After the war, she was demobilized and in 1952 she became the Minister of Social Security of the
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Obituary |
Biography
Early years
Zuleykha Seyidmammadova was born on March 22, 1919, in
Zuleykha was a teacher at school number 16, and her parents wanted her to get a higher education and become an oil engineer.[9]
Her interest in heights arose from childhood. In her memories, Seyidmammadova explained her desire for the sky and the reason for her aspiration for greatness as follows:
"I loved the height. Every summer, together with our family, we moved outside the city to our garden in the village of Shuvelan. There were fig and mulberry trees here. I would choose the highest one and climb on top of it. I liked to look down on the flat roofs of the houses, the gardens, the vineyards, the sea with white pebbles on the shore..."
This dream of her is determined during her school years. Thus, when Zuleykha was studying in the 7th grade, the physics teacher Jumshud Efendiyev took them on an excursion to the Baku airport. Zuleykha gets on the plane several times with the boys in the class, looks at everything carefully, and asks countless questions. When she returned home in the evening, she enthusiastically told her mother Mina about this excursion: "I will become a pilot!" she says.[9]
Higher Education
Zuleikha Seyidmammadova, who graduated from high school with excellent grades in 1934, entered the mining faculty of the
In May 1935, several students try out a parachute jump.[12] Zuleikha, a thin, skinny, black-haired girl, jumps out of a plane with a parachute and the wind throws her into the sea.[12] According to what was said, Mir Jafar Baghirov, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan, was among those who watched her jump and expressed his surprise at Zuleykha's courage.[9]
In August 1935, the First All-Union meeting of Paratroopers was held in
On January 21, 1936, a ceremonial reception was held in the Kremlin in connection with the fifteenth anniversary of the establishment of Soviet power in Azerbaijan, and Komsomol member Zuleykha Seyidmammadova was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor[14] and a gold watch.[12][15]
Returning to Baku, Zuleykha finished special courses at the flight club and received the title of pilot instructor. A group of
After graduating from the institute as an engineer-geologist in 1938,[14] she applied to the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy to become a professional pilot, but the academy, which accepted only men, rejected her.[10] She goes to meet Mir Jafar Bagirov with her father's advice.[17] Based on Zuleikha's request, who was remembered by Bagirov as a "girl thrown into the sea by the wind", the Central Committee officially sends a letter to Moscow for her admission to the academy.[10]
In August 1938, Zuleikha Seyidmammadova was the only girl among those admitted to the navigation faculty of the academy after taking the test exams.[18] Seyidmammadova was also the first Azerbaijani to be admitted to the Zhukovsky Air Force Academy.[19]
Züleykha, who was studying at the academy at the moment, was shocked by sudden news one day. The dean of the faculty called her to his office and informed her that her father was arrested as a spy, and if they confirm this information from Baku, she will be removed from the academy.[20] Zuleykha turns to Baghirov again as her last hope in the face of this news. She sends a telegram to Baghirov:
"To Comrade Bagirov, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan! “The enemies of the State” want to tarnish my father’s reputation. They gave false information to the Air Force Academy where I am currently studying. I was sent to study here by the republic. I am the only girl among the students. After receiving the necessary information, they will decide whether I can continue to study here or not. Please protect the rights and justice so that they do not receive any false information."
Bagirov soon releases her father from prison in order not to damage the reputation of the country, and he is ordered not to talk about it anywhere. Thus, a letter goes to Moscow with the necessary content to Zuleykha: "It is a lie, Mir Habib Seyidmammadov is at home. Everything is in order."[19]
During her studies at the academy, Seyidmammadova began to receive training on travelling with "Douglas" and then medium bombers, as well as long-range and fast-flying aircraft. She learns all the secrets of airships from Spirin and Belyakov, the strongest navigators of the country, and heroes of the Soviet Union.[21] The photo of Seyidmammadova, a first-year student, was placed on the Academy's "Board of Honor" by the Komsomol organization of the faculty headed by Gurevich.[22]
On 23 February 1940 -
Zuleikha, who is the only woman in the piloting faculty of the academy, is appointed pilot of a fighter aircraft in the training aircraft regiment after graduation.[12]
Awards
- Order of Lenin
- Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labour
- Order of the Patriotic War in the 2nd Class
- Order of the Red Star
- Two Orders of the Badge of Honor
See also
- Leyla Mammadbeyova – first Azerbaijani woman pilot, but did not fly in combat
- Ziba Ganiyeva – Azerbaijani woman sniper
- Khiuaz Dospanova – Kazakh navigator in the "Night Witches"
References
- ^ (Russian) The Proprietress of the Sky by I.Gadirova. Nash Vek. 7 May 2004. Retrieved 6 June 2007
- ^ Züleyxa Seyidməmmədova. http://qadin.net/index.php?newsid=254
- ISBN 9780921252627.
- ^ Puchkov, Vladimir. ""Небесные сестры" Востока". Moscow-Baku.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 12 February 2018.
- OCLC 915828679.
- ISBN 9781317876434.
- ^ Əhmədov, Səbuhi (2006). Azərbaycan tarixindən yüz şəxsiyyət (PDF). Bakı: "Ayna" mətbuat evi. p. 275.
- ^ a b İlyasoğlu, Rauf (12 May 2010). "İlk azərbaycanlı qadın təyyarəçi". "Respublika" qəzeti. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Dünyaminqızı, Qərənfil (29 September 2016). "Müsəlman aləmində ilk təyyarəçi qadın" (PDF). Kaspi qəzeti. Bakı. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Züleyxa Seyidməmmədova: Stalini xilas edən ilk azərbaycanlı qadın pilot". oxu.az. 9 May 2019. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ a b Bayramqızı, Əfsanə (24 May 2015). "Alman zabitini diz çökdürən Azərbaycan qızı". Xalq qəzeti. Bakı. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Seyidməmmədova, Züleyxa (1969). Təyyarəçinin qeydləri (in Russian). Bakı.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Əhmədov 2006, p. 275.
- ^ a b Cottam 1997, p. 336.
- ^ В небе фронтовом (in Russian). Молодая гвардия. 1971. p. 366.
- ^ Nağıyeva (2010). Azərbaycan aviatorları Böyük Vətən müharibəsi illərində. Bakı. p. 52.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Nağıyeva 2010, p. 55.
- ^ Pravda qəzeti (in Russian). 9 August 1938. p. 6.
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(help) - ^ a b "Züleyxa Seyidməmmədova: Stalini xilas edən ilk azərbaycanlı qadın pilot". oxu.az. 9 May 2019. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ Dünyaminqızı, Qərənfil (29 September 2016). "Müsəlman aləmində ilk təyyarəçi qadın" (PDF). Kaspi qəzeti. Bakı. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
- ^ Sultanova, Ayna (1970). Azərbaycan qadınının xoşbəxtliyi. Bakı. p. 104.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Вперед и выше" qəzeti (in Russian). 29 December 1938.
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