18th Brigade (Australia)
18th Brigade | |
---|---|
Second World War
| |
Commanders | |
Notable commanders | Leslie Morshead |
Insignia | |
Headquarters unit colour patch |
The 18th Brigade was an
History
Formation
The 18th Brigade briefly existed as
During the
Following training, the brigade was dispatched to the
Middle East
Later, when the threat of invasion of the United Kingdom decreased, the decision was made to transfer the Australian forces there to the
Plans were made for the 18th Brigade to deploy to
New Guinea
The 18th Brigade returned to Australia in early 1942 following the outbreak of the
Later, as the 7th Division was assigned to the advance on the Japanese bases on the Papuan coast around
By the time that the brigade returned to Australia, it was down to only 44 per cent of its authorised strength.
Borneo
Following the brigade's return to Australia, it was reconstituted at Strathpine, Queensland, before later moving to Kairi. A long period of reorganisation and training followed, before the brigade moved to Morotai, in the Dutch East Indies, May 1945.[39] The brigade's final involvement in the war came when they landed at Balikpapan in Borneo on 1 July 1945,[7][40] as part of efforts to secure the port facilities and oilfields located there. Coming ashore in the first wave, the 18th Brigade was allocated to the landings around Klandasan, on the Allied left.[39] Following the initial landing, the 18th Brigade, supported by 'D' Company, 2/1st Machine Gun Battalion,[41] secured the high ground around Klandasan. On 3 July they captured the town of Balikpapan and secured its port before being relieved by the 25th Brigade.[42] The 2/9th Battalion was detached, along with the 2/1st Pioneer Battalion, to clear the western side of the bay around Panadjam, while the rest of the brigade undertook further patrols around Balikpapan.[39][43] By the end of the month, the Australians began mopping up operations, and these continued until the Japanese surrendered. Following the completion of hostilities in August, the brigade remained on Borneo as the demobilisation process began. The 18th Brigade was disbanded on 3 January 1946 at Balikpapan after its component battalions were disbanded throughout December 1945 and January 1946.[44][45][46]
Commanders
The following officers served as commanding officer of the 18th Brigade:[47]
- Brigadier Leslie Morshead (1939–1941);
- Brigadier George Wootten (1941–1943);
- Brigadier Frederick Chilton (1943–1945).
Notes
- ^ Australian Military Forces 1912, p. 23.
- ^ Kuring 2004, p. 108.
- ^ Palazzo 2001, pp. 68 & 91.
- ^ Grey 2008, p. 125.
- ^ a b c "18 Australian Infantry Brigade: History". Orders of Battle.com. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ a b c d McKenzie-Smith 2018, p. 2087.
- ^ a b c "18th Brigade". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ a b Johnston 2005, p. 4.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 6.
- ^ Johnston 2005, pp. 2–3.
- ^ a b c Johnston 2005, p. 22.
- ^ Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 179.
- ^ a b Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 180.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 25.
- ^ Wilmot 1993, pp. 88, 150–151 and 280.
- ^ James 2017
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 71.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 77.
- ^ Brune 2004, p. 279.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 85.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 84.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 92.
- ^ Johnston 2005, pp. 91–92.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 124.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 140.
- ^ Keogh 1965, p. 276.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 162.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 161.
- ^ a b Johnston 2005, p. 164.
- ^ Dexter 1961, p. 268.
- ^ "1 Australian Motor Brigade: History". Orders of Battle.com. Retrieved 7 April 2011.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 165.
- ^ Dexter 1961, p. 269.
- ^ Bradley 2004, p. 179.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 181.
- ^ Keogh 1965, p. 352.
- ^ Johnston 2005, pp. 196–205.
- ^ Johnston 2005, p. 207.
- ^ a b c McKenzie-Smith 2018, p. 2089.
- ^ Keogh 1965, p. 461.
- ^ "2/1st Machine Gun Battalion". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ Keogh 1965, p. 462.
- ^ Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 254.
- ^ "2/9th Battalion". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ "2/10th Battalion". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ "2/12th Battalion". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
- ^ "18 Australian Infantry Brigade: Unit Appointments". Orders of Battle.com. Retrieved 31 March 2011.[permanent dead link]
References
- Australian Military Forces (1912). The Military Forces List of the Commonwealth of Australia, 1 January 1912. Melbourne, Victoria: Government Printer. OCLC 221429471.
- ISBN 0-19-555100-1.
- Brune, Peter (2004) [2003]. A Bastard of a Place: The Australians in Papua. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74114-403-1.
- Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1998). Where Australians Fought: The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles. St Leonards, New South Wales: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 1-86448-611-2.
- Dexter, David (1961). The New Guinea Offensives. Australia in the War of 1939–1945, Series 1—Army. Volume VII (1st ed.). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian War Memorial. OCLC 2028994.
- ISBN 978-0-521-69791-0.
- James, Richard (2017). Australia's War With France: The Campaign in Syria and Lebanon, 1941. Newport, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing. ISBN 978-1-925520-92-7.
- ISBN 1-74114-191-5.
- OCLC 7185705.
- Kuring, Ian (2004). Redcoats to Cams: A History of Australian Infantry 1788–2001. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military Historical Publications. ISBN 1-876439-99-8.
- Palazzo, Albert (2001). The Australian Army: A History of its Organisation 1901–2001. Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195515072.
- ISBN 978-1-925675-146.
- ISBN 0-14-017584-9.
External links