Camillien Houde

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His Worship
Camillien Houde
MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
In office
1923–1927
Preceded byJoseph Gauthier
Succeeded byJoseph Gauthier
In office
1928–1931
Preceded byJoseph Gauthier
Succeeded byGaspard Fauteux
In office
1939–1944
Preceded byCandide Rochefort
Succeeded byCamille Côté
Member of Parliament for Papineau
In office
1949–1953
Preceded byRiding created
Succeeded byAdrien Meunier
Personal details
Born(1889-08-13)August 13, 1889
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
DiedSeptember 11, 1958(1958-09-11) (aged 69)
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Resting placeNotre Dame des Neiges Cemetery
Political partyConservative Party of Quebec
Conservative Party of Canada
Independent

Camillien Houde

OStJ (August 13, 1889 – September 11, 1958) was a Quebec politician, a Member of Parliament, and a four-time mayor of Montreal
. He is of the few Canadian politicians to have served at all three levels of government.

Political career

Houde was born in Montreal on August 13, 1889 and died there on September 11, 1958. He was nicknamed "l'imprévisible"—the unpredictable. He was the only surviving child of Azade Houde and Josephine Frenette. He is descended from the first Houde ancestor, Louis Houde, who came from Manou, Eure-et-Loir, France to New France in 1647. Louis Houde's son was Louis H. who married Marie Lemay in 1685.

As Montreal Mayor in 1945 at a Chamber of Commerce event.

He was first elected to the

Legislative Assembly of Quebec as a member of the Conservative Party for the riding of Montréal–Sainte-Marie in the 1923 election. He was defeated in the 1927 election, but re-elected in a by-election on October 24, 1928. He was elected leader of the Conservative Party on July 10, 1929, led the party to defeat in the 1931 election, and failed to win a seat in Montréal–Saint-Jacques
after vacating his previous seat. He resigned as Conservative leader on September 19, 1932.

When George VI and Queen Elizabeth visited Montreal on the 1939 royal tour of Canada and were greeted by cheering crowds, Houde turned to the King and said: "You know, Your Majesty, some of this is for you."[1]

He moved to federal politics and lost in a bid for election as a

Camp Petawawa in Ontario until the end of the war. He ran again in St. Mary, this time as an independent candidate, in the 1945 federal election, but was again defeated. He won a seat as an independent candidate in the riding of Papineau in the 1949 federal election by less than 100 votes. He did not run for re-election in the 1953 election
.

Houde became a figure of ridicule in parts of

Cabinet as Drew's Quebec lieutenant
should the Tories win the election. The newspaper's campaign reached its culmination the Saturday before the election with a banner front-page headline reading:

KEEP CANADA BRITISH

DESTROY DREW'S HOUDE

GOD SAVE THE KING

(in later editions, the last line was changed to "VOTE ST. LAURENT").[2]

Concurrent to his career in provincial and federal politics, Houde was mayor of Montreal from 1928 to 1932, from 1934 to 1936, from 1938 to 1940, and from 1944 to 1954.

World War II controversy

During

Petawawa, Ontario and Ripples, New Brunswick for four years. Upon his release on August 18, 1944, he was greeted by a cheering crowd of 50,000 Montrealers,[5]
and won back his job as Montreal mayor in 1944's civic election.

After the war, Houde signed a petition protesting Nazi collaborator Jacques de Bernonville's extradition to France.[6]

Honours

Houde was made

Officer of the Order of St John in 1953.[8]

Cimetière Notre-Dame-des-Neiges

Legacy

On his death in 1958,

Napoleon
's tomb.

Mayor Houde was a reform-minded mayor in the areas of patronage, unemployment, and organized crime. He was also responsible for some of the major public park improvements in Montreal including the park on

Mont Royal with its man-made lake and park facilities. "Camilliennes" were public washrooms built by Houde during the Great Depression.[10]

After his death, Mayor Jean Drapeau named a new road over Mount Royal after Houde, an act many considered ironic, as Houde and many others had long opposed building roads over the city's famous mountain.

Other information

Mayor Houde threw a party for the then-new fellowship of

Bill W in the book Alcoholics Anonymous Comes of Age as "probably the first official reception that any A.A. group ever had."[11]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Camillien Houde.

References

  1. ^ Shawcross, William (2009). The Queen Mother. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 458.
  2. OCLC 11158533
    .
  3. St. Petersburg Times
    . 3 August 1940. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  4. ^ "Lapointe Orders Houde Interned". Windsor Daily Star. 6 August 1940. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  5. Montreal Gazette
    . 6 December 1944. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  6. ISSN 0040-781X
    . Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  7. ^ "No. 34119". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1935. p. 11.
  8. ^ "No. 39743". The London Gazette. 2 January 1953. p. 95.
  9. Montreal Gazette
    . 12 September 1958. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  10. ^ Montpetit, Jonathan (12 April 2017). "Public washrooms make comeback in Montreal, 85 years after Camillien Houde's make-work initiative". CBC News. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  11. ^ Alcoholics Anonymous Comes of Age, 1957, page 85.

Further reading

External links
National Assembly of Quebec
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1923–1927 		Succeeded by
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1928–1931 		Succeeded by
Preceded by MLA for Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1939–1944 		Succeeded by
Parliament of Canada
New constituency Member of Parliament for Papineau
1949–1953 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Leader of the Quebec Conservative Party
1929–1932 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by
Leader of the Opposition in Quebec

1929–1931 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1928–1932 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1934–1936 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1938–1940 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Mayor of Montreal
1944–1954 		Succeeded by
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