Nancy, France
Nancy | |
---|---|
Prefecture and commune | |
Latin for 'I am not injured unavenged') | |
Coordinates: 48°41′37″N 6°11′05″E / 48.6936°N 6.1846°E | |
Country | France |
Region | Grand Est |
Department | Meurthe-et-Moselle |
Arrondissement | Nancy |
Canton | 3 cantons |
Intercommunality | Métropole du Grand Nancy |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2026) | Mathieu Klein[1] (PS) |
Area 1 | 15.01 km2 (5.80 sq mi) |
Population (2021)[2] | 104,260 |
• Density | 6,900/km2 (18,000/sq mi) |
Demonym(s) | Nancéien (masculine) Nancéienne (feminine) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
INSEE/Postal code | 54395 /54000 |
Elevation | 188–353 m (617–1,158 ft) (avg. 212 m or 696 ft) |
Website | http://www.nancy.fr/ |
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Part of a series on |
Lorraine |
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Nancy[a] is the prefecture of the northeastern French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle. It was the capital of the Duchy of Lorraine, which was annexed by France under King Louis XV in 1766 and replaced by a province, with Nancy maintained as capital. Following its rise to prominence in the Age of Enlightenment, it was nicknamed the "capital of Eastern France" in the late 19th century. The metropolitan area of Nancy had a population of 511,257 inhabitants at the 2018 census, making it the 16th-largest functional urban area in France and Lorraine's largest.[6] The population of the city of Nancy proper is 104,885.
The motto of the city is Non inultus premor (
History
The earliest signs of human settlement in the area date to 800 BC. Early settlers were likely attracted by easily mined iron ore and a ford in the river
Nancy was burned in 1218 at the end of the
-
1477 Battle of Nancy
Following the failure of both
The exiled Polish king Stanislaus I (Stanisław Leszczyński in Polish), father-in-law of the French king Louis XV, was then given the vacant duchy of Lorraine. Under his nominal rule, Nancy experienced growth and a flowering of Baroque culture and architecture. Stanislaus oversaw the construction of Place Stanislaus, a major square and development connecting the old medieval with a newer part of the city. Upon Stanislaus' death in February 1766, Lorraine and Barrois became a regular government of the Kingdom of France.[9] A parlement for Lorraine and Barrois was established in Nancy in 1776.[9]
As unrest surfaced within the French Armed Forces during the French Revolution, a full-scale mutiny, known as the Nancy affair, took place in Nancy in the latter part of summer 1790. A few units loyal to the government laid siege to the town and shot or imprisoned the mutineers.
-
Parade in 1909
-
Nancy c. 1914
-
Nancy in World War I
In 1871, Nancy remained French when Germany annexed
Nancy was occupied by German forces beginning in 1940 and renamed Nanzig. During the
In 1988, Pope
Geography
Nancy is situated on the left bank of the river
The oldest part of Nancy is the quarter Vieille Ville – Léopold, which contains the 14th century Porte de la Craffe, the
The population of the city proper experienced a small decrease in population since 2007, placing it behind Metz as the second largest city in the Lorraine.[10] However, the urban area of Metz experienced population decline from 1990 to 2010 while the urban area of Nancy grew over the same period, becoming the largest urban area in Lorraine and second largest in the "Grand Est" region of northeastern France. Within the Nancy metropolitan area in recent years, the city population declined slightly (2009–2014) at the roughly same time as a small increase in the population of its urban area (2006–2012).
Climate
Nancy has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb), although a bit more extreme than most of the larger French cities.[11] By the standards of France it is a "continental" climate with a certain degree of maritime (unrelated to the Köppen classification, since generally the whole country has a predominant mechanism favored by the West winds).[12][13]
The temperatures have a distinct variation of the temperate zone, both during the day and between seasons but without being very different. Winters are cold and dry in freezing climates. Summers are not always sunny, but warm enough. Mists are frequent in autumn and the winds are light and not too violent. Precipitation tends to be less abundant than in the west of the country. Sunshine hours are almost identical to Paris and the snowy days are the same as Strasbourg (most similar weather conditions).[14] Although the lowest recorded temperature is officially −26.8 °C, some sources consider temperatures from −30 °C on 10 December 1879 before continuous data.[15]
Town | Sunshine (hours/yr) |
Rain (mm/yr) |
Snow (days/yr) |
Storm (days/yr) |
Fog (days/yr) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National average | 1,973 | 770 | 14 | 22 | 40 |
Nancy | 1,666 | 775.1 | 29.6 | 27.6 | 49.6[17] |
Paris | 1,661 | 637 | 12 | 18 | 10 |
Nice | 2,724 | 767 | 1 | 29 | 1 |
Strasbourg | 1,693 | 665 | 29 | 29 | 56 |
Brest | 1,605 | 1,211 | 7 | 12 | 75 |
Climate data for Nancy-Tomblaine (Les Ensanges, altitude 217m, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1927–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 16.8 (62.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
29.3 (84.7) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.2 (99.0) |
40.1 (104.2) |
39.3 (102.7) |
34.4 (93.9) |
27.2 (81.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
40.1 (104.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
7.1 (44.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.8 (60.4) |
19.8 (67.6) |
23.5 (74.3) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.5 (59.9) |
9.4 (48.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
15.5 (59.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
3.5 (38.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.2 (57.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.6 (67.3) |
15.6 (60.1) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.4 (43.5) |
3.5 (38.3) |
11.0 (51.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
2.1 (35.8) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
7.1 (44.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
1.0 (33.8) |
6.4 (43.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −21.6 (−6.9) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
1.6 (34.9) |
2.0 (35.6) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 64.4 (2.54) |
54.8 (2.16) |
54.1 (2.13) |
44.3 (1.74) |
67.9 (2.67) |
56.0 (2.20) |
63.0 (2.48) |
67.2 (2.65) |
61.1 (2.41) |
66.5 (2.62) |
68.9 (2.71) |
78.1 (3.07) |
746.3 (29.38) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0mm) | 11.1 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 120.2 |
Average snowy days | 8.0 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 30.7 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
87 | 83 | 78 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 77 | 81 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 80 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 52.4 | 80.1 | 139.6 | 181.2 | 205.6 | 223.5 | 234.8 | 219.4 | 171.9 | 104.6 | 52.1 | 43.2 | 1,708.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 17.0 | 29.0 | 33.0 | 39.0 | 42.0 | 45.0 | 50.0 | 49.0 | 44.0 | 33.0 | 21.0 | 18.0 | 35.0 |
Source 1: Météo France[18][19][20] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: NOAA (percent sunshine 1961-1990),[21] Infoclimat.fr (humidity and snowy days 1961-1990)[22] |
Climate data for Nancy-Ochey (Les Ensanges, altitude 336m, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1966–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
32.2 (90.0) |
36.6 (97.9) |
39.6 (103.3) |
38.4 (101.1) |
34.2 (93.6) |
26.0 (78.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
18.4 (65.1) |
39.6 (103.3) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.5 (76.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
14.6 (58.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.3 (41.5) |
14.6 (58.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) |
3.1 (37.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
19.3 (66.7) |
19.1 (66.4) |
15.0 (59.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
2.2 (36.0) |
4.9 (40.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
10.2 (50.4) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.7 (33.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −19.1 (−2.4) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
4.5 (40.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
−19.1 (−2.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 66.7 (2.63) |
60.1 (2.37) |
58.8 (2.31) |
50.5 (1.99) |
74.0 (2.91) |
62.0 (2.44) |
68.8 (2.71) |
71.7 (2.82) |
66.9 (2.63) |
72.6 (2.86) |
75.5 (2.97) |
82.8 (3.26) |
810.4 (31.91) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.6 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 125.1 |
Average snowy days | 6.9 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 5.9 | 28.9 |
Source: Météo-France,[23] Meteociel.fr (snowy days 1981-2010)[24] |
Demographics
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Source: EHESS[25] and INSEE (1968-2021)[26][27] |
Main sights
The old city center's heritage dates from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. The
A historic church is the
The "
A major botanical garden, the Jardin botanique du Montet, is located at Villers-lès-Nancy. Other gardens of interest include the city's earliest botanical garden, the Jardin Dominique Alexandre Godron, and various other public gardens and places of interest including the Pépinière and Parc Sainte-Marie (public gardens). The town also has an aquarium. The surroundings of the train station are a busy commercial area.
Culture
The city is known for its World Heritage buildings at the Place Stanislas, which was opened April 2005 by Jacques Chirac after refurbishment.
At the turn of the 20th century, Nancy was a major center of the Art Nouveau with the École de Nancy. The city possesses a unique and interesting Musée de l'École de Nancy (School of Nancy Museum) with artworks by Émile Gallé, Louis Majorelle, Daum, Caravaggio,[30] and others. Nancy also has other museums:
- Museum of Fine Arts of Nancy (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy) with painters from the 15th to 20th centuries, and a huge collection of Daum crystal displayed in part of the old fortifications of the city.
- Lorraine History Museum dedicated to the history of the Duchy of Lorraine and arts (Jacques Callot collection, Georges de La Tour).
- Aquarium and Natural History Museum of Nancy].
- Musée de l'École de Nancy offers a testimony of the diversity of creative techniques practiced by the artists of this school, with a fine display of furniture, objets d'art, glassware, stained-glass, leather, ceramics, textiles, etc. from the period.[31]
- The Iron History Museum[32]
The city is also the seat of the
Nancy is known for its
Universities and colleges
Nancy has a large number of institutions of higher learning:
- University of Lorraine which merges:
- Henri Poincaré University (Université Henri Poincaré, UHP, also known as Nancy 1)[33]
- Nancy 2 University (Université Nancy 2)[34]
- National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine (Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine or INPL)
- École nationale supérieure des Mines de Nancy
- École nationale supérieure des industries chimiques(ENSIC)
- École nationale supérieure d'agronomie et des industries alimentaires (ENSAIA)
- École européenne d'ingénieurs en génie des matériaux (EEIGM)
- École nationale supérieure d'électricité et de mécanique (ENSEM)
- École nationale supérieure de géologie (ENSG)
- École nationale supérieure en génie des systèmes et de l'innovation (ENSGSI)
- Telecom Nancy (ex-ESIAL)
- École Polytechnique de l'Université de Lorraine (Polytech Nancy)
- École des Beaux-Arts de Nancy
- École nationale supérieure d'art de Nancy
- School of architecture of Nancy (ENSA)
- École pour l'informatique et les nouvelles technologies(EPITECH)
- ICN Graduate Business School(Institut Commercial de Nancy)
- Sciences Po Paris (French-German Undergraduate Campus)[35]
- Centre de Nancy-AgroParisTech[36]
- École Supérieure Robert de Sorbon
- French National School of Forestry, est. 1824, in Nancy
- Web@cademie
Sports
Nancy is home to two of the three professional sport clubs in Lorraine:
AS Nancy-Lorraine won the French cup 1978 with captain Michel Platini who scored the only goal of the final (Nancy 1–0 Nice). More recently
SLUC Nancy won the last Korac European Cup in 2002, reached the finals of French championship of basketball (Pro A) four consecutive times and finally won his first trophy in 2008. Also winner of "Semaine des As" in 2005 and champion of 2nd league (pro B) in 1994.
Prominent people from Nancy
- Lambert-Sigisbert Adam (1700–1759), a lorrain sculptor.[37]
- François-Émile André(1871–1933), architect
- philologist.[38]
- Charles Baudiot (1773–1849), cellist and composer
- Najoua Belyzel (born 1981), singer
- André Bernanose (1912–2002), chemist, physicist and pharmacologist
- Louis-Émile Bertin (1840–1924), naval engineer
- Jean Galli de Bibiena (1709–1779), playwright
- N rays
- Stanislas de Boufflers (1738–1815), statesman and writer.[39]
- printmaker.[40]
- Henri Cartan (1904–2008), mathematician
- Charlotte Caubel (born 1972), magistrate, politician and minister
- Maxime Chanot (born 1990), footballer
- Paul Colin (1892–1985), poster artist
- Marion Créhange (1937–2022), computer scientist
- Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany(1565–1637)
- Lucien Cuénot (1866–1951), geneticist
- Gérard Cuny (1925–1996), French gerontologist
- Dominique Delestre (born 1955), racing driver
- Matthieu Delpierre (born 1981), footballer
- Gérard Paul Deshayes (1795–1875), geologist and conchologist.[41]
- Auguste Digot (1815–1864), historian of Lorraine
- Antoine Drouot (1774–1847), one of Napoleon's generals
- Prosper Guerrier de Dumast (1796–1883), proponent of Lotharingism
- Pascal Dusapin (born 1955), composer
- Gisèle d'Estoc (1845-1894), writer, sculptor, feminist
- Lucien Febvre (1878–1956), historian
- Adèle Ferrand (1817–1848), painter
- Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (1708–1765), duke of Lorraine and later Holy Roman Emperor
- Émile Gallé (1846–1904), Art Nouveau artist
- Edmond de Goncourt (1822–1896), author, critic, publisher, founder of the Académie Goncourt.[42]
- Jean Ignace Isidore Gérard Grandville (1803-1847), illustrator and caricaturist.[43]
- Gillian Henrion (born 2003), racing driver
- François-Benoît Hoffman (1760–1828), playwright and critic.[44]
- Jean-Baptiste Isabey (1767–1855), painter.[45]
- François Jacob (1920–2013), biologist who won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
- aerospace engineer
- Nicolas Liebault (1723–1795), collaborator of the Encyclopédie by Diderot and D'Alembert
- Hubert Lyautey (1854–1934), Marshal of France
- Jesuit and historian.[46]
- François René Mallarmé (1755–1835), statesman of the French Revolution.[47]
- Aimé Morot (1850–1913), painter
- Charles Palissot de Montenoy (1730–1814), playwright
- Michel Picard (born 1931), writer, winner of the 2007 Feuille d'or de la ville de Nancy
- Michel Platini (b. 1955 in Jœuf), footballer
- theoretical scientist and philosopher of science
- Mlle Raucourt (1756–1815) a French actress, real name Françoise Marie Antoinette Saucerotte.[48]
- Éric Rohmer (1920–2010), film director
- Pierre Roussel (1881–1945), archaeologist and epigrapher
- Henri Royer (1869–1938), painter
- Jean François de Saint-Lambert (1716–1803), poet, philosopher and military officer.[49]
- Pierre Schaeffer (1910–1995), noted as the inventor of musique concrète
- Jean-Louis Schlesser (born 1948), racing driver
- Charles Sellier, (1830–1882) painter
- José Touré (born 1961), footballer
- Arnaud Vincent (born 1974), motorcycle racer
- Élise Voïart (1786–1866), writer and translator
- Lucien Weissenburger (1860–1929), architect
- Virginie Despentes (1969), writer and filmmaker.
Economy
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2023) |
Business
- Bellieni, a nineteenth and twentieth century camera maker
Transport
The main railway station is
A nearby regional airport Lorraine Airfield provides scheduled air service to several cities within France.
Public transport within Nancy is provided by Service de Transport de l'Agglomération Nancéienne (STAN),[50] operated by Veolia Transport, operating around 20 conventional bus routes and, until early 2023, the Tram by STAN, a guided busway based on Bombardier Transportation's Guided Light Transit (GLT) technology and using articulated trolleybuses that was running for approximately 10 km on the East-West axis.
Heraldry
The coat of arms of Nancy displays a
At first, the coat of arms of Nancy had a
The coat of arms displays the motto, which appeared in the end of the 16th century. It was initially "Nul ne s'y frotte" ("no one attacks it"), but it was changed to Latin "Non inultus premor" in 1616. The motto has a similar meaning to the Scottish one, "
See also
- Bibliography of the history of Nancy
- René-Prosper Blondlot's imagination, named for Nancy.
- Parc naturel régional de Lorraine
- The great organ of Nancy Cathedral
- List of twin towns and sister cities in France
Notes
- Luxembourgish: Nanzeg [ˈnɑntsəɕ] ; Lorraine Franconian: Nanzisch.
References
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- ISBN 9780865165441.
- ^ "Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
- ^ a b Poupardin, René (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 9–12, see page 12, lines 3 and 4:= " At his death in February 1766 the two duchies of Lorraine and Bar became definitively incorporated in the kingdom of France.".
- ^ "Comparateur de territoire, Commune de Nancy (54395), Commune de Metz (57463)". INSEE. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
- ^ "Nancy, France Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
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- ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Nancy, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ Populations légales 2021, INSEE
- ^ "History and heritage – Nancy Tourisme". nancy-tourisme.fr. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ Images of the Place Stanislas Archived 26 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Annunciation" painted 1608, Musée des Beaux-Arts
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- ^ "Musée de l'histoire du fer". nancy-tourisme.fr. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
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- ^ "Université de Lorraine". univ-nancy2.fr. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ "Campus de Nancy – Sciences Po Collège universitaire". franco-allemand.sciences-po.fr. 23 February 2017. Archived from the original on 19 September 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ Paris, Guillaume. "Centre de Nancy – AgroParisTech". agroparistech.fr. Archived from the original on 2 December 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
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- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 765. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 562. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 860. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 430. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 490. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 921. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 21. .
- ^ "Stan: Page d'accueil". reseau-stan.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
- ^ a b c "Origine du blason de Nancy". Nancy WebTV. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
External links
- City council website (in French)
- Tourist office website (archived 2 July 2013)
- Nancy Convention bureau (in French)
- Place Stanislas Live Webcam
- Phonebook of Nancy
- "Young European Federalists in Nancy and around in Lorraine" (in French). Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 1 October 2006.
- Jardin botanique du Montet (Botanical Garden) (in French)
- Official website of le Musée de l'Ecole de Nancy (the museum of the Nancy style of Art Nouveau) (in French) (archived 18 August 2006)
- Nancy tourism office page on the "School of Nancy" Museum
- A walking tour of Nancy's Art Nouveau architecture including photos (in French) (archived 18 August 2006)