Nikolaos Michaloliakos
Nikolaos Michaloliakos | |
---|---|
General Secretary of the Golden Dawn | |
Assumed office February 1993 | |
Member of the Hellenic Parliament | |
In office 28 June 2012 – 7 July 2019 | |
Member of the Athens Council | |
In office 1 January 2011 – 17 May 2012 | |
Succeeded by | Ioannis Vouldis |
Personal details | |
Born | Nikolaos G. Michaloliakos 11 December 1957 Golden Dawn |
Other political affiliations | 4th of August Party (1973–1984) National Political Union (1984–1985) |
Spouse | Eleni Zaroulia |
Children | Ourania Michaloliakou |
Alma mater | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens |
Occupation | Politician |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Greece |
Branch/service | Hellenic Army |
Nikolaos G. Michaloliakos (Greek: Νικόλαος Γ. Μιχαλολιάκος, pronounced [niˈkolaos mixaloˈʎakos]; born 11 December 1957) is a Greek politician and convicted criminal.[1][2][3][4] He is the founder and leader of the far-right party Golden Dawn. In October 2020, he and 67 other Golden Dawn leaders were found guilty of leading a criminal organisation by the Athens Appeals Court.[5][6]
Early life and education
Michaloliakos was born in Athens in 1957. According to his party, he completed his studies at the Faculty of Mathematics of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.[7]
Political involvements
At the age of 16, he joined the nationalist
After he was released, he launched the
Michaloliakos remained the leader of Golden Dawn until he announced its disbandment in November 2005.
Golden Dawn as a political party drew public attention in the 1990s and early 2000.
Arrest
Following the fatal stabbing of the antifascist rapper
In April 2015, the trial of Michaloliakos and 68 other defendants began at the high-security Korydallos prison in Athens,[23] but was adjourned a number of times for technical reasons and to find a more suitable setting.[24] Michaloliakos was one of 68 Golden Dawn leaders who were found guilty in October 2020. He was sentenced to 13.5 years in prison[6][25] but was granted early release in May 2024 following a legal request and on account of his elderly age, albeit with several conditions such as a ban on traveling outside the greater Athens area.[26] However, his release was subsequently overturned by another panel of judges following an appeal that found that he had shown no repentance for his crimes and was capable of reoffending. This led to him being rearrested in his residence in Athens on 3 June.[27]
Personal life
He is the husband of fellow Golden Dawn member Eleni Zaroulia.[28] His daughter Ourania was one of six people arrested during a motorcycle attack against immigrants; all six were later released.[29][30]
In a televised interview, Michaloliakos publicly insulted
Publications
- Enemies of the Regime (Εχθροί του Καθεστώτος), 2000
- Against All (Εναντίον Όλων), 2001
- The Last Loyals (Οι Τελευταίοι Πιστοί), 2002
- For a Greater Greece in a Free Europe (Για μια Μεγάλη Ελλάδα σε μια Ελεύθερη Ευρώπη), 2000
- Pericles Giannopoulos: The Apollonian Speech (Περικλής Γιαννόπουλος: Ο Απολλώνιος Λόγος), 2006
- The Confession of a Heathen (Η Εξομολόγηση ενός Εθνικού), reprinted in 2008
- From the Ashes of Berlin to Globalisation (Από τις Στάχτες του Βερολίνου στην Παγκοσμιοποίηση), 2008
- Defending National Memory (Υπερασπίζοντας την Εθνική Μνήμη), 2009
References
- ^ "Greece Golden Dawn: Neo-Nazi leaders guilty of running crime gang". BBC News. 7 October 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ Chappell, Bill (20 October 2020). "Golden Dawn: Leader Of Greek Neo-Nazi Party Sentenced To 13 Years In Prison". NPR. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ "Greek court imprisons far-right Golden Dawn party leadership". Al Jazeera. 22 October 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ Stamouli, Nektaria (7 October 2020). "Greece's Golden Dawn leaders guilty of running a criminal gang". Politico. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ "Greece Golden Dawn: Neo-Nazi leaders guilty of running crime gang". BBC News. 7 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
- ^ a b Mitchell, Jonathan (7 October 2020). "Greece: Leader of neo-Nazi Golden Dawn convicted of 'leading a criminal organisation'". Euronews.
- ^ a b c "Article about Michaloliakos published on Golden Dawn's website". Archived from the original on 2 October 2013.
- New York Times
- ^ athensnews.gr Archived 17 February 2013 at archive.today
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Το κλούβιο "αβγό του φιδιού"". To Vima. 11 September 2005.
- ^ a b c d 2/7/1998 article published in Eleftherotypia newspaper
- ^ Article published on BBC News Online website
- ^ Greek Embassy (Consulate General, Los Angeles, USA) website Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b 01/12/05 article published by www.in.gr
- ^ Golden Dawn taps into voter anger and fear Archived 9 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine in Athens News
- Ekathimerini.com.
- Independent Online (South Africa)
- ^ Strickland, Patrick. "Greece mourns slain anti-fascist rapper Pavlos Fyssas". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- ^ Lowen, Mark (28 September 2013). "Greece's Golden Dawn leader Nikolaos Michaloliakos held". BBC. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- ^ Channel 4 News (29 September 2013). "Swastikas but no faces please - Golden Dawn in crisis". Retrieved 30 September 2013.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Skordas, Aggelos (20 March 2015). "Extreme Right Golden Dawn Leader Michaloliakos and MP Lagos Released Ahead of Trial". GreekReporter. Greece. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
- ^ "Golden Dawn chief, wife, released from house arrest". ekathimerini. Greece. 29 July 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ^ Ayiomamitis, Paris (20 April 2015). "Trial of far-right Golden Dawn leaders starts in Greece". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
- ^ Smith, Helena (7 May 2015). "Golden Dawn leaders' trial adjourned until next week". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
- ^ "Head of Greek extreme far-right Golden Dawn party is granted early release from prison". Associated Press. 3 May 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
- ^ "Greek extreme far-right leader to return to prison after judges rescind his early release". Associated Press. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
- ^ Rashty, Sandy (11 October 2012). "Greek neo-Nazi party on EU equality committee". Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
- ^ Smith, Helena (7 June 2012). "Golden Dawn MP's live TV assault shocks Greece". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
- ^ Houlakis, Pantelis; Souliotis, Yiannis (21 June 2012). "Violence against migrants in Greece intensifies". Ekathimerini. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
- ^ Evangeloulis, George (10 February 2019). "Why The "Greek Freak" Matters, Even Outside of Basketball". Medium. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
External links
- Terms of office of Nikolaos Michaloliakos at the Hellenic Parliament (in English)