Port Alberni
Port Alberni | |
---|---|
672 | |
Highways | Highway 4 |
Waterways | Sproat Lake, Alberni Inlet |
Climate | Csb |
Website | portalberni |
Port Alberni (/ælˈbɜːrni/) is a city located on Vancouver Island in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The city lies within the Alberni Valley at the head of the Alberni Inlet, Vancouver Island's longest inlet. It is the location of the head offices of the Alberni-Clayoquot Regional District. Port Alberni currently has a total population of 18,259.
Port Alberni is served by the coast-spanning Island Highway system, the Island Rail Corridor, and a local airport.
History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
Port Alberni was named for Captain Don Pedro de Alberní,[1] a Spanish officer, who commanded Fort San Miguel at Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island's west coast from 1790 to 1792.
Port Alberni and the West Coast of Vancouver Island were historically populated by people of the
In March 1787, Captain Charles William Barkley of the Imperial Eagle, explored Barkley Sound, which now bears his name. Barkley travelled with his 17-year-old bride, Frances Barkley, the first European woman to visit what is now British Columbia. Frances Barkley is also the name of one of the two vessels that makes trips down the Alberni Inlet from Port Alberni to Bamfield and Ucluelet. The other, since retired, was the MV Lady Rose.
In 1856, Adam Horne, a Scottish fur trader employed by the Hudson's Bay Company, was directed to locate a land route across Vancouver Island. There were stories that the natives used a trail starting at Qualicum. Adam Horne found this trail leading to the Alberni Valley and it became known as the Horne Lake Trail. Many other settlers used this trail to get to the Alberni Valley.
In 1860, the Anderson company, a sawmilling company from
Rogers Creek, which flows through the centre of Port Alberni, was named after
In 1862, small-scale placer gold mining took place on China Creek; in the 1890s more gold mining took place along the Alberni Inlet at China Creek and Mineral Creek. Several gold veins were found. Exploration for gold continued over the years with peaks in the 1930s and 1960s.
Today, the town is a hub for local, regional, and provincial government, and its West Coast General Hospital provides services to west coast communities like Bamfield, Tofino, and Ucluelet. Currently, the natural resources of the area are taking centre stage again, but in a different way. Port Alberni is in the process of "re-developing" itself as a tourism destination. The area's amenities, such as the natural environment of the area, the opportunities for fishing (both marine and freshwater), its convenience as a jumping-off point for new outdoor recreation and ecotourism activities such as hiking, kayaking, and mountain-biking, lend themselves to these activities very well.[4]
The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake was a 7.3 magnitude earthquake that struck at 10:15 a.m. on Sunday, June 23, 1946.[5] The main shock epicentre occurred in the Forbidden Plateau area north of Port Alberni. While most of the large earthquakes in the Vancouver area occur at tectonic plate boundaries, the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake was a crustal event.[6] Shaking was felt from Portland, Oregon to Prince Rupert, British Columbia. The earthquake is remembered as one of the most damaging earthquakes in the history of British Columbia.
From 1920 to 1973 the Alberni Residential School was in operation. The Canadian Federal government now says that this was a big blot on race relations in Canada.[7] The residential school system run by the United Church forcibly separated children from their families and communities. The residential school was closed in the late 1970s and in 2009 was demolished.[8]
In 1955, the Alberni Athletics Senior-A Men's Basketball Team had an outstanding year. The Alberni Athletics won the Canadian Senior Basketball Championships at home. A young
In 1964, Port Alberni was hit by a
In 1967, the neighbouring towns of Alberni (on the north) and Port Alberni (on the south) amalgamated to form the city of Port Alberni.[11]
The Alberni Valley has a museum[12] and many ancillary attractions, including Sproat Lake, which is located just outside Port Alberni.
Geography
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
Located at the head of the
The city itself owes its unique layout to its former "
The former City of Port Alberni (now referred to as "South Port" or "Uptown") can be found about 3 km (1.9 mi) South on 3rd and Argyle street. In 2004, the Capitol Theatre, a local landmark in South Port, underwent extensive renovations and emerged as a stately yet modern relic of past times. This theatre now often hosts live performances. South Port is anchored by the Harbour Quay, a waterfront collection of shops, art galleries, great food and parks. The Port Alberni railway station, farmers market on Saturdays, as well as the Maritime Discovery Centre can be found here.
The city's West End is an eclectic mix of new suburban style homes, large acreages, and two First Nations reserves. Much of the residential growth over the past decade has occurred in the city's West End, where the Westporte neighbourhood has taken shape.
The creeks and ravines that cut through the city create natural barriers; Kitsuksis Creek, Cherry Creek, Roger Creek and Dry Creek each flow through the city. The hiking trails in these creeks and ravines add tremendously to the quality of life in Port Alberni.
Climate
Port Alberni's dry July gives it a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb), although it is much wetter than most such places. Although the summer months do see a relatively small amount of precipitation, the vast majority of it comes during the winter months as cool, moist air flows from the Pacific Ocean over the much colder B.C. coast. Despite its location on the relatively drier east side of Vancouver Island, the resulting weak rain shadow is not enough to keep the city dry. Despite its generally wet climate, in summer, afternoon shade temperatures quite often exceed 30 °C (86.0 °F) on average 15–30 days a year, making it one of the warmest places on Vancouver Island in the summer months.
The highest temperature ever recorded in Port Alberni was 42.7 °C (108.9 °F) on 28 June 2021.[14] The coldest temperature ever recorded was −21.7 °C (−7.1 °F) on 14 January 1950.[15]
Climate data for Port Alberni Airport, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1917–present[a] | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
30.6 (87.1) |
34.1 (93.4) |
42.7 (108.9) |
41.1 (106.0) |
39.4 (102.9) |
35.6 (96.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
20.6 (69.1) |
16.7 (62.1) |
42.7 (108.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
11.5 (52.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.2 (75.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
6.4 (43.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
18.0 (64.4) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
9.7 (49.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
3.2 (37.8) |
6.1 (43.0) |
8.9 (48.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
7.5 (45.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
2.5 (36.5) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −21.7 (−7.1) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 290.9 (11.45) |
255.3 (10.05) |
190.1 (7.48) |
126.6 (4.98) |
78.5 (3.09) |
55.3 (2.18) |
26.1 (1.03) |
38.5 (1.52) |
49.1 (1.93) |
204.4 (8.05) |
316.6 (12.46) |
276.0 (10.87) |
1,907.3 (75.09) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 275.7 (10.85) |
234.6 (9.24) |
180.6 (7.11) |
125.6 (4.94) |
78.5 (3.09) |
55.3 (2.18) |
26.1 (1.03) |
38.5 (1.52) |
49.1 (1.93) |
203.3 (8.00) |
305.9 (12.04) |
255.9 (10.07) |
1,829 (72.01) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 15.4 (6.1) |
22.2 (8.7) |
10.1 (4.0) |
1.0 (0.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.1 (0.4) |
9.6 (3.8) |
20.7 (8.1) |
80.0 (31.5) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 20.0 | 17.3 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 14.5 | 12.4 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 8.6 | 15.6 | 21.6 | 19.6 | 178.5 |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 18.4 | 15.2 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 14.5 | 12.4 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 8.6 | 15.5 | 21.0 | 17.1 | 171.3 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 3.4 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 5.1 | 17.2 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 15:00 LST)
|
88.3 | 77.5 | 65.8 | 58.6 | 59.4 | 57.7 | 52.7 | 47.7 | 52.5 | 70.8 | 83.6 | 87.5 | 66.8 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 24.3 | 58.1 | 111.8 | 150.5 | 191.4 | 193.8 | 262.8 | 262.6 | 195.8 | 103.1 | 35.0 | 22.1 | 1,611.2 |
Percent possible sunshine | 9.0 | 20.4 | 30.4 | 36.6 | 40.3 | 40.0 | 53.7 | 58.8 | 51.6 | 30.7 | 12.7 | 8.6 | 32.8 |
Source: |
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Port Alberni had a population of 18,259 living in 8,451 of its 8,919 total private dwellings, a change of 3.3% from its 2016 population of 17,678. With a land area of 19.66 km2 (7.59 sq mi), it had a population density of 928.7/km2 (2,405.4/sq mi) in 2021.[21]
The median household income in 2005 for Port Alberni was $43,624.
One major characteristic known is the twin city demographic, where previously there were the distinct Port Alberni and Alberni municipalities, the remnants remain with two distinct city centres.
Ethnicity
Panethnic group |
2021[22] | 2016[23] | 2011[24] | 2006[25] | 2001[26] | 1996[27] | 1991[28][29] | 1986[30][31][32]: 105 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | ||||
European[b] | 13,975 | 77.81% | 13,290 | 76.73% | 14,400 | 82.81% | 14,295 | 82.51% | 14,320 | 81.67% | 15,235 | 83.48% | 14,875 | 81.42% | 15,175 | 83.72% | |||
Indigenous | 2,860 | 15.92% | 3,030 | 17.49% | 2,205 | 12.68% | 2,050 | 11.83% | 2,320 | 13.23% | 1,410 | 7.73% | 1,920 | 10.51% | 1,465 | 8.08% | |||
South Asian | 465 | 2.59% | 495 | 2.86% | 385 | 2.21% | 665 | 3.84% | 590 | 3.36% | 1,165 | 6.38% | 1,025 | 5.61% | 1,170 | 6.46% | |||
East Asian[c] | 230 | 1.28% | 285 | 1.65% | 205 | 1.18% | 155 | 0.89% | 190 | 1.08% | 275 | 1.51% | 295 | 1.61% | 280 | 1.54% | |||
Southeast Asian[d] | 140 | 0.78% | 90 | 0.52% | 70 | 0.4% | 30 | 0.17% | 35 | 0.2% | 45 | 0.25% | 45 | 0.25% | 15 | 0.08% | |||
African
|
115 | 0.64% | 55 | 0.32% | 60 | 0.35% | 45 | 0.26% | 50 | 0.29% | 65 | 0.36% | 40 | 0.22% | 0 | 0% | |||
Latin American | 75 | 0.42% | 20 | 0.12% | 30 | 0.17% | 50 | 0.29% | 20 | 0.11% | 30 | 0.16% | 60 | 0.33% | 20 | 0.11% | |||
Middle Eastern[e] | 20 | 0.11% | 25 | 0.14% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 10 | 0.05% | 0 | 0% | |||
Other/Multiracial[f] | 80 | 0.45% | 35 | 0.2% | 30 | 0.17% | 35 | 0.2% | 10 | 0.06% | 25 | 0.14% | — | — | — | — | |||
Total responses | 17,960 | 98.36% | 17,320 | 97.97% | 17,390 | 98.01% | 17,325 | 98.73% | 17,535 | 98.8% | 18,250 | 97.17% | 18,270 | 98.63% | 18,125 | 99.36% | |||
Total population | 18,259 | 100% | 17,678 | 100% | 17,743 | 100% | 17,548 | 100% | 17,748 | 100% | 18,782 | 100% | 18,523 | 100% | 18,241 | 100% | |||
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses |
Religion
According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Port Alberni included:[22]
- Irreligion (11,365 persons or 63.3%)
- Christianity (5,785 persons or 32.2%)
- Sikhism (215 persons or 1.2%)
- Hinduism (125 persons or 0.7%)
- Buddhism (110 persons or 0.6%)
- Indigenous Spirituality(85 persons or 0.5%)
- Islam (70 persons or 0.4%)
- Judaism(30 persons or 0.2%)
Religious group | 2021[22] | 2011[24] | 2001[26] | 1991[citation needed] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
Christian | 5,785 | 32.21% | 7,650 | 43.98% | 9,300 | 53.04% | 12,000 | 65.68% |
Sikh | 215 | 1.2% | 265 | 1.52% | 425 | 2.42% | 725 | 3.97% |
Hindu | 125 | 0.7% | 20 | 0.11% | 145 | 0.83% | 225 | 1.23% |
Buddhist | 110 | 0.61% | 120 | 0.69% | 45 | 0.26% | 50 | 0.27% |
Indigenous spirituality
|
85 | 0.47% | 35 | 0.2% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Muslim | 70 | 0.39% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
Jewish
|
30 | 0.17% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 15 | 0.08% |
Other religion | 180 | 1% | 105 | 0.6% | 140 | 0.8% | 30 | 0.16% |
Irreligious | 11,365 | 63.28% | 9,195 | 52.86% | 7,475 | 42.63% | 5,225 | 28.6% |
Total responses | 17,960 | 98.36% | 17,395 | 98.04% | 17,535 | 98.83% | 18,270 | 99.28% |
Health and education
Public education is offered by
The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates one Francophone primary school: école des Grands-cèdres.[33] It also provides a French-English school.
Health services are provided in town by Westcoast General Hospital, operated by the Vancouver Island Health Authority (VIHA).[34]
Economy
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
The chief source of industry in Port Alberni is forestry, commercial fishing, and tourism.
Port Alberni also serves as a hub for those travelling to the West Coast of Vancouver Island, including
Salmon
A team of salmon enhancement volunteers and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans have worked to improve salmon habitats throughout the Alberni Valley, adding a Coho hatchery at the McLean Mill National Historic Site, in addition to the successful Robertson Creek Hatchery on the Stamp River. Port Alberni was awarded the World Fishing Network's “Ultimate Fishing Town” designation in 2010.
Attractions
This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
Port Alberni sits beneath Mount Arrowsmith and is almost completely surrounded by mountains. These mountains provide hiking, walking, and mountain biking trails. It also provides an opportunity to view wildlife, including deer and black bears.
The city is also known for its fishing. Its waters contain five different species of salmon and yearly runs of steelhead. Halibut can also be found in the saltwater inlets near the city.
The state-of-the-art Robertson Creek Fish Hatchery is the most successful hatchery on Vancouver Island, producing chinook salmon, coho salmon, and steelhead smolts. It is located a short drive west of Port Alberni.[38] and is open to the public.
Port Alberni is home to the
The world's largest
Besides the offers from nature, the city has two quays, Harbour Quay and Victoria Quay include shops, restaurants, and art galleries along the inlet. On some autumn evenings, when the inlet's tide is low, black bears can be spotted looking for fish on the other side of Victoria Quay.
The
Della Falls, the 16th tallest waterfall in Canada (442 m (1,450 ft)), is accessible by boat from Great Central Lake or by helicopter.[41] Helicopters are not allowed to land in Strathcona Provincial Park.
Hiking trails around Port Alberni
The Port Alberni area has several
- Horne Lake Trail
- Log Train Trail
- Angler's Trail at Stamp River
- Rogers Creek Trail
- Inlet Trail
- Labour Day Lake Trail
- Greenmax Anglers Trail
- China Creek Trail
- Climb Mount Arrowsmith
- Della Falls Trail
- Kitsukis Dyke Walking Path
- Old Forestry Lookout Trail
- Saddle Trail on Mount Arrowsmith
Transportation
Port Alberni Airport (CBS8) is located 11 km (6.8 mi) north west of the city. The airport has a 4,000 ft (1,200 m) runway with another additional 2,500 ft (760 m) of taxiways and apron. The airport is home to a number of key tenants, including Coulson Aircrane, Canadian Aero Technologies, Alberni Valley Flying Club and Vancouver Island Helicopters.
The main highway to Port Alberni is
Port Alberni is served by the Island Rail Corridor branch line from Parksville known as the Port Alberni Subdivision.
Port operations
The Port of Port Alberni regularly receives large oceangoing cargo vessels, such as the Hong Kong-based OYSTER BAY and the Bergen-based STAR LINDESNES, as well as tugs, fishing boats, and search and rescue vessels.[42]
The Port Alberni Port Authority was created in 1999. Under the Canada Marine Act, the Port Alberni Port Authority is responsible for the Alberni Inlet from the Somass River[43] to Tzartus Island.[44]
Notable people
- Paul Boyd, Canadian and American television journalist (Inside Edition)
- Kim Campbell, 19th Prime Minister of Canada from 25 June to 4 November 1993; the first woman to hold this office.
- George Clutesi (1905–1988) became a Tseshaht artist, actor and writer as well as an expert on and spokesman for First Nations cultures. In 1959, he received the British Columbia Centennial Award and the Canada Centennial Medal in 1967.[45] He was commissioned to paint a mural for Expo 67. Emily Carr was so impressed with his work that in her will she left him her brushes, oils and unused canvases. He died in Victoria in 1988.
- Travis Cross, Olympic wrestler
- Wilhelm Alexander, German born painter, art instructor, and television host.
- Paul Cyr, drafted into the NHL by the Buffalo Sabres in the first round (9th overall) in 1982.
- David Dziurzynski, Ottawa/ Binghamton Senators NHL/ AHL forward.
- Leo, Gerry and Myles Fitzgerald (born August 26, 1993[1]) are Canadian former child actors and current ice hockey players best known for their joint roles as Sylvester (Sly) and Whit in the 1999 film, Baby Geniuses.[2] They also appeared in the sequel, Superbabies: Baby Geniuses 2, in 2004.
- Leonard Frank, photographer
- Laurent Brossoit, NHL player with the Winnipeg Jets.
- Rick Hansen, Canadian paraplegic athlete and activist for people with spinal cord injuries who is most famous for his Man in Motion world tour to raise money for the cause and show the physical capabilities of such people.
- Jim Hiller, current assistant coach of the National Hockey League's Toronto Maple Leafs.[46]
- Eric Jespersen, bronze medalist at the 1992 Olympics
- 1986 World Cup.
- Dakota Morton, youngest Canadian radio host; created the record and set it on January 16, 1999, at the age of 10 years 218 days. Record was awarded while Dakota was hosting his radio show at CJAV radio in Port Alberni.
- Kenneth Oppel, Canadian writer of the Silverwing & Matt Cruse series.[47]
- LA Kings
- NHLas an official since September 1, 1984
- Alec Thomas, fisherman, trapper, longshoreman, logger, “anthropologist”, interpreter, and Tseshaht politician.[48]
- Harry Zolnierczyk, Nashville Predators forward
- Jim Robson, the iconic voice of the Vancouver Canucks, started his legendary broadcasting career in Port Alberni [49]
- Bryer Schmegelsky and Kam McLeod, primary suspects of the UBCprofessor, and were subjects of a nationwide manhunt.
See also
- Alberni Valley Heritage Network
- Bainbridge Lake
- CJAV-FM 93.3 (known on-air as "The Peak")
- Cox Lake (British Columbia)
- MyAlberni[55][56]
Notes
- ^ Climate data was recorded at Port Alberni from July 1917 to December 1971 and at Port Alberni Airport from November 1969 to present.
- ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
References
- ^ Archer, Christon. "ALBERNI, PEDRO DE". Library and Archives Canada.
- ^ "Hupačasath First Nation | Alberni Valley, BC". Hupačasath First Nation. Retrieved 2019-05-10.
- ^ Christie, Doug (1 January 2004). "Looking West: Historical Overview of the Industry in BC". Pulp and Paper Canada. Archived from the original on 9 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ "Alberni Valley Tourism".
- ^ The M7.3 Vancouver Island Earthquake of 1946 Archived 2006-04-18 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-06-11
- ^ 1946 Vancouver Island Earthquake Anniversary Retrieved on 2008-06-11
- ^ Indian and Northern Affairs Canada Archived 2003-05-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Residential School Dorm to be demolished Tuesday". CTV News.
- ^ "Alberni Athletics Senior A men's basketball team welcomed into BC Sports Hall of Fame in 1955". Archived from the original on October 9, 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Remembering the 1964 Port Alberni Tsunami". Global News.
- ^ "Port Alberni Celebrates 50th Anniversary of Amalgamation". Alberni Valley News.
- ^ "Website of Port Alberni Parks & Recreation".
- ^ Vancouverisland.com "Broken Group Islands, Pacific Rim, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada". Archived from the original on 2010-08-18. Retrieved 2010-01-09.
- ^ "Lytton B.C. sets all-time Canadian heat record for third day in a row". Global TV. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
- Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Calculation Information for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Normals Data". Environment Canada. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
- Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for October 2022". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
- ^ a b c Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-10-27). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2015-11-27). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-08-20). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-07-02). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-07-02). "Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1996 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-03-29). "1991 Census Area Profiles Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions - Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-03-29). "Data tables, 1991 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (24), Showing Single and Multiple Origins (2) - Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-27). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part A". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-27). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "Canada's aboriginal population by census subdivisions from the 1986 Census of Canada". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britanique. Retrieved on 22 January 2015.
- ^ VIHA Central Island Facilities. Retrieved 2011-10-24
- ^ "Community Profile". City of Port Alberni. 2014-03-25. Retrieved 2022-05-24.
- ^ a b "Community Profile". City of Port Alberni. 2014-03-25. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
- ^ "Our Mills: Port Alberni, BC" (PDF). Catalyst Paper. May 2014. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ Robertson Creek Fish Hatchery
- ^ Alberni heritage[dead link]
- ^ Environment, Ministry of. "Sproat Lake Provincial Park - BC Parks". www.env.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
- ^ Della Falls. (2019). In Britannica Online Academic Edition. Retrieved from http://academic.eb.com/levels/collegiate/article/29837
- ^ "Port of PORT ALBERNI (CA PAB) details – Departures, Expected Arrivals and Port Calls | AIS Marine Traffic". MarineTraffic. MarineTraffic.com. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
- ^ Somass River
- ^ Portalberni Portauthority
- ^ Native American Authors: George Clutesi profile, October 9, 2007.
- ^ "Maple Leafs add three assistant coaches to staff - Sportsnet.ca".
- ISBN 0-9735514-0-2
- ^ Alec Thomas profile Archived 2006-11-22 at the Wayback Machine, tseshaht.com; accessed March 1, 2014.
- ^ "Jim Robson", Wikipedia, 2019-05-21, retrieved 2019-07-31
- ^ "Follow ⋆ Lauren Spencer-Smith".
- ^ "Vancouver Island singer's new song becomes TikTok sensation". 4 August 2021.
- ^ "Vancouver Island's American Idol releases her first original song". August 2021.
- ^ "FINGERS-CROSSED"-FOR-INDIE-BREAKOUTS ""Fingers Crossed" for Indie Breakouts (Update)".
- ^ "Track Review: Lauren Spencer-Smith, "Fingers Crossed"". 6 January 2022.
- ^ "Alberni businesses in BC award finals". Port Alberni Valley News. 7 February 2015.
- ^ Alemany, Chris (24 June 2014). "Port Alberni? There's an App for that! And… Signing off for a couple weeks". Alberniweather.
External links
- Official website
- Port Alberni travel guide from Wikivoyage