Portal:California

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most populous city and the nation's second-most, after New York. California's capital, Sacramento, is located in the Central Valley

.
Prior to
admitted as the 31st state in 1850, as a free state, following the Compromise of 1850
.
Downtown San Francisco and Downtown Los Angeles, California retains one of the largest number of Fortune 500 companies. (Full article...
)

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scenic highway through the alluvial plain of the Sacramento River, linking SR 4 in Antioch with Sacramento via the Antioch Bridge. The northern section, separated from the southern by Sacramento city streets, is the North Sacramento Freeway, running from the 16th Street Bridge over the American River to Interstate 80 Business towards Roseville
.
This northern section was deleted from the definition in the Streets and Highways Code in 2003, when the relinquished portion through downtown Sacramento was also removed, but it is still maintained and signed by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) as SR 160. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various California-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A Southern Pacific Train at Arcade Depot, Los Angeles, 1891 (from History of California)

Image 2Gaspar de Portolá served as the first Governor of the Californias and led the famed Portolá expedition of 1769-70. (from History of California)

Image 3Junípero Serra conducting the first mass in Monterey Bay in 1770. (from History of California)

Image 4The Battle of San Pasqual in 1846. (from History of California)

Image 5The 1562 map of the Americas, created by Spanish cartographer Diego Gutiérrez, which applied the name California for the first time. (from History of California)

Image 6Depiction of the Donner Party heading west on the California Trail. (from History of California)

Image 7Flag of
U.S. Civil War. (from History of California
)

Image 8
Theodor De Bry, 1590. (from History of California
)

Image 9Map of Spain's
coast of California. (from History of California
)

Image 10The Vallecitos stop of the Butterfield Overland Mail, in Julian, California. (from History of California)

Image 11California's first State Capitol building in San Jose, which served as the capital of California 1850–51. (from History of California)

Image 12The University of California, Berkeley is the flagship school of the University of California system. (from Culture of California)

Image 13Depiction of the revolt of the Mission Indians against padre Luis Jayme at Mission San Diego de Alcalá in 1775. (from History of California)

Image 14Goldfields in the Sierra Nevada and Shasta Cascade. (from History of California)

Image 15California was often depicted as an island, due to the Baja California peninsula, from the 16th to the 18th centuries, such as in this 1650 map by cartographer Johannes Vingboons. (from History of California)

Image 16Presidio of Santa Barbara. (from Culture of California)

Image 17
California Gold Rush. He served as inspiration for Zorro, the famed Californian bandit-hero. (from History of California
)

Image 18
Anza Expeditions. (from History of California
)

Image 19The 1846
Bear Flag Revolt declared the California Republic and prefaced the American conquest of California. (from History of California
)

Image 20
Concord Coach no. 251 in Wells Fargo livery in Old Town San Diego. (from History of California
)

Image 21Between 1846 and 1873, U.S. government agents waged an extermination campaign against
Indigenous Californians, known as the California genocide, resulting in as many as 100,000 deaths. (from History of California
)

Image 22Stanford University Oval (from Culture of California)

Image 23General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo reviewing his troops in Sonoma in 1846. (from History of California)

Image 24Poppies, Antelope Valley, a
Benjamin Chambers Brown (from Culture of California
)

Image 25Depiction of the California hide trade. (from History of California)

Image 26Portrait of an "assimilated" Maidu man in Sacramento, 1867. (from History of California)

Image 27The Spanish founded Mission San Juan Capistrano in 1776, the third to be established of the Californian missions. (from History of California)

Image 28The American capture of San Diego by the USS Cyane in 1846 (from History of California)

Image 29Presidio of San Francisco, founded by José Joaquín Moraga in 1776. (from History of California)

Image 30The 1835 Manifiesto a la República Mejicana, by José Figueroa, was the first book published in California (from Culture of California)

Image 31Founded by Vicente Francisco de Sarría in 1817, Mission San Rafael Arcángel, was the last mission founded during the Spanish period. (from History of California)

Image 32Portrait of a
Californio in traditional vaquero clothing. Californios benefitted immensely by the establishment of the ranchos of California, following the Mexican secularization act of 1833. (from History of California
)

Image 33Forces raising the U.S. flag over the
Monterey Customhouse following their victory at the Battle of Monterey (from History of California
)

Image 34The railway station in
Sacramento in 1874. (from History of California
)

Image 35General
Military Governor of California (1847–1849), overseeing California's transition into statehood. (from History of California
)

Image 36Bilingual English-Spanish sign in the Colorado Desert of Southern California. (from Culture of California)

Image 37In-N-Out burgers (from Culture of California)

Image 38Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, founded in 1771 by padres Pedro Benito Cambón and Ángel de la Somera. (from History of California)

Image 39Dividing the Light (2007), a skyspace by James Turrell at Pomona College (from Culture of California)

Image 40Manuel Domínguez built Domínguez Adobe on Rancho San Pedro in 1826. (from History of California)

Image 41Angustias de la Guerra played a crucial role in defending women's property rights during the drafting of the Constitution of California. (from History of California)

Image 42The Petaluma Adobe, built by General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo in 1836 on Rancho Petaluma. (from History of California)

Image 43"Independent Gold Hunter on His Way to California", c. 1850 (from History of California)

Image 44Mission San Francisco Solano, founded in 1823 by order of Governor Luis Antonio Argüello, was the last Californian mission established. (from History of California)

Image 45Advertisement for sailing to California, c. 1850. (from History of California)

Image 46Balthazar, Inhabitant of Northern California, an 1818 portrait of a Miwok man by artist Mikhail Tikhanov. (from History of California)

Image 47The Battle of Río San Gabriel, in 1847, was a decisive victory for the American campaign in Alta California. (from History of California)

Image 48San Francisco harbor, c. 1850–51. (from History of California)

Image 49
coast of California into the Pacific Northwest. (from History of California
)

Image 50SS California (1848), the first paddle steamer to steam between Panama City and San Francisco, as part of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company. (from History of California)

Image 51Pacheco Adobe, built 1835 by Salvio Pacheco on Rancho Monte del Diablo. (from History of California)

Image 52The colonial coat of arms of the Californias, granted by Antonio de Mendoza, the first Viceroy of New Spain. (from History of California)

Image 53Map of the Butterfield Overland Mail routes through California, c. 1858. (from History of California)

Image 54Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo, established in 1770, was the headquarters of the Californian mission system from 1797 until 1833. (from History of California)

Image 55Mission Santa Barbara, founded in 1786, was the first mission to be established by Fermín de Lasuén. (from History of California)

Image 56Map of the route taken by the
Anza Expedition of 1775–76, from the Presidio of Tubac to San Francisco Bay. (from History of California
)

Image 57The Treaty of Cahuenga, signed at the Campo de Cahuenga in 1847 by Californio general Andrés Pico and American general John C. Frémont, proclaimed a ceasefire under an American victory. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed a year later in 1848, officially ended the Mexican–American War and formally ceded Alta California to the United States. (from History of California)

Image 58The Getty Villa (from Culture of California)

Image 59While slavery was abolished in California by Mexican authorities in 1829, the first California State Legislature under U.S. statehood passed the 1850 Indian Indenture Act, which allowed for the forced labor of indigenous Californians by Americans. (from History of California)

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There is science, logic, reason; there is thought verified by experience. And then there is California.
— Edward Abbey

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Image 1

conspiracy to commit murder for the deaths of seven people, including the film actress Sharon Tate. The prosecution contended that, while Manson never directly ordered the murders, his ideology constituted an overt act of conspiracy.

Before the murders, Manson had spent more than half of his life in correctional institutions. While gathering his cult following, he was a singer-songwriter on the fringe of the Los Angeles music industry, chiefly through a chance association with Dennis Wilson of the Beach Boys, who introduced Manson to record producer Terry Melcher. In 1968, the Beach Boys recorded Manson's song "Cease to Exist", renamed "Never Learn Not to Love" as a single B-side, but without a credit to Manson. Afterward, Manson attempted to secure a record contract through Melcher, but was unsuccessful. (Full article...
)

Image 2

Martin with the Yankees in 1954

Alfred Manuel Martin Jr. (May 16, 1928 – December 25, 1989), commonly called "Billy", was an American Major League Baseball second baseman and manager who, in addition to leading other teams, was five times the manager of the New York Yankees. First known as a scrappy infielder who made considerable contributions to the championship Yankee teams of the 1950s, he then built a reputation as a manager who would initially make bad teams good, before ultimately being fired amid dysfunction. In each of his stints with the Yankees he managed them to winning records before being fired by team owner George Steinbrenner or resigning under fire, usually amid a well-publicized scandal such as Martin's involvement in an alcohol-fueled fight.

Martin was born in a working-class section of Berkeley, California. His skill as a baseball player gave him a route out of his home town. Signed by the Pacific Coast League Oakland Oaks, Martin learned much from Casey Stengel, the man who would manage him both in Oakland and in New York, and enjoyed a close relationship with Stengel. Martin's spectacular catch of a wind-blown Jackie Robinson popup late in Game Seven of the 1952 World Series saved that series for the Yankees, and he was the hitting star of the 1953 World Series, earning the Most Valuable Player award in the Yankee victory. He missed most of two seasons, 1954 and 1955, after being drafted into the Army, and his abilities never fully returned; the Yankees traded him after a brawl at the Copacabana club in New York during the 1957 season. Martin bitterly resented being traded, and did not speak to Stengel for years, a time during which Martin completed his playing career with various teams. (Full article...)

Image 3

Sierra Nevada and Montana's Glacier National Park. He also set a speed climbing record on California's Mount Shasta in 1923.
The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley has 1467 articles written by Clyde in its archives. (Full article...
)

Image 4
government official, and close associate and friend of President Richard Nixon during much of the 37th President's political career. He served as campaign manager for the future president's successful runs for the United States Senate in 1950 and for the vice presidency in 1952, and managed the campaigns of other California Republicans. He was active in each of Nixon's two successful runs for the White House in low-profile positions.

Chotiner was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; his father moved the family to California and then abandoned his wife and children. Murray Chotiner attended UCLA, and graduated from the Southwestern School of Law. He practiced law in Los Angeles, and branched out into public relations. Involving himself in Republican politics, he played an active part in several political campaigns and made an unsuccessful run for the California State Assembly in 1938. (Full article...
)

Image 5

halls of fame. (Full article...
)

Image 6

Eastwood in 2010

Clinton Eastwood Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor and film director. After achieving success in the Western TV series Rawhide, Eastwood rose to international fame with his role as the "Man with No Name" in Sergio Leone's Dollars Trilogy of spaghetti Westerns during the mid-1960s and as antihero cop Harry Callahan in the five Dirty Harry films throughout the 1970s and 1980s. These roles, among others, have made Eastwood an enduring cultural icon of masculinity. Elected in 1986, Eastwood served for two years as the mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California.

Eastwood's greatest commercial successes are the adventure comedy Every Which Way but Loose (1978) and its action comedy sequel Any Which Way You Can (1980). Other popular Eastwood films include the Westerns Hang 'Em High (1968), The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976) and Pale Rider (1985), the action-war film Where Eagles Dare (1968), the prison film Escape from Alcatraz (1979), the war film Heartbreak Ridge (1986), the action film In the Line of Fire (1993), and the romantic drama The Bridges of Madison County (1995). More recent works include Gran Torino (2008), The Mule (2018), and Cry Macho (2021). Since 1967, Eastwood's company Malpaso Productions has produced all but four of his American films. (Full article...)

Image 7

Meyer in 1996 (photo by Roger Ebert)

Russell Albion Meyer (March 21, 1922 – September 18, 2004) was an American film director, producer, screenwriter, cinematographer, and editor. He is known primarily for writing and directing a series of successful sexploitation films that featured campy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, such as Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill!. Meyer often named Beyond the Valley of the Dolls (1970) as his definitive work. (Full article...)

Image 8

quantum tunneling. With his students, he also made contributions to the theory of neutron stars and black holes, quantum field theory, and the interactions of cosmic rays. (Full article...
)

Image 9

Maddow in 2018

Rachel Anne Maddow (/ˈmædoʊ/ ^ⓘ, MAD-oh; born April 1, 1973) is an American television news program host and liberal political commentator. Maddow hosts The Rachel Maddow Show, a weekly television show on MSNBC, and serves as the cable network's special event co-anchor. Her syndicated talk radio program of the same name aired on Air America Radio from 2005 to 2010.

Maddow has received multiple Emmy Awards for her broadcasting work and in 2021 received a Grammy Award for the audiobook version of Blowout (2019). (Full article...)

Image 10

Disney in 1990

Roy Edward Disney KCSG (January 10, 1930 – December 16, 2009) was an American businessman. He was the longtime senior executive for the Walt Disney Company, which was founded by his uncle, Walt Disney, and his father, Roy O. Disney. At the time of his death, he held more than 16 million shares (about 1% of the company), and served as a consultant for the company, as well as director emeritus for the board of directors. During his tenure, he organized ousting of the company's top two executives: Ron W. Miller in 1984 and Michael Eisner in 2005.

As the last member of the Disney family to be actively involved in the company, Disney was often compared to his uncle and to his father. In 2006, Forbes magazine estimated his personal fortune at $1.2 billion. (Full article...)

Image 11

exposé The People of the Abyss, War of the Classes, and Before Adam. (Full article...
)

Image 12

Caroline Agnes Brady (also known as Caroline Agnes Von Egmont Brady; October 3, 1905 – November 5, 1980) was an American philologist who specialised in Old English and Old Norse works. Her works included the 1943 book The Legends of Ermanaric, based on her doctoral dissertation, and three influential papers on the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf. She taught at the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University, and Harvard University, among other places.

Brady was born an American citizen in Tientsin, China, and traveled frequently as a child, spending time in Los Angeles, California, British Columbia, and Austin, Texas. She studied in the University of California system, receiving her bachelor's and master's degrees, and her Ph.D. in 1935. She next became an English instructor at that university's College of Agriculture, and worked as an assistant professor of languages and literature at Berkeley from 1941 to 1946. The following three years were spent at the University of Pennsylvania, until, at the end of 1949, Brady moved to teach at Central Oregon Community College; her resignation due to "ill health" was announced a few months later. After being named the 1952–53 Marion Talbot Fellow of the American Association of University Women and writing two articles, Brady's scholarship ceased for a quarter of a century. In 1979, and posthumously in 1983, her final two articles were published. (Full article...)

Image 13

British Academy Film Award, and three Golden Globe Awards. As of 2019,^[update] his films have grossed over $7.2 billion worldwide, and he has been placed eight times in annual rankings of the world's highest-paid actors.

Born in Los Angeles, DiCaprio began his career in the late 1980s by appearing in television commercials. In the early 1990s, he had recurring roles in various television shows, such as the sitcom Parenthood, and had his first major film part as author Tobias Wolff in This Boy's Life (1993). He received critical acclaim and his first Academy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations for his performance as a developmentally disabled boy in What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993). DiCaprio achieved international stardom with the star-crossed romances Romeo + Juliet (1996) and Titanic (1997). After the latter became the highest-grossing film in the world at the time, he reduced his workload for a few years. In an attempt to shed his image of a romantic hero, DiCaprio sought roles in other genres, including the 2002 crime dramas Catch Me If You Can and Gangs of New York; the latter marked the first of his many successful collaborations with director Martin Scorsese. (Full article...
)

Image 14

Knight in June 2007

Marion Hugh "Suge" Knight Jr. (/ʃʊɡ/ SHUUG; born April 19, 1965) is an American record executive and convicted felon who is the co-founder and former CEO of Death Row Records. Knight was a central figure in gangsta rap's commercial success in the 1990s. This feat is attributed to the record label's first two album releases: Dr. Dre's The Chronic in 1992 and Snoop Dogg's Doggystyle in 1993. Knight is currently serving a 28-year sentence in prison for a fatal hit-and-run in 2015.

Before founding Death Row Records, Knight played college football at UNLV as a defensive end. He briefly played in the NFL for the Los Angeles Rams as a replacement player during the 1987 NFL players strike. (Full article...)

Image 15

20th Century Fox and Columbia Pictures. After a series of minor film roles, she signed a new contract with Fox in late 1950. Over the next two years, she became a popular actress with roles in several comedies, including As Young as You Feel and Monkey Business, and in the dramas Clash by Night and Don't Bother to Knock. Monroe faced a scandal when it was revealed that she had posed for nude photographs prior to becoming a star, but the story did not damage her career and instead resulted in increased interest in her films. (Full article...
)

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... that some California schoolchildren build dioramas when learning about their state's Spanish missions?

... that David Burbank, a dentist, founded Burbank, California?

... that Frederick E. Olmsted was instrumental in the creation of nineteen national forests and the Muir Woods National Monument in California?

... that beginning in 2024, some California stores will be required to have a gender-neutral children's section?

... that in 2023, car manufacturer Rivian acquired the historic Lynn Theatre in Laguna Beach, California, and converted it into its first showroom?

... that one of the founders of a public TV station in California gave 92 speeches in 90 days during a fundraising drive?

... that the San Gregorio Fault comes ashore in only two places in northern California, one of which is between Pillar Point Bluff and Moss Beach?

... that in the late 2000s the Campbell Soup Company began producing a spicier canned cheese sauce in their California and Texas plants than they did elsewhere to cater for different consumer tastes?

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San Francisco at Sunset

Credit: Digon3

The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 14th most populous city in the United States, with a 2007 estimated population of 764,976. One of the most densely populated major American cities, San Francisco is part of the much larger San Francisco Bay Area, which is home to approximately 7.2 million people.

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State facts

Nicknames: The Golden State

Capital: Sacramento

Total area: 163,696 mi²
Land: 156,002 mi²

Water: 7,694 mi²

Highest elevation: 14,505 ft (Mount Whitney)

Population 39,250,017 (2016 est)

Admission to the Union: September 9, 1850 (31^st)

State symbols:

Insect:
California Dogface Butterfly

Bird: California Valley Quail

Fossil:
Saber-toothed cat

Dance: West Coast Swing

Colors: Blue & Gold

Animal:
California Grizzly Bear

Flower:
California Poppy

Gem: Benitoite

Rock: Serpentine

Fish: California Golden Trout

Songs: I Love You, California

Tree:
California Redwood

Mineral: Gold

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