T-Mobile International AG
Product type | Telecommunications |
---|---|
Owner | Deutsche Telekom |
Introduced | 1996 |
Discontinued |
|
Markets |
|
T-Mobile is the brand name used by some of the mobile communications subsidiaries of the German telecommunications company Deutsche Telekom AG in the Czech Republic (T-Mobile Czech Republic), Poland (T-Mobile Polska) and the United States (T-Mobile US).
The T-Mobile brand was introduced in 1996 and the name was previously used by subsidiaries in other countries, including Austria (now
In 1999, Deutsche Telekom formed the holding company T-Mobile International AG for its mobile communications subsidiaries.[1] From 2003 to 2007, T-Mobile International was one of Deutsche Telekom's services, in addition to "Broadband/Fixnet", "Business Customers" and "Group HQ and Shared Services". In 2009, Deutsche Telekom transformed its structure to adopt a regional setup (Germany, Europe, US). By combining its previously separated fixed and mobile subsidiaries to form integrated local businesses, T-Mobile International itself was merged into Deutsche Telekom AG.[2]
When T-Mobile International AG existed, the holding company was based in Bonn, Germany, and its subsidiaries operated GSM-, UMTS- and LTE-based cellular networks in Europe, the United States, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The company had financial stakes in mobile operators in both Central and Eastern Europe. Globally, T-Mobile International's subsidiaries had a combined total of approximately 230 million subscribers. It was the world's thirteenth-largest mobile-phone service provider by subscribers, and the fourth-largest multinational after the UK's Vodafone, India's Airtel, and Spain's Telefónica.[3]
History
Germany's first mobile-communications services were radiotelephone systems that were owned and operated by the state postal monopoly, Deutsche Bundespost. It launched the analog first-generation C-Netz ("C Network", marketed as C-Tel), Germany's first true mobile phone network in 1985.[4]
On 1 July 1989, West Germany reorganized Deutsche Bundespost[5] and consolidated telecommunications into a new unit, Deutsche Bundespost Telekom.[6][7] On 1 July 1992, it began to operate Germany's first GSM network, along with the C-Netz, as its DeTeMobil subsidiary. The GSM 900 MHz frequency band was referred to as the "D-Netz", and Telekom named its service D1; the private consortium awarded the second license (now Vodafone Germany) chose the name D2.[8] Deutsche Bundespost Telekom was renamed Deutsche Telekom AG on 1 January 1995 as part of phase two of the German communications reform.[6] This process of deregulation continued in November 1996, when DT was privatized and had the largest European IPO at the time, with the stock abbreviation 'DT 1'.[6][8][9]
In December 1999, T-Mobile International AG & Co. KG holding company was founded (later renamed T-Mobile International AG). In 2002, as DT consolidated its international operations, it anglicized the T-Mobil name to T-Mobile.
On 5 July 2005 Deutsche Telekom transformed its structure and adopted a regional setup (Germany, Europe, US). Where available, the local mobile businesses were combined with the respective local wireline businesses to follow the integrated business approach. In 2009 T-Mobile International AG was merged into Deutsche Telekom AG.
On 16 August 2021, T-Mobile announced that a hacker had illegally accessed more than 76 million Americans’ private data,[10][11] with an American hacker named John Binns later claiming responsibility.[12] Several class action lawsuits have been filed in relation to the data breach.[13][14] In July 2022, T-mobile agreed to a $350 million settlement during the company's hearing at Missouri federal court, in relation to the data breach and subsequent class action litigation. The $350 million settlement will include $25,000 in reimbursement for the losses to organisations, compensation to the victims of the data breach of $25 per hour and to provide two-year subscriptions to identity theft services and $150 million on improving data security.[15]
On 19 January 2023, T-Mobile said it first identified a bad actor had obtained the data of 37 million customers [16] via an unauthorized API (starting on or around 25 November 2022). The data included the name, billing address, email, phone number, date of birth, T-Mobile account number, and information such as the number of lines on the account and plan features.
Operations
Country | Operator | Number of customers (in millions)[17] |
---|---|---|
Austria | Magenta Telekom |
5.066 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | HT Eronet (JP Hrvatske telekomunikacije d.d. Mostar) (39.10% shares held by Hrvatski Telekom) | 0.4 |
Croatia | Hrvatski Telekom (51.71%) | 2.273 |
Czech Republic | T-Mobile Czech Republic | 6.205 |
Germany | Telekom Deutschland GmbH | 50.272 |
Greece | Cosmote (Cosmote Mobile Telecommunications S.A.) 100.00% (shares held by OTE ) |
6.935 |
Hungary | Magyar Telekom Nyrt. (60.49%) | 5.503 |
Montenegro | Crnogorski Telekom A.D. (76.53% shares held by Hrvatski Telekom) | 0.3 |
North Macedonia | Makedonski Telekom AD (59.21% shares held by Magyar Telekom) | 1.2 |
Poland | T-Mobile Polska | 11.290 |
Romania | Telekom Romania Mobile (99.99% shares held by OTE) | 3.539 |
Slovakia | Slovak Telekom | 2.479 |
United States | T-Mobile US | 104.789 |
Austria
Until 2000, Magenta Telekom (known then as T-Mobile) was a shareholder of the former max.mobil. network. In April 2001, it acquired one hundred percent and subsequently introduced the T-Mobile brand in Austria by rebranding max.mobil. in April 2002 as T-Mobile Austria. It later rebranded again to Magenta Telekom on 6 May 2019, after acquiring the Austrian operations of UPC from Liberty Global in December 2017.
In 2005, it acquired former competitor tele.ring from Western Wireless International. It is now used as a discount brand. tele.ring is an Austrian mobile network operator. Since it was bought by Magenta Telekom (then T-Mobile) in 2006, it is no longer a legally independent company. Tele.ring is administratively independent and now acts primarily as a discount-offer, similar to Yesss and
Croatia
T-Mobile entered the Croatian market in October 1999 when DT initially acquired a thirty-five percent interest in
Czech Republic
T-Mobile was previously known as Paegas in the Czech Republic. T-Mobile Czech Republic a.s. has been operating in the Czech market since 1996.[18] As of 31 December 2014, 6 million customers were using T-Mobile services.[19]
T-Mobile Czech Republic a.s. operates a public mobile communications network on the
Germany
Germany's initial mobile communications services were radiotelephone systems that were owned and operated by the state postal monopoly, Deutsche Bundespost. These early mobile communications networks were referred to as the "A" and "B" networks.
Deutsche Bundespost Telekom built Germany's first cellular mobile network, an analog, first-generation system referred to as the "C" network or C-Netz. The network became operational in 1985 and services were marketed under the C-Tel brand. Following German reunification in 1990, the "C" network was extended to the former East Germany.
On 1 July 1992, Deutsche Bundespost Telekom's DeTeMobil subsidiary began operating Germany's first
In 1996, DT began to brand its subsidiaries with the T- prefix, renaming the DeTeMobil subsidiary T-Mobil and rebranding the GSM cellular network T-D1. C-Netz was renamed to T-C-Tel. The T-C-Tel / C-Netz services were fully discontinued in 2000.
D1 introduced prepaid service called Xtra in 1997.[21]
Despite the numerous changes in subsidiary names and brands, Germans sometimes continue to use the T-D1 name within Germany and refer to T-Mobile as D1. On 1 April 2010, after the T-Home and T-Mobile German operations merged to form Telekom Deutschland GmbH, a wholly owned DT subsidiary; the T-Mobile brand was discontinued in Germany and replaced with the Telekom brand.[22]
Hungary
On 1 May 2004, the same day as Hungary joined the
North Macedonia
In Republic of North Macedonia, T-Mobile was previously known as Mobimak. The company has been operating in the Macedonian market since 1996. On 7 September 2006, Mobimak accepted the international T-Mobile branding. By June 2007, T-Mobile reached one million subscribers, out of which 85 percent were active and using their services. T-Mobile MK covers 98 percent of the population. It has a GSM 900 licence, offers GPRS, MMS and mobile internet services using T-Mobile HotSpots and has implemented the EDGE fast mobile internet specification. T-Mobile Macedonia applied for a UMTS licence on 1 August 2007. From 1 July T-Mobile ceased to exist as a legal entity and was replaced by the Telekom brand. The carrier name is now Telekom.mk. The codes are 070/071/072.
Montenegro
The T-Mobile brand entered the Montenegrin market in 2006 through the acquisition of MoNet GSM mobile provider. T-Mobile Montenegro (T-Mobile Crna Gora) is fully owned by
MoNet GSM launched on July 1, 2000, as part of
Netherlands
Deutsche Telekom entered the Dutch market by the acquisition of Ben on 20 September 2002. In 2007, T-Mobile Netherlands, a wholly owned subsidiary of T-Mobile International, acquired Orange Netherlands from France Télécom for EUR 1.33 billion. This makes it the third largest mobile telephone operator in the country behind KPN and Vodafone.
As part of an acquisition of
Poland
T-Mobile Polska serves over thirteen million customers,[25] and owns licenses for 900, 1800, 2100 MHz bands which are used for GSM, WCDMA and LTE.[26] Formerly Era, rebranding took place[27] on 5 June 2011. T-Mobile Poland with Orange Polska have consolidated their infrastructure and used this opportunity to roll out 3G coverage using 900 MHz band.[28]
Romania
Telekom Romania Mobile Communications S.A. is a mobile network company in Romania, wholly owned by OTE, which in turn is controlled by Deutsche Telekom, operating under Telekom brand. Telekom Romania Mobile had 3.5 million subscribers with 15% market share as of July 2021.
Slovakia
The T-Mobile brand entered the
The Telekom network provides services on three networks GSM (900/1800 MHz), UMTS (2100 MHz), Flash OFDM (450 MHz). Mobile data services are provided on 4G, 3G, GSM network with EDGE extension and on UMTS with DC-HSPA+ 42 Mbit/s[29] and HSUPA 5,8 Mbit/s. Flash OFDM is one of two commercially successfully launched solely data networks in the world. It supports upload speed up to 5.8 Mbit/s.
United Kingdom
T-Mobile UK started life as Mercury One2One, the world's first GSM 1800 mobile network.[30] It was originally operated by the now-defunct Mercury Communications.[31] Later known simply as one2one, it was purchased by DT in 1999[32] and rebranded as T-Mobile in 2002.[33]
T-Mobile offered both
In late 2007, it was confirmed that the
T-Mobile UK and Orange UK announced on 15 February 2015 the sale of EE to BT Group for £12.5B and to take shares of 12% within the BT Group as part of the deal.
United States
T-Mobile US provides wireless voice, messaging, and data services in the United States mainland including
The company owns licences to operate a 1900 MHz
T-Mobile US, Inc. traces its roots to the 1994 establishment of
After a failed attempt by
Merger with Sprint
On 29 April 2018, T-Mobile and
As part of the merger, T-Mobile US acquired
Marketing
The company prominently uses the color magenta in its marketing and is known to pursue legal action against other companies who attempt to use similar shades for their advertising.[63]
The five-note T-Mobile audio logo was composed by Lance Massey[64] in 1999, and was originally part of the song ("Hello Hola" by Clan Chi) used to promote DT's Tour de France bicycle team.
Sponsorships
T-Mobile, specifically the T-Mobile US subsidiary in the United States, holds the naming rights to T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip near Las Vegas, to T-Mobile Center in Kansas City and to T-Mobile Park in Seattle.[65]
T-Mobile's parent company,
T-Mobile co-sponsored
T-Mobile also has banner ads at some matches of Mexico's top association football league, Liga MX, despite not having a presence in that country.[66]
Since 2016, the wireless company has sponsored the Major League Baseball
See also
- Electronic Beats
- Microsoft data loss 2009
- Open Handset Alliance
- T-Mobile Ekstraklasa
- T-Mobile Team
- T-Online
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External links
- Media related to T-Mobile at Wikimedia Commons