V for Vendetta

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the graphic novel. For the film, see V for Vendetta (film). For other uses, see V for Vendetta (disambiguation).

V for Vendetta
Vertigo (DC Comics)
France
Delcourt
Brazil
Abril Jovem
Panini Comics
Creative team
WriterAlan Moore
Artists
LettererSteve Craddock
ColouristSteve Whitaker
Siobhan Dodds
David Lloyd
Editors
Original publication
Issues10
Date of publicationMarch 1982 – May 1989
ISBN0-930289-52-8

V for Vendetta is a British

concentration camps, and now rules the country as a police state
.

The comics follow the story's title character and protagonist, V, an anarchist revolutionary dressed in a Guy Fawkes mask, as he begins an elaborate and theatrical revolutionist campaign to kill his former captors, bring down the fascist state, and convince the people to abandon fascism in favour of anarchy, while inspiring a young woman, Evey Hammond, to be his protégée.

DC Comics sold more than 500,000 copies of the graphic novel in the United States by 2006.

third season featuring predecessors to V wearing Guy Fawkes masks.[11]

Publication history

The first episodes of V for Vendetta appeared in black-and-white between 1982 and 1985, in Warrior, a British anthology comic published by Quality Communications. The strip was one of the least popular in that title; editor/publisher Dez Skinn remarked, "If I'd have given each character their own title, the failures would have certainly outweighed the successes, with the uncompromising 'V for Vendetta' probably being an early casualty. But with five or six strips an issue, regular [readers] only needed two or three favorites to justify their buying the title."[12]

When the publishers cancelled Warrior in 1985 (with two completed issues unpublished due to the cancellation), several companies attempted to convince Moore and Lloyd to let them publish and complete the story. In 1988, DC Comics published a ten-issue series that reprinted the Warrior stories in colour, then continued the series to completion. The first new material appeared in issue No. 7, which included the unpublished episodes that would have appeared in Warrior No. 27 and No. 28. Tony Weare drew one chapter ("Vincent") and contributed additional art to two others ("Valerie" and "The Vacation"); Steve Whitaker and Siobhan Dodds worked as colourists on the entire series.

Collected editions

The entire series has appeared

ISBN 1-4012-2361-3); this includes newly coloured "silent art" pages (full-page panels containing no dialogue) from the series' original run, which have not previously appeared in any previous collected edition.[13]

Background

David Lloyd's paintings for V for Vendetta in Warrior first appeared in black and white.[14]

Cover of Warrior #19, highlighting the comic's conflict between anarchist and fascist philosophies.

In writing V for Vendetta, Moore drew upon a comic strip idea submission that the DC Thomson scriptwriting competition rejected in 1975: "The Doll", which involved a transgender terrorist in white face makeup, who fought a totalitarian state during the 1980s.[15]

Years later, Skinn reportedly invited Moore to create a dark mystery strip with artist David Lloyd.[16] V for Vendetta was intended to recreate something similar to their popular Marvel UK Night Raven strip in a 1930s noir.[17] They chose against doing historical research and instead set the story in the near future rather than the recent past.[18]

Then V for Vendetta emerged, putting the emphasis on "V" rather than "Vendetta". David Lloyd developed the idea of dressing V as Guy Fawkes[19] after previous designs followed the conventional superhero look. During the preparation of the story, Moore made a list of what he wanted to bring into the plot, which he reproduced in "Behind the Painted Smile":

British Second World War films. The Prisoner. Robin Hood. Dick Turpin...[20]

The influence of such a wide number of references has been thoroughly demonstrated in academic studies,[21] above which dystopian elements stand out, especially the similarity with George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four in several stages of the plot.[22]

The political climate of Britain in the early 1980s also influenced the work,[23] with Moore positing that Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government would "obviously lose the 1983 elections", and that an incoming Michael Foot-led Labour government, committed to complete nuclear disarmament, would allow the United Kingdom to escape relatively unscathed after a limited nuclear war. However, Moore felt that fascists would quickly subvert a post-nuclear holocaust Britain.[20] V, an anarchist, initially tortures and murders members of the fascist government, but as the story develops, Moore deliberately made V's actions "very, very morally ambiguous" with the aim that "I didn't want to tell people what to think, I just wanted to tell people to think."[17] The Guy Fawkes analogy was deliberate, with Moore pointing out in a 2012 interview that Britain has a history of "making heroes out of criminals or people who in other centuries might have been regarded as terrorists", desiring a similar ambiguity for a protagonist reviled as a villain by the Britain of his fictional 1990s.[24]

Moore's scenario remains untested. Addressing historical developments when DC reissued the work, he noted:

Naïveté can also be detected in my supposition that it would take something as melodramatic as a near-miss nuclear conflict to nudge Britain towards fascism... The simple fact that much of the historical background of the story proceeds from a predicted Conservative defeat in the 1983 General Election should tell you how reliable we were in our roles as Cassandras.[25]

Plot

Book 1: Europe After the Reign

On Guy Fawkes Night in London in 1997, a financially desperate 16-year-old, Evey Hammond, sexually solicits men who are actually members of the state secret police, called "The Finger". Preparing to rape and kill her, the Fingermen are dispatched by

American nuclear missiles, it faced environmental devastation and famine due to the nuclear winter. After a period of lawlessness in which Evey's mother died, the remaining corporations and fascist groups took over England and formed a new totalitarian government, Norsefire. Evey's father, a former socialist
, was arrested by the regime.

Meanwhile, Eric Finch, a veteran detective in charge of the regular police force ("The Nose"), begins investigating V's terrorist activities. Finch often communicates with the other top government officials, collectively known as "The Head." These individuals include Derek Almond, who supervises the Finger, and

paedophile priest, whom V forces to commit suicide by eating a poisoned communion wafer
. He prepares to murder Dr. Delia Surridge, a medical researcher who once had a romance with Finch. Finch suddenly discovers the connection among V's three targets: they all used to work at Larkhill. That night, V kills both Almond and Surridge. Surridge leaves a diary revealing that V—a former inmate and victim of Surridge's cruel medical experiments—destroyed and fled the camp and is now eliminating the camp's former officers for what they did. Finch reports these findings to Susan, and suspects that this vendetta may actually be a cover for V, who, he worries, may be plotting an even bigger terrorist attack.

Book 2: This Vicious Cabaret

Four months later, V breaks into Jordan Tower, the home of Norsefire's propaganda department, "the Mouth"—led by Roger Dascombe—to broadcast a speech that calls on the people to resist the government. V escapes using an elaborate diversion that results in Dascombe's death. Finch is soon introduced to Peter Creedy, the Finger's new head, who provokes Finch to strike him and thus get sent on a forced vacation. Evey takes shelter at the house of a man named Gordon, who found her on the street. While originally platonic, they eventually build a romantic relationship. Evey and Gordon unknowingly cross paths with Rose Almond, the widow of the recently killed Derek. After Derek's death, Rose had reluctantly begun a relationship with Dascombe. With both of her lovers murdered, she is forced to perform demoralizing burlesque work, increasing her hatred of the unsupportive government.

When a Scottish gangster named Ally Harper murders Gordon, a vengeful Evey interrupts a meeting between Harper and Creedy, the latter of whom is buying the support of Harper's thugs in preparation for a coup d'état. Evey attempts to shoot Harper but is suddenly abducted and then imprisoned. Amidst interrogation and torture, Evey finds an old letter hidden in her cell by an inmate named Valerie Page, a film actress who was imprisoned and executed for being a lesbian and documented her experiences in the letter.

Evey's interrogator finally gives her a choice of collaboration or death; inspired by Valerie's letter, Evey refuses to collaborate and, expecting to be executed, is instead told that she is free. Stunned, Evey learns that her supposed imprisonment is a hoax constructed by V so that she could experience an ordeal similar to the one that shaped him at Larkhill. He reveals that Valerie was a real Larkhill prisoner who died in the cell next to his and that the letter is not a fake. Evey forgives V, who has hacked into the government's Fate computer system and started emotionally manipulating Adam Susan with mind games. Consequently, Susan, who has formed a bizarre romantic attachment to the computer, begins to descend into madness.

Book 3: The Land of Do-As-You-Please

The following 5 November (1998), V blows up the

LSD to conjure up memories of his own devastating past and to put his mind in the role of a prisoner of Larkhill, like V, to help give him an intuitive understanding of V's experiences. Returning to London, Finch suddenly deduces that V's lair is inside the abandoned Victoria Station
, which he enters.

V takes Finch by surprise, resulting in a scuffle that sees Finch shoot V, and V wounds Finch with a knife. V claims that he cannot be killed since he is only an idea and that "ideas are bulletproof"; regardless, V is indeed mortally wounded and returns to the Shadow Gallery deeper within, dying in Evey's arms. Evey considers unmasking V but decides not to, realizing that V is not an identity but a symbol. She then assumes V's identity, donning one of his spare costumes. Finch sees the large amount of blood that V has left in his wake and deduces that he has mortally wounded V. Occurring concurrently to this, Creedy has been pressuring Susan to appear in public, hoping to leave him exposed. Sure enough, as Susan stops to shake hands with Rose during a parade, she shoots him in the head in vengeance for the death of her husband and the life she has had to lead since then. Following Rose's arrest, Creedy assumes emergency leadership of the country, and Finch emerges from the subway proclaiming V's death.

Due to his LSD-induced epiphany, Finch leaves his position within "the Nose." The power struggle between the remaining leaders results in all of their deaths: Harper betrays and kills Creedy at the behest of Helen Heyer (wife of "the Eye" leader Conrad Heyer, who had outbid Creedy for Harper's loyalty), and Harper and Conrad Heyer kill each other during a fight precipitated by Heyer's discovery that his wife Helen had had an affair with Harper.

With the fate of the top government officials unknown to the public, Stone acts as leader of the police forces deployed to ensure that the riots are contained should V remain alive and make his promised public announcement. Evey appears to a crowd, dressed as V, announcing the destruction of

Viking funeral
. She abducts Stone, apparently to train him as her successor to make sure people like Susan will never hold power ever again. The book ends with Finch quietly observing the chaos raging in the city and walking down an abandoned motorway whose lights have all gone out.

Norsefire government

Main article: Norsefire

The highest-level officials in the Norsefire government form a council known as "The Head." The five individual departments are named after sensory organs or appendages that reference their functions.

Norsefire government officials in V for Vendetta
Branch Head Eye Ear Nose Finger Mouth
Function Leadership Video Surveillance Audio Surveillance Investigative
(New Scotland Yard) 		Executive
(Secret Police) 		Propaganda[a]
Leader Adam James Susan[b] Conrad Heyer[c] Brian 'Bunny' Etheridge[d] Eric Finch[e] Derek Almond[f] Roger Dascombe[g]
Peter Creedy[h][i]
Partner
Fate[j]
 Helen Heyer[k] Mrs. Etheridge Delia Anne Surridge[l] Rosemary Almond —[m]
Dies Bk 3 Ch 7[b] Bk 3 Ch 10[c] Bk 3 Prologue[d] — (Almond) Bk 1 Ch 10[f] Bk 2 Ch 4[g]
(Creedy) Bk 3 Ch 8[i]
Notes
  1. ^ The Voice of Fate as broadcast by the Mouth was provided by Lewis Prothero, former commander of Larkhill Resettlement Camp, driven incurably insane by V in Book 1, Chapter 5.
  2. ^ a b Shot by Rosemary Almond.
  3. ^ a b Abandoned by Helen Heyer to exsanguinate following struggle with Ally Harper, gangster from Scotland.
  4. ^ a b Dies in explosion of Post Office Tower.
  5. ^ Assisted by Dominic Stone, who fills as leader of The Nose in for Finch during the latter's forced holiday after Finch was goaded into striking Peter Creedy.
  6. ^ a b Stabbed by V when confronted at Dr. Surridge's apartment.
  7. ^ a b Shot by Fingermen as a decoy.
  8. ^ Temporarily elevated to Emergency Commander in the wake of Susan's death.
  9. ^ a b Killed by Ally Harper using a straight razor.
  10. ^ As explained in Bk 1 Ch 5.
  11. ^ Abandoned by Finch to "louts" at the conclusion of Bk 3 Ch 11.
  12. ^ Medical researcher at Larkhill. Poisoned by V in Bk 1 Ch 10.
  13. ^ Dascombe pressures the widowed Rosemary Almond into a relationship.

Themes and motifs

The two conflicting political viewpoints of anarchism and fascism dominate the story.[27]

Moore stated in an interview that V is designed as an enigma, as Moore "didn't want to tell people what to think" but wanted them to consider some extreme events that have recurred throughout history.[17]

Adaptations

Film

Main article: V for Vendetta (film)

In December 2005 Warner Bros. released a feature-film adaptation of V for Vendetta, directed by James McTeigue from a screenplay by the Wachowskis. Natalie Portman stars as Evey Hammond and Hugo Weaving (replacing James Purefoy) as V.[28]

Alan Moore distanced himself from the film, as he has with other screen adaptations of his works. He ended co-operation with his publisher, DC Comics, after its corporate parent, Warner Bros., failed to retract statements about Moore's supposed endorsement of the movie.[29]

After reading the script, Moore remarked:

[The movie] has been turned into a

neoconservatives – which is not what the comic V for Vendetta was about. It was about fascism, it was about anarchy, it was about England.[30]

He later adds that if the Wachowskis had wanted to protest about what was going on in the United States, then they should have used a political narrative that directly addressed the issues of the US, similar to what Moore had done before with Britain. The film arguably changes the original message by having removed any reference to actual anarchism in the revolutionary actions of V. An interview with producer Joel Silver reveals that he identifies the V of the comics as a clear-cut "superhero... a masked avenger who pretty much saves the world", a simplification that goes against Moore's own statements about V's role in the story.[31]

Co-author and illustrator David Lloyd, by contrast, embraced the adaptation.[32] In an interview with Newsarama he states:

It's a terrific film. The most extraordinary thing about it for me was seeing scenes that I'd worked on and crafted for maximum effect in the book translated to film with the same degree of care and effect. The "transformation" scene between Natalie Portman and Hugo Weaving is just great. If you happen to be one of those people who admires the original so much that changes to it will automatically turn you off, then you may dislike the film—but if you enjoyed the original and can accept an adaptation that is different to its source material but equally as powerful, then you'll be as impressed as I was with it.[33]

novelisation of the film's screenplay, published in 2006.[34]

Television

Main article: Pennyworth (TV series)

On 4 October 2017, it was announced that

third season, set five years after the first two seasons.[38]

Legacy

The February 1999 issue of The Comics Journal ran a poll on "The Top 100 (English-Language) Comics of the Century": V for Vendetta reached 83rd place.[39]

On 5 November 2019, the

100 most influential novels.[40]

Cultural impact

Further information: Guy Fawkes mask
a protest against Scientology
in London in 2008

Since the film adaptation, hundreds of thousands of

Time Warner owns the rights to the image and is paid a fee with the sale of each official mask.[42][43]

computer hacking, popularized the mask as a symbol for rebellion by wearing it at protests against governments. It prominently featured in the 2008 Project Chanology protests against the Church of Scientology.[44][45] Moore described being pleased by the Fawkes mask's appearance at the protests.[46]

According to Time in 2011, the protesters' adoption of the mask led to it becoming the top-selling mask on Amazon, selling hundreds of thousands a year.[47]

The film allegedly inspired some of the Egyptian youth before and during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.[48][49][50][51]

On 23 May 2009, protesters dressed up as V and set off a fake barrel of gunpowder outside Parliament while protesting over the

issue of British MPs' expenses.[52]

During the

Occupy protests, the mask appeared internationally[53] as a symbol of popular revolution. Artist David Lloyd stated: "The Guy Fawkes mask has now become a common brand and a convenient placard to use in protest against tyranny—and I'm happy with people using it, it seems quite unique, an icon of popular culture being used this way."[54]

On 17 November 2012, police officials in Dubai warned against wearing Guy Fawkes masks painted with the colours of the UAE flag during any celebration associated with the UAE National Day (2 December), declaring such use an illegal act after masks went on sale in online shops for 50 DHS.[55]

Guy Fawkes masks also made an appearance in the 2014 Hong Kong protests[56] and also in 2019.[57]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ISBN 978-1628941418
    . [Norsefire's] goal is to lead the country that I love out of the Twentieth century. I believe in survival. In the destiny of the Nordic race.
  2. ^ Call, Lewis (1 January 2008). "A IS FOR ANARCHY, V IS FOR VENDETTA". Anarchist Studies. 16 (2): 154–172. Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. V for Vendetta offers a clever, insightful look at the rise of fascism. The fascist 'Norsefire' party takes advantage of the power vacuum which occurs as the liberal British state collapses in the aftermath of the nuclear war.
  3. ISBN 978-1614640844
    . Britain, however, survives under the cold, watchful eye of the Norsefire government, a fascist regime that took control amidst the chaos and confusion after the war.
  4. ^ Madelyn Boudreaux. "An Annotation of Literary, Historic, and Artistic References in Alan Moore's Graphic Novel, V For Vendetta". Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 25 October 2008. ...make Britain great again....This is typically "nationalistic" sentiment.... It was this sentiment, taken to its extremes, that drove Hitler's Nationalist Socialist (Nazi) Workers' Party to try to rid Germany of "non-Germans".
  5. ISBN 0-930289-52-8
    . My name is Adam Susan. I am the leader. Leader of the lost, ruler of the ruins. I am a man, like any other man... I am not loved, I know that. Not in soul or body. I have never known the soft whisper of endearment. Never known the peace that lies between the thighs of woman. But I am respected. I am feared. And that will suffice. Because I love. I, who am not loved in return. I have a love that is far deeper than the empty gasps and convulsions of brutish coupling. Shall I speak of her? Shall I speak of my bride? She has no eyes to flirt or promise. But she sees all. Sees and understands with a wisdom that is Godlike in its scale. I stand at the gates of her intellect and I am blinded by the light within. How stupid I must seem to her. How childlike and uncomprehending. Her soul is clean, untainted by the snares and ambiguities of emotion. She does not hate. She does not yearn. She is untouched by joy or sorrow. I worship her though I am not worthy. I cherish the purity of her disdain. She does not respect me. She does not fear me. She does not love me. They think she is hard and cold, those who do not know her. They think she is lifeless and without passion. They do not know her. She has not touched them. She touches me, and I am touched by God, by Destiny. The whole of existence courses through her. I worship her. I am her slave.
  6. ^ "The V for Vendetta Graphic Novel is a National Bestseller". WarnerMedia. 30 March 2006. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020.
  7. ^ a b Gomez, Manny (29 July 2019). "EPIX'S Pennyworth: Setting Up 60's DC London And The Road To V For Vendetta – SDCC2019". LRMonline. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2019. "The arcing story this season is about a civil war that is brewing, and that came from a conversation from myself and Bruno [Heller] where we were considering doing V for Vendetta, we were like "that is much a very 80's 90's kind of show, what would it be in the 60's?' What kind of world would be have to create, like in Gotham there would eventually be Batman in this there would eventually be V for Vendetta [Norsefire and V]. So we took that brewing civil war as a stepping stone". – Danny Cannon
  8. ^ a b Heller, Bruno (11 December 2020). (Video) Pennyworth: Bruno Heller Talks Season 2, V For Vendetta, & The War That Breaks London. CBR Presents. Archived from the original on 14 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2020 – via YouTube. The V For Vendetta world conceptually – it's [like] where this world may or may not end up. What [V for Vendetta creators Alan Moore, David Lloyd and Tony Weare] did so well was to create a [Fascist] version of England that felt like England. It wasn't Nazi Germany imposed on that world. It was very much the parochial, familiar world of England transformed into something dark. That's what we've tried to do, and what [Cannon] did so brilliantly with the visuals, particularly in this season. It's England with this shadow across its face." – Bruno Heller
  9. ^ a b Zachary, Brandon (13 December 2020). "(Article) Pennyworth: Bruno Heller Talks Season 2, V For Vendetta, & The War That Breaks London". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on 13 December 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  10. ^ a b Harper, Rachael (5 February 2021). "Pennyworth Season Two Secrets: What's It All About, Alfie?". SciFiNow. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2021. One of the few stories that have been told in this kind of world is V For Vendetta [and] conceptually, this [civil war is a] prequel to V For Vendetta. God, I wouldn't hold us up against Alan Moore, but with comic books you have to find a throughline, and that's very political [for Pennyworth]. Quoting Bruno Heller.
  11. ^ Barsanti, Sam (8 September 2022). "Trailer for the third season of Pennyworth has a truly confounding comic book cameo". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  12. ^ Harvey, Allan (June 2009). "Blood and Sapphires: The Rise and Demise of Marvelman". Back Issue! (34). TwoMorrows Publishing: 71.
  13. ^ a b "'Absolute V For Vendetta' to feature 100 additional pages at no extra cost" (Press release). Comic Book Resources. 3 February 2009. Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
  14. ^ Barnett, David (27 December 2016). "V for Vendetta is a manual for rebellion against injustice". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  15. ^ Moore 1995, p. 268.
  16. ^ Brown, Adrian (2004). "Headspace: Inside The Mindscape of Alan Moore". Ninth Art. Archived from the original (http) on 20 October 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2006.
  17. ^ a b c Alan Moore (March 2006). "A for Alan, Part 1". The Beat (Interview). Interviewed by Heather MacDonald. Mile High Comics. Archived from the original on 4 April 2006. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  18. ISBN 1-893905-24-1. Archived
    from the original on 2 June 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
  19. ^ Moore, Alan (8 March 2012). "Alan Moore on Anonymous' rise". BBC News. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  20. ^ a b Moore, Alan (1983). "Behind the Painted Smile". Warrior (17).
  21. ISBN 978-0-7864-3467-1
    .
  22. ^ Galdon Rodriguez, Angel (2011). George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four as an Influence on Popular Culture Works: V for Vendetta and 2024. Albacete: Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
  23. ^ Boudreaux, Madelyn (1994). "Introduction". An Annotation of Literary, Historic and Artistic References in Alan Moore's Graphic Novel, "V for Vendetta". Archived from the original on 8 March 2006. Retrieved 6 April 2006.
  24. ^ "Alan Moore HARDtalk interview". YouTube.
  25. ^ Moore, Alan, Introduction. V for Vendetta. New York: DC Comics, 1990.
  26. ^ Moore, Alan (w), Lloyd, David (p). "V for Vendetta" V for Vendetta, vol. 10, p. 28/6 (May 1989). DC Comics.
  27. ^ "Authors on Anarchism — an Interview with Alan Moore". Strangers in a Tangled Wilderness. Infoshop.org. Archived from the original on 12 September 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
  28. ^ "V for Vendetta (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2005.
  29. ^ "Moore Slams V for Vendetta Movie, Pulls LoEG from DC Comics". Comic Book Resources. 22 April 2006. Archived from the original on 26 October 2008.
  30. ^ "Alan Moore: The last angry man". MTV. 2006. Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 30 August 2006.
  31. ^ Douglas, Edward (2006). "V for Vendetta's Silver Lining". Comingsoon.net. Archived from the original on 18 April 2006. Retrieved 6 April 2006.
  32. ^ "V at Comic Con". Archived from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2006.
  33. ^ "David Lloyd: A Conversation". Newsarama. Archived from the original on 24 May 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2006.
  34. ^ "Steve Moore – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. London. 13 April 2014. Archived from the original on 12 September 2017.
  35. ^ Johnson, Rich (4 October 2017). "SCOOP: Channel 4 Developing A 'V For Vendetta' TV Series". BleedingCool.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  36. ^ Kade, Leigh (19 July 2019). "New "Pennyworth" Series Confirmed Same Universe as "Gotham"". Bleeding Cool. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
  37. ^ Heller, Bruno (12 October 2020). Pennyworth Season Two Cast & Producer Interview – EPIX. Popverse. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020 – via YouTube.
  38. ^ Barsanti, Sam (8 September 2022). "Trailer for the third season of Pennyworth has a truly confounding comic book cameo". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  39. ^ The Comics Journal No. 210, February 1999, page 44
  40. ^ "100 'most inspiring' novels revealed by BBC Arts". BBC News. 5 November 2019. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2019. The reveal kickstarts the BBC's year-long celebration of literature.
  41. ^ "Story and Symbol: V for Vendetta and OWS". Psychology Today. 4 November 2011. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  42. ^ Carbone, Nick (29 August 2011). "How Time Warner Profits from the 'Anonymous' Hackers". Time. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
  43. ^ Bilton, Nick (28 August 2011). "Masked Protesters Aid Time Warner's Bottom Line". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  44. ISSN 0362-4331
    .
  45. ^ Thompson, Nick (4 November 2011). "Guy Fawkes mask inspires Occupy protests around the world". CNN. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  46. ^ Gopalan, Nisha (21 July 2008). "Alan Moore Still Knows the Score!". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
  47. ^ Carbone, Nick (29 August 2011). "How Time Warner Profits from the 'Anonymous' Hackers". Time. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  48. ^ "V for Vendetta": The Other Face of Egypt's Youth Movement Archived 7 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Jadaliyya
  49. ^ اليوم السابع | V» for Egypt» Archived 23 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Youm7.com; retrieved 12 August 2013.
  50. ^ ريفيو فيلم: V for Vendetta :: مجلة مِصّرِي :: حين قامت ثوره 25 يناير السنة الماضية ساند مسيرة الثوره الكثير من الفنانين من مختلف الميادين، واسترجع الشباب اشعار نجم واغانى إمام Archived 28 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Myegyptmag.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-12.
  51. ^ V for Vendetta masks: From a 1980s comic book to the Egyptian revolution – Stage & Street – Arts & Culture – Ahram Online Archived 13 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. English.ahram.org.eg; retrieved 12 August 2013.
  52. ^ "News report". BBC News. 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 29 May 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  53. ^ "V for vague: Occupy Sydney's faceless leaders". The Sydney Morning Herald. 14 October 2011. Archived from the original on 22 June 2012.
  54. ^ Waites, Rosie (20 October 2011). "V for Vendetta masks: Who". BBC News. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  55. ^ Barakat, Noorhan (17 November 2012). "Vendetta masks in UAE colours draw warning". Gulf News. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  56. ^ "HK protesters scuffle with police". BBC News. 6 November 2014. Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
  57. ^ "Hong Kong protesters defy the mask ban – in pictures". The Guardian. 7 October 2019. Archived from the original on 16 April 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2019.

Bibliography

  • Moore, Alan (1995) [1st pub. 1983]. "Behind the Painted Smile". V for Vendetta. New York: Vertigo. pp. 267–276.
    ISBN 0-930289-52-8
    .

Further reading

External links

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