2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election
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All 126 seats in the Assam Legislative Assembly 64 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 84.72% (8.68pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results of the election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Assam Legislative Assembly Election of 2016 was held in two phases, on 4 and 11 April 2016, to elect members of the 126 constituencies in Assam, a state in North-eastern India.[1] The overall voter turnout was 84.72%, which set a new record for Assam.[2][3] The turnout was an increase from the 2011 Assembly election figure of 75%.[4]
The counting of votes and results declaration was completed on 19 May 2016. The election brought a change of power as the Indian National Congress (INC), which had formed the government under Tarun Gogoi since 2001, lost its majority to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP, lit "Indian People's Party") led by Sarbananda Sonowal. Sonowal became the first elected BJP chief minister in the Northeast, and his victory marked the start of other BJP victories in the Northeast, a region traditionally ruled by regional parties or the INC.
Background
The prior Assam assembly ended on 5 June 2016.
Electoral process
An update to the
The effort was intended to detect and deport the illegal migrants who came from neighbouring Bangladesh on or after 25 March 1971.[12] Since 1985, Foreigners' Tribunals have declared over 38,000 persons in Assam as illegal migrants. Nearly 1.5 lakh (150,000) names in Assam's electoral rolls carry the prefix "D" for "Doubtful" citizenship status.[13] The Supreme Court directed the Assam Government to complete the final NRC by 1 March 2016.[14][15] In May 2015, the historic India–Bangladesh land swap deal was signed, exchanging long-standing territorial enclaves and simplifying the border.[16]
According to the draft electoral rolls published in October 2015, the total number of voters in Assam stands at 1.92 crores (19.2 million). The Election Commission said that final electoral rolls would be published by 11 January 2016.
Religion data
According to the
Out of 32 districts of Assam, 11 are Muslim majority according to the 2011 census.[21] The districts are Dhubri, Goalpara, Barpeta, Morigaon, Nagaon, Hojai, Karimganj, South Salmara–Mankachar, Hailakandi, Darrang and Bongaigaon.[22][23][24] Bodos have a population share of 12% and the Kaibarta and Jal Keot have a total share of about 10% (all of which are a part of the indigenous Assamese community).[25] The share of the indigenous Assamese communities in Assam was about 47% in the 2001 census which has reduced to about 40-45% in 2016 as predicted by experts. Indigenous Assamese Muslims, also known as Khilonjia Muslims, include ethnic groups such as Goria and Moria, and are estimated to be around 40 lakhs in population out of a total 1 crore (4 million out of 10 million) Muslims in Assam.[26]
Campaign
In November 2015,
In December 2015,
In November 2015, nine members of the legislative assembly left the INC and joined BJP.
On 28 December 2015,
In January 2016, the Gogoi government announced rice prices at
Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed a rally in Kokrajhar on 19 January 2016, after his visit to Sikkim on 18 January 2016.[57] Modi formally announced the alliance of Bodoland People's Front (BPF) with BJP in Assam.[58]
On 28 January, the BJP Parliamentary Board announced Sarbananda Sonowal as their Chief Ministerial candidate of Assam.[59] Union minister of state for commerce and industry Nirmala Sitharaman accused Gogoi of spreading misinformation on the suspension of the North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy (NEIIPP), 2007.[60] Ethnic groups of Assam sought ULFA pro-talks faction headed by founding general secretary Anup Chetia to help them receive ST designation.[61][62]
Modi arrived on 5 February to first attend the 85th conference of the Srimanta Sankaradeva Sangha at the erstwhile Ahom capital of Sivasagar. Then he addressed a rally at Moran.[63][64][65] Modi dedicated the Assam gas cracker project at Dibrugarh[66] and inaugurated the 2016 South Asian Games in Guwahati on 5 February.[67]
On 2 March, the BJP announced its alliance with AGP.[68] AGP was given 24 seats.[69] Gogoi announced a special package of Rs 3,000 cr (Rs 30 billion) for Barak Valley.[70] Gandhi visited Assam for two days, 4–5 March 2016, and addressed public meetings in Silchar and Nagaon.[71] On 6 March 2016, INC allied with Bodo-heartland-based United People's Party in a strategy to counter BJP's alliance with BPF.[72]
On 10 March, BJP declared candidates for the first phase of Assam elections.
On 12 February 2016, the Election Commission of India announced that 10 assembly constituencies in Assam will have 2300 voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines attached along with electronic voting machines (EVMs).[85]
Schedule
The dates of the election were announced on 4 March 2016. (In previous elections, all 140 constituencies went to polls on the same day.)[86]
The polling was held in two phases, on 4 and 11 April 2016. The counting was scheduled for 19 May 2016 for both phases.[87]
Schedule of polling and results[87] | |
---|---|
Phase 1 | 4 April 2016 |
Phase 2 | 11 April 2016 |
Counting of votes and result | 19 May 2016 |
Assembly constituencies of Assam having EVMs[87]
| ||
---|---|---|
Silchar | Dhubri | Bongaigaon |
Goalpara East | Jalukbari | Dispur |
Gauhati East | Guahati West | Tezpur |
Jorhat |
Opinion polls
When conducted | Ref | Polling organisation/Agency | Sample size | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | BJP+ | AIUDF | Other | ||||
April 2016 | [88] | India TV-C Voter | NA | 53 |
55 |
12 |
6 |
March 2016 | [89] | Nielsen
|
NA | 36 |
78 |
10 |
2 |
March 2016 | [90] | AVC | NA | 40 |
48-54 |
25 |
0 |
January 2016 | [91][92][93] | India TV-C-Voter | NA | 44 |
57 |
19 |
6 |
Exit polls
Agency | INC+ | BJP+ | AIUDF | Others | Ref.[94] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
News Nation | 47-51 | 63-67 | 7-11 | NA | [95] |
C Voter | 41 | 57 | 18 | 10 | [96] |
Chanakya | 27 | 90 | 9 | NA | [96] |
ABP Nielsen | 33 | 81 | 10 | 2 | [96] |
NDTV Poll of Polls | 37 | 73 | 12 | 4 | [96] |
Voting
Voter turnout was 84.72%.[97] 87.03% polling was recorded in the second phase, the highest in Assam's history.[98][99] One person was killed by police in Assam.[100] 189 EVMs were replaced in the final phase due to technical issues.[101] A total of 1,064 candidates contested the elections – 122 from INC, 89 from BJP, 74 from AIUDF, 30 from AGP, 13 from the BPF, 15 from CPI, 19 from CPM, 205 others and 497 Independents. The total number of polling stations in Assam was 24,890, spread across 50 election districts.
Result
Parties and Coalitions | Popular vote | Seats | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vote | % | +/- | Contested | Won | +/- | ||||
Bharatiya Janata Party | NDA | 4,992,185 | 29.5 | 84 | 60 | 55 | |||
Asom Gana Parishad | 1,377,482 | 8.1 | 24 | 14 | 4 | ||||
Bodoland People's Front | 666,057 | 3.9 | 16 | 12 | |||||
Rabha Jatiya Aikya Manch | 1 | 0 | |||||||
Tiwa Jatiya Aikya Manch | 1 | 0 | |||||||
Indian National Congress | UPA | 5,238,655 | 30.9 | 122 | 26 | 52 | |||
United People's Party Liberal | 4 | 0 | |||||||
All India United Democratic Front | G.A | 2,207,945 | 13.0 | 74 | 13 | 5 | |||
Janata Dal (United) | 12,538 | 0.07 | 4 | 0 | |||||
Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Left | 93,508 | 0.55 | 19 | 0 | ||||
Communist Party of India | 37,243 | 0.22 | 15 | 0 | |||||
Independents | 1,867,531 | 11.04 | 496 | 1 | 2 | ||||
Total | 16919364 | 100.0 | 126 | ||||||
Valid votes | |||||||||
Invalid votes | |||||||||
Votes cast / turnout | |||||||||
Abstentions | |||||||||
Registered voters |
Results by Constituency
See also
- 2016 elections in India
- 2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election
- Bangladeshis in India
- Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act, 1983
- National Register of Citizens of India
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