Adams–Stokes syndrome
Stokes-Adams syndrome | |
---|---|
Other names | Adams–Stokes syndrome, Gerbezius–Morgagni–Adams–Stokes syndrome and Gerbec–Morgagni–Adams–Stokes syndrome[1] |
Specialty | Cardiology |
Adams–Stokes syndrome, Stokes–Adams syndrome or Gerbec–Morgagni–Adams–Stokes syndrome is a periodic
Signs and symptoms
Typically an attack occurs without warning, leading to sudden
As with any syncopal episode that results from a cardiac dysrhythmia, the fainting does not depend on the patient's position. If it occurs during sleep, the presenting symptom may simply be feeling hot and flushed on waking.[5][6]
Causes
The attacks are caused by any temporary lack of cardiac output caused by a transient abnormal heart rhythm. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia or atrial fibrillation has been reported as the underlying cause in up to 5% of patients in one series. The resulting lack of blood flow to the brain is responsible for the loss of consciousness and associated fainting episode.[7]
Diagnosis
Stokes–Adams attacks may be diagnosed from the
Treatment
Initial treatment can be medical, involving the use of drugs like
Prognosis
If undiagnosed (or untreated), Stokes–Adams attacks have a 50% mortality within a year of the first episode. The prognosis following treatment is very good.[citation needed]
References
- Who Named It?
- ^ R. Adams. Cases of Diseases of the Heart, Accompanied with Pathological Observations. Dublin Hospital Reports, 1827, 4: 353–453.
- ^ W. Stokes. Observations on some cases of permanently slow pulse. Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science, 1846, 2: 73–85.
- ^ "Stokes-Adams; Adams-Stokes; Morgagni-Adams-Stokes Attacks". patient.info. 18 October 2021.
- ^ a b Katz, Jason; Patel, Chetan (2006). Parkland Manual of Inpatient Medicine. Dallas, TX: FA Davis. p. 903.
- ^ ADams and victor's principles of neurology
- ^ "Stokes-Adams Attacks (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)". 18 October 2021.
- ^ Khan, Ijaz A. (13 November 2021). "Mechanisms of syncope and Stokes-Adams attacks in bradyarrhythmia: Asystole and torsade de pointes".
- ISBN 0-86318-864-8