Al-Fashir

Coordinates: 13°37′50″N 25°21′0″E / 13.63056°N 25.35000°E / 13.63056; 25.35000
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Al-Fashir
الفاشر
Town
Aerial view of Al-Fashir
Aerial view of Al-Fashir
Al-Fashir is located in Sudan
Al-Fashir
Al-Fashir
Location in Sudan
Coordinates: 13°37′50″N 25°21′0″E / 13.63056°N 25.35000°E / 13.63056; 25.35000
Country Sudan
StateNorth Darfur
Population
 (2009)
 • Total500,000[1]

Al-Fashir or El Fasher (

Nyala, Sudan
. [2] A historical
UN Habitat reported a population of 500,000 for al-Fashir in 2009, attributing the increase to refugees and economic migrants.[1]

Omar Hassan Ahmed Bashir, and was officially opened in February 1991 in premises west of El Fasher Airport and south of the El Fashir School.[3]

History

Late in the 18th century, Sultan Abd al-Rahman al-Rashid of the Sultanate of Darfur moved his itinerant court (fashir) to a site called Rahad Tendelti while campaigning in the region of northern Darfur as it was a superb spot for a settlement and grazing, eventually the site was renamed to al-Fashir.[4][5] A town developed around the sultan's palace grounds.[2] It was one of the cities Amelia Earhart visited while attempting to circumnavigate the world.[6]

In April 2023, the town saw the Battle of El Fasher.[7]

Geography

Climate

Al-Fashir has a hot arid climate (Köppen BWh) with three distinct seasons. There is a bone-dry and relatively "cool" season from October to February when temperatures are merely hot by afternoon and cool in the mornings, which gives way to a sweltering and equally arid "hot season" from March to May with high temperatures around 38 °C or 100.4 °F and morning lows of 21 °C or 69.8 °F. The Sahelian monsoon arrives in June and lasts until September, creating a short wet season that produces virtually all the year's rainfall of around 210 millimetres or 8.3 inches, accompanied by extremely unpleasant conditions with much higher humidity than during the remainder of the year.

Climate data for Al-Fashir (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1961–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 39.5
(103.1) 		41.0
(105.8) 		42.2
(108.0) 		43.0
(109.4) 		46.3
(115.3) 		44.2
(111.6) 		41.7
(107.1) 		43.5
(110.3) 		41.5
(106.7) 		40.0
(104.0) 		38.4
(101.1) 		36.7
(98.1) 		46.3
(115.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.5
(85.1) 		32.5
(90.5) 		35.5
(95.9) 		38.2
(100.8) 		39.2
(102.6) 		38.9
(102.0) 		36.3
(97.3) 		34.1
(93.4) 		35.9
(96.6) 		36.2
(97.2) 		33.1
(91.6) 		30.1
(86.2) 		35.0
(95.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.3
(68.5) 		23.0
(73.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		29.4
(84.9) 		31.3
(88.3) 		31.7
(89.1) 		30.1
(86.2) 		28.5
(83.3) 		29.4
(84.9) 		28.8
(83.8) 		24.3
(75.7) 		21.0
(69.8) 		27.0
(80.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 11.1
(52.0) 		13.6
(56.5) 		17.1
(62.8) 		20.6
(69.1) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.5
(76.1) 		23.9
(75.0) 		22.9
(73.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		21.3
(70.3) 		15.6
(60.1) 		11.8
(53.2) 		19.1
(66.4)
Record low °C (°F) 0.7
(33.3) 		1.4
(34.5) 		6.5
(43.7) 		8.2
(46.8) 		12.8
(55.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		15.6
(60.1) 		13.5
(56.3) 		15.0
(59.0) 		7.1
(44.8) 		5.6
(42.1) 		2.0
(35.6) 		0.7
(33.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.0) 		6.5
(0.26) 		16.4
(0.65) 		60
(2.4) 		102.9
(4.05) 		28.9
(1.14) 		3.8
(0.15) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		219.5
(8.64)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 0 0 0 0.2 0.8 2.2 6.1 8.8 3.4 0.6 0 0 22
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		24 19 16 17 23 32 47 57 44 28 24 24 30
Mean monthly sunshine hours 306.9 274.4 291.4 282.0 266.6 231.0 213.9 213.9 237.0 285.2 306.0 313.1 3,221.4
Source: NOAA[8][9]

Economy

Due to the nearby

Darfur crisis, the city has experienced a significant economic and population boom. Rents and retail sales increased, including the selling of bottled water and the opening of a pizza parlor to cater to the demand from western aid workers. The number of gas stations has tripled in three years as a result of the increase in the amount of automobiles in the city. Employment opportunities also increased as the United Nations offered jobs to citizens. Economics analyst Adam Ahmed stated that the "people [of Al-Fashir] are beginning to think in a more business-minded way" to make the most of their situation.[12]

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^
    UN Habitat
    . Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d "Al-Fashir" (description)[permanent dead link], Encyclopædia Britannica, 2007, webpage:
  3. ^ "History of the University". Al Fashir University. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
  4. OCLC 52601158
    .
  5. ^ de Waal, Alex (2005). Famine That Kills: Darfur. Cary, NC: Oxford University Press. p. 60.
  6. ^ Vizard, Frank (February 1997) "On Earhart's Wings" Popular Science 250(2): pp. 50–52, page 51
  7. ISSN 0261-3077
    . Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  8. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 — al-Fashir". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  9. ^ "El Fasher (Al-Fashir) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  10. ISBN 978-0-14-303873-3
  11. ^ "Northern Darfur: Abu Shouk and Al Salam IDP Camps" Archived 23 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine map, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), Date Created: 1 February 2009
  12. ^ Sanders, Edmund. A Darfur capital is a humanitarian boomtown, Los Angeles Times, 2008-04-30.

External links

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