Alberic I of Spoleto

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Alberic I (died c. 925) was the Lombard Duke of Spoleto from between 896 and 900 until 920, 922, or thereabouts. He was also Margrave of Camerino, and the son-in-law of Theophylact I, Count of Tusculum, the most powerful man in Rome.

Life

He first appears as a

page to Guy III of Spoleto at the Battle on the Trebbia in 889. He may have later been the count of Fermo, but whatever the case, he succeeded to Spoleto after murdering Duke Guy IV
.

He was recognised soon by King

Magyars
in 899 or 900.

patrician
of the Romans," patricius Romanorum.

Although Alberic was a supporter of Pope Sergius, around 906, when the Pope agreed to crown Berengar Holy Roman Emperor, Alberic allied with his neighbour,

margrave of Tuscany
. Together their combined forces blocked the road, preventing Berengar from reaching Rome.

Alberic was margrave of

strategos of Bari, leading the Byzantine forces and Lombard and Greek princes of the South: Guaimar II of Salerno, Landulf I of Benevento, Atenulf II of Capua, John I and the later Docibilis II of Gaeta, and Gregory IV and the later John II of Naples. Even Berengar sent a contingent from the March of Friuli. The battle went famously and many a petty prince received titles of great honour. Alberic was appointed the "consul
of the Romans" in 917.

He became, however, a tyrant in the Eternal City and people and pope expelled him. He was subsequently murdered in Orte between 924 or 926, probably because of his reliance on marauding Hungarians who supported his power. The dates of his downfall and death are as uncertain as those of his rise. He last appears in a datable document of 917, the Liber largitorius of Farfa Abbey. He had four or five sons by Marozia:

  • Pope John XI (b.910)
  • Alberic II, who was later prince of Rome
  • Constantino (d. after January 14, 945)
  • Sergio, bishop of Nepi (d. before 963)
  • David or Deodatus, who was the father of Pope Benedict VII

In addition, they had at least one daughter who was used to attempt a marriage alliance with the Byzantine emperor Romanos I Lekapenos by marrying her to one of his sons, either Stephen Lekapenos or Constantine Lekapenos.[5][6]

Liutprand of Cremona says that Marozia's first son, who later became Pope John XI, was illegitimate, and the result of an affair with Pope Sergius. Subsequent commentators have repeated this report. Edward Gibbon says that the birth of John in 910, after her marriage to Alberic, would seem to indicate that Sergius was not the father.[7] Horace Mann says that the report "...must be regarded as highly doubtful," and are assertions only made by bitter or ill-informed adversaries, and inconsistent with what is said by reliable contemporaries.[8]

References

  1. ISBN 9780865544369
    p. 358
  2. ^ Williams, George L., Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants Of The Popes (2004), p. 11
  3. ^ a b Mann, Horace K., The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal Anarchy, 891-999 (1910), pp. 154–155
  4. ISBN 9781135948801
    , p. 398
  5. ^ Mann, Horace K., The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal Anarchy, 891–999 (1910), pgs. 199–200
  6. ^ Drocourt, Nicolas; Kolditz, Sebastian, A Companion to Byzantium and the West, 900-1204 (2021), pgs. 159-160
  7. ^ Gibbon, Edward, Milman, H. H., The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, with Notes Vol. 3 (1841), pg. 518
  8. ^ Mann, Horace. "Pope Sergius III." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 23 September 2017

Further reading

Italian nobility
Preceded by
Duke of Spoleto

898–922
Note: dates are disputed 		Succeeded by
Unknown Patricius Romanorum
909–922 		Succeeded by
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