Amarna letter EA 256

Amarna letter EA 256, in short EA 256, catalogued under the title Oaths and Denials,

EA 256 is a square, mostly flat clay tablet letter written on both sides; it is also written on the bottom, top (=bottom of reverse side), and the last 3 lines are written on the left edge (obverse), where the start of lines on the obverse form a 'straight' margin.

The reverse of the letter (see Rohl^[2]), has a list of towns in, or associated with the Golan Heights. The surface of the letter is rough (partially eroded?), or photos of the reverse especially, do not easily highlight the cuneiform characters.

The topic of the letter is the whereabouts of Ayyab, supposedly in Pella, Jordan (Pihilu of the letters).

Each text line was written with a horizontal line scribed below the text line, as well as a vertical left margin-line, (beginning of text at left) scribe line on the obverse of the tablet. The letter contains 14 (15) lines on the obverse, continuing on the bottom tablet edge to conclude at line 31 on the reverse, leaving a small space before the final tablet edge. At least 4 lines from the obverse intrude into the text of the reverse (appearing as upside-down cuneiform into the text of the reverse), actually dividing the reverse into a top half and bottom half, and even creating a natural spacing segue to the reverse's text, and the story.

Brief letter summary

Letter EA 256 is authored by Mutbaal, the son of Labaya, and written to the Pharaoh.

The letter

Translation

EA 252,^{[dubious – discuss]} letter two of two. (Not a linear, line-by-line translation, and English from French.)^{[3][dubious – discuss]}

Obverse:

(Lines 1-4)--Say to

Mut-Bahlu

, your servant. I fall at the feet of my lord.

(4.3-10)--How can it have been said in your presence,¹ "Mut-Bahlu has fled. He has hidden

sú-ki-ni

of the king, his lord?

(10)--(As)-The King, Lord, Him – Lives! ("The Living)

(11)--(As)-The King, Lord, Mine – Lives! ("The Living)

(12)--The King, Lord, Mine – "If 'to come to shame', .."