Anatolian hunter-gatherers
Period | Upper Paleolithic, Mesolithic |
---|---|
Dates | 15,000–8,000 BP |
Anatolian hunter-gatherer (AHG) is a distinct anatomically modern human archaeogenetic lineage, first identified in a 2019 study based on the remains of a single
Introduction
The existence of this ancient population has been inferred through the genetic analysis of the remains of a man from the site of Pınarbaşı (37 ° 29'N, 33 ° 02'E), in central Anatolia, which has been dated at 13,642-13,073 cal BCE. This population is genetically differentiated from the rest of the known Pleistocene populations. [1]
It has been discovered that populations of the Anatolian
The Anatolian hunter-gatherers began farming around 8300 BC,[2] at places such as Çayönü. Cows, sheep and goats may have been domesticated first in southern Turkey.[3] These farmers moved into Thrace (now European Turkey) around 7000 BC.[4]
Genetics
At the autosomal level, in the Principal component analysis (PCA) the analyzed AHG individual turns out to be close to two later Anatolian populations, the Anatolian Aceramic Farmers (AAF) dating from 8300-7800 BCE, and the Anatolian Ceramic Farmers (ACF) dating from 7000-6000 BCE. These early Anatolian farmers later replaced the European hunter-gatherer populations in Europe to a large extent, ultimately becoming the main genetic contribution to current European populations, especially those of the Mediterranean. In addition, their position in this analysis is intermediate between Natufian farmers and Western Hunter-Gatherers (WHG). This last point is confirmed by the ADMIXTURE and qp-Adm analysis and confirms the presence of hunter-gatherers of both European and Near-Eastern origins in Central Anatolia in the late Pleistocene. Mesolithic individuals from the Balkans, known as Iron Gates Hunter-Gatherers, are the most genetically similar group to the Anatolian Hunter-Gatherer lineage. Feldman et al. suggest that this affinity is not due to a genetic flow from the AHG to the ancestors of the Villabruna cluster, but on the contrary: there was a genetic flow from the ancestors of the Villabruna cluster to the ancestors of the AHG.[1]
The AHG diverged from Caucasus hunter-gatherer around 25,000 years ago.[citation needed]
Uniparental markers
The individual analyzed belongs to Y-chromosomal
See also
- Early European Farmers
References
- ^ a b c d e Feldman et al. 2019.
- PMID 30890703.
- ^ "Where Did Agriculture Begin? In Turkey, 10,500 Years Ago". Haaretz. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- S2CID 140654503.
Bibliography
- Feldman, Michal; Fernández-Domínguez, Eva; Reynolds, Luke; Baird, Douglas; Pearson, Jessica; Hershkovitz, Israel; May, Hila; Goring-Morris, Nigel; Benz, Marion; Gresky, Julia; Bianco, Raffaela A.; Fairbairn, Andrew; Mustafaoğlu, Gökhan; Stockhammer, Philipp W.; Posth, Cosimo (2019). "Late Pleistocene human genome suggests a local origin for the first farmers of central Anatolia". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 1218. PMID 30890703.