Ancol
Ancol Administrative Village
Kelurahan Ancol | ||
|---|---|---|
City North Jakarta | | |
| District | Pademangan | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 5.77 km2 (2.23 sq mi) | |
| Postal code | 14430 | |
Ancol (
Following the independence of Indonesia, Ancol was made one of the
Government
The Administrative Village of Ancol has a postal code of 14430.
History
Pre-colonial period
The name Ancol refers to a river located around 3 km east of Sunda Kelapa harbour, and the area surrounding it. The mouth of the Ancol river was located where the area of
The earliest mention of Ancol was in Koropak 406, a
- …Disilihan inya ku prebu Surawisesa, iny nu surup ka padaren, kasuran, kadiran, kuwamen. Prangrang lima welas kali hanteu eleh, ngalakukeun bala sariwu. Prangrang ka Kalapa deung Aaria burah. Prangrang ka Tanjung. Prangrang ka Ancol kiyi….[1]
Arrival of the Europeans
When the
Later in the 17th century, the ruler of Jayakarta was defeated by the Dutch. The town was completely eradicated and a new fortified city,
During the course of the 19th century, the old Batavia was gradually abandoned in favour of the much healthier and cleaner Weltevreden. During the period, Ancol remained undeveloped.[6]
With the construction of a new port in Tanjung Priok in the late 19th century, the 200-year-old Ancol Canal was extended to reach Tanjung Priok. A new railway line was established along the Ancol Canal, connecting Batavia N.I.S. station with Tanjung Priok station.[7] Despite the introduction of these new infrastructure, the area of Ancol remained devoid of any urban development.
World War II
During the Japanese occupation, the swampy area of Ancol was used as places of execution and mass grave for those who opposed the Japanese troops, mainly the Dutch. These victims were later reburied in a new cemetery on the coast of Ancol, Ancol Cemetery, inaugurated on September 14, 1946. The cemetery, also known as the "cemetery of the executed", contains more than 2,000 victims of execution during the Japanese occupation, many of whom are unknown. Because of its proximity to the coast, the cemetery is threatened by seawater flooding.[8]
Modern period
In 1960, Ancol remained undeveloped, mosquito-infested swamps and fish ponds. President Sukarno, known for initiating many monumental projects in Jakarta, would propose the idea of reclaiming the swamps and converting them into Jakarta's largest recreation and entertainment centre. This idea was finally initiated in 1965, an idea that opposed the first idea of developing Ancol into an industrial area.[9]
The development was started during the governance of Ali Sadikin, the governor of Jakarta in 1966. The entertainment complex was named Taman Impian Jaya Ancol. The first facility was the Bina Ria Ancol beach, best known for its drive-in theater especially during the 1970s. The Dunia Fantasi theme park was built in 1984. Today, the 552 hectare recreation area is known as the Ancol Jakarta Bay City, contains hotels, cottages, beaches, a theme park, traditional market places, an oceanarium, a golf field and a marina, and Jakarta International e-Prix Circuit. .
References
- ^ Aca 1968.
- ^ Aa, A. J. Vander (1849). Nederlands Oost-Indie, of beschrijving der Nederlandsche bezittingen in Oost-Indie : voorafgegaan van een beknopt overzigt van de vestiging en uitbreiding der magt van Nederland aldaar. Amsterdam [etc.]: Schliejer [etc.]
- ^ Anonymous (1656). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AMH-4595-NA_Map_of_Batavia_and_environs.jpg (Map). Plattegrond van Batavia en omstreken [Map of Batavia and environs]. 300 Rynlantsche Roeder (in Dutch). Retrieved 12 October 2016.
{{cite map}}:|map-url=missing title (help) - ^ Heymerd van Breda (1788). Kaart van Batavia en omgeving [Map of Batavia and surrounding] (Map) (in Dutch).
- ^ "SEKILAS TENTANG ANCOL « KOTA JAKARTA [dot] INFO, Sejarah, Jalan-jalan dan Cerita tentang Jakarta". Archived from the original on 2010-01-24. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ Adolf Heuken SJ (2007). Historical Sites of Jakarta. Cipta Loka Caraka Foundation, Jakarta.
- ^ Kaart van Batavia en Omstreken [Map of Batavia and Surrounding] (Map) (Batavia ed.). 1:20000 (in Dutch). Cartography by Topografische Bureau. 1897. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ "Ereveld Ancol". Oorlogsgravenstichting. Archived from the original on April 19, 2003. Retrieved March 21, 2010.
- ^ Merrillees 2015, p. 17.
Cited works
- Aca (1968). Carita Parahiyangan: naskah titilar karuhun urang Sunda abad ka-16 Maséhi. Yayasan Kabudayaan Nusalarang, Bandung.
- Merrillees, Scott (2015). Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950-1980. Jakarta: Equinox Publishing. ISBN 9786028397308.
- Soekmono, R. (1988). Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2, 2nd ed. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius.
