Anders Retzius

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Anders Retzius, by
Jean Haagen [sv] (copy of an original by an unknown artist)

Anders Adolph Retzius (13 October 1796 – 18 April 1860), was a Swedish professor of anatomy and a supervisor at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.

Biography

Retzius was born in

Jöns Jakob Berzelius, as early as 1824 he was appointed temporary professor of anatomy at the Karolinska Institute, an institute to which he dedicated much of his strength for many years. In 1830 he was also appointed temporary supervisor there, and in 1840 he was appointed both permanent professor and supervisor.[1] Pathologist Axel Key was one of his students.[2]

During the next decades he made many anatomical discoveries, for instance about the finer parts of the teeth, of the skull, of the muscles and of the nervous system. He was also an

brachycephalic. He was considered to be very knowledgeable and was elected into many of the scientific academies at the time. He is credited with defining the cephalic index, which is the ratio of width to length of one's head.[3]

Retzius was a

polygenist. Retzius studied many different skull types from different races; because the skulls were so different from each race, he believed that the races had a separate origin.[4]

The

bladder
and runs sharply dorsally, away from the deep layer of transversalis fascia. The separation of transversalis fascia and peritoneum contains loose fatty tissue allowing for the filling of the bladder. This space is called the retropubic space of Retzius (from the Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital St-Pierre, Brussels).

Retzius was active in the

Svenska Nykterhetssällskapet, the Swedish Temperance Society, in 1837.[6]

In 1826, he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

The Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography previously awarded the Anders Retzius Medal in Gold to world-leading scholars in human geography and anthropology. In 2015, the Society decided that it was inappropriate to award a medal in Retzius's name considering his contributions to phrenology.[7]

He was the father of Gustaf Retzius.[2]

Retzius died in Stockholm in 1860.

See also

References

  1. Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon
    (in Swedish). Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  2. ^
    Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon
    (in Swedish). Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  3. ^ "Anders Adolf Retzius | Swedish anatomist and anthropologist | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  4. ^ Peter Rowley-Conwy, From Genesis to Prehistory: The Archaeological Three Age System and its Contested Reception in Denmark, Britain, and Ireland, 2007, p. 120
  5. ISBN 978-1-108-33671-0
    .
  6. ^ "Svenska nykterhetssällskapet". Nordisk familjebok (in Swedish). pp. 1025ff. – via Project Runeberg.
  7. ^ af Kleen, Björn (7 March 2015). "Stopp för medalj till rasforskarens minne". Dagens Nyheter. Stockholm.
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This article contains content from the Owl Edition of Nordisk familjebok, a Swedish encyclopedia published between 1904 and 1926, now in the public domain.

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