Angolans in Namibia
Regions with significant populations | |
---|---|
Northeastern Namibia, especially along the Oshiwambo[1] |
There are various communities of Angolans in Namibia.
Migration history
As Angola and Namibia are neighbours, there has historically been a great deal of cross-border movements between the two countries.[2] There were formerly large numbers of immigrants from southeast Angola at Mangarangandja and Sarasungu, east of Rundu along the Okavango River; however, they were relocated to Kaisosi and Kehemu in the 1970s.[3] These early migrants tend to identify themselves as "Nyemba".[4] Many early migrants were of Ovambo ethnicity, an ethnic group found on both sides of the border.[5]
In 1989, as
Though even during the period of conflict, the border remained fairly permeable, the return of peace saw an increase in border crossings.[10] Between 1999 and 2003, the number of foreign citizens arriving from Angola at the Oshikango border post nearly doubled from 143,992 to 267,504. The flow of Angolans into Namibia is much larger than the reverse flow of Namibians into Angola.[2] Most cross the border on business or for visiting family members for short-term trips; only about 9% of these border-crossers stay in Namibia longer than six months.[11] Some young labour migrants also cross the border from Angola into Namibia for temporary or seasonal work, especially on Namibian farms.[12]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 4, 7
- ^ a b Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 1
- ^ Brinkman 2009, p. 275
- ^ Brinkman 2009, p. 285
- ^ Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 4
- ^ "Angolans Reported Escaping Into Namibia", The New York Times, 1989-06-12, retrieved 2009-09-12
- ^ a b c UNHCR 2005, p. 2
- ^ Cauvin, Henry E. (1999-11-26), "A Flood of War Refugees From Angola Strains Namibia", The New York Times, retrieved 2009-10-13
- ^ Dentlinger, Lindsey (2004-08-17), "Angolan refugees may be airlifted home", The Namibian, retrieved 2009-09-12
- ^ Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 5
- ^ Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 3
- ^ Nangulah & Nickanor 2005, p. 25
Sources
- Nangulah, Selma M. W.; Nickanor, Ndeyapo (2005), Crush, Jonathan (ed.), Northern Gateway: Cross Border Migration Between Namibia and Angola (PDF), Migration Policy Series, vol. 38, Southern African Migration Project, ISBN 1-919798-92-7, archived from the original(PDF) on 2011-06-06, retrieved 2009-10-13
- Namibia, Statistical Yearbook Country Data Sheets, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2005
- Brinkman, Inge (2009), "Landscape and Nostalgia: Angolan Refugees in Namibia Remembering Home and Forced Removals", in Bollig, Michael; Bubenzer, Olaf (eds.), African Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Approaches, Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation, vol. 4, Springer, pp. 275–294, ISBN 978-0-387-78681-0
Further reading
- Brinkman, Inge; Fleisch, Axel, eds. (1999), "Grandmother's Footsteps": Oral Tradition and south-east Angolan Narratives on the Colonial Encounter, History, Cultural Traditions and Innovations in Southern Africa, vol. 7, ISBN 978-3-89645-056-2. A series of oral accounts by Angolan immigrants to Namibia about the colonisation of their home country
- Brinkman, Inge (1999), "Violence, Exile and Ethnicity: Nyemba Refugees in Kaisosi and Kehemu (Rundu, Namibia)", Journal of Southern African Studies, 25 (3): 417–40, PMID 21995000
- Brinkman, Inge (2000), "Ways of Death: Accounts of Terror from Angolan Refugees in Namibia", Africa, 70: 1–24, hdl:1854/LU-5816655