Animal perception of magic
Researchers study the reactions of animals observing humans performing
Background
Some animal species are capable of
Overview
In an article in
Known cognitive skills, such as the ability to grasp object permanence, that is, the ability to represent objects in the mind's eye when the object is out of sight, can inspire the researchers which tricks to perform on which species. Animals that cache their food seem suitable subjects for tricks exploiting blind spots in object permanence.[8]
By studying nonhuman animals' perception of magic, we can gain insights into the evolution of the cognitive skills magicians exploit.[6]
Results
Jays
Schnell et al. found evidence in a 2021 study that jays are sensitive to magic. They used the cups and balls routine to trick the birds.[12] In a second study they performed three magic tricks, palming, the French drop, and fast pass, on six jays. The birds were not deceived by the palming and French drop tricks, but were deceived by the fast pass. The first two techniques depend on human hand movements setting expectations for an object moving from one place to another. These hand movements did not trick the jays. But fast hand movements did mislead them.[13]
References
- ^ Grassi & Bartels 2021, p. 1.
- ^ Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2024, p. 271.
- ^ a b Lamont, Henderson & Smith 2010.
- ^ Macknik, Martinez-Conde & Blakeslee 2011, p. 2.
- ^ Winner 2008.
- ^ a b Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2024, p. 270.
- ^ Whiten & Byrne 1988, p. ??.
- ^ a b c d Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2020, p. 1425.
- ^ Garcia-Pelegrin, Elias (2 June 2021). "We performed magic tricks on birds to see how they perceive the world". the Conversation. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2020, p. 1426.
- ^ Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2020, p. 1424.
- ^ Schnell et al. 2021.
- ^ Garcia-Pelegrin et al. 2021.
Sources
- Grassi, P.R.; Bartels, A. (2021). "Magic, Bayes and wows: a Bayesian account of magic tricks". Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 126: 515–527. S2CID 233176371.
- Garcia-Pelegrin, Elias; Schnell, Alexandra K.; Wilkins, Clive; Clayton, Nicola S. (2020). "An unexpected audience". Science. 369 (6510): 1424–1426. S2CID 221771112.
- Garcia-Pelegrin, Elias; Schnell, Alexandra K.; Wilkins, Clive; Clayton, Nicola S. (2021). "Exploring the perceptual inabilities of Eurasian jays (Garrulus glandarius) using magic effects". PNAS. 118 (24): e2026106118. S2CID 235300872.
- Garcia-Pelegrin, E.; Schnell, A.K.; Wilkins, C.; Clayton, N.S. (2024). "Beyond the Tricks: The Science and Comparative Cognition of Magic". Annual Review of Psychology. 75: 269–293.
- Kuhn, Gustav (2019). Experiencing the Impossible: The Science of Magic. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
- Lamont, P.; Henderson, J. M.; Smith, T. J. (2010). "Where science and magic meet: The illusion of a "science of magic"" (PDF). Review of General Psychology. 14 (1): 16–21. S2CID 13949442.
- Macknik, Stephen; Martinez-Conde; Blakeslee, Sandra (2011). Sleights of Mind - What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals about Our Brains. London: Profile Books. ISBN 978-1-84668-390-9.
- Rensink, Ronald A.; Kuhn, Gustav (2015). "A framework for using magic to study the mind". Frontiers in Psychology. 5: 1508. PMID 25698983.
- Schnell, A.K.; Loconsole, M.; Garcia-Pelegrin, E.; Wilkins, C.; Clayton, N.S. (2021). "Jays are sensitive to cognitive illusions". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (8): 202358. PMID 34457330.
- Whiten, A.; Byrne, R. W. (1988). "Tactical deception in primates". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 11 (2): 233–244. S2CID 144171398.
- Winner, David (17 December 2008). "Magicology: Casting a spell on the mind". New Scientist.