Anthony D. Smith
Anthony D. Smith | |
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Born | Professor Emeritus | 23 September 1939
Anthony David Stephen Smith
Smith took his first degree in
Work
Smith's best-known contributions to the field are the distinction between 'civic' and 'ethnic' types of nations and nationalism, and the idea that all nations have dominant 'ethnic cores'. While Smith agrees with other authors that nationalism is a modern phenomenon, he insists that nations have premodern origins.
He is a former student of the philosopher and
Nationalism
Smith argues that nationalism draws on the pre-existing history of the "group", an attempt to fashion this history into a sense of common identity and shared history. That is not to say that this history should be academically valid or cogent, but Smith asserts that many nationalisms are based on historically flawed interpretations of past events and tend to mythologise small, inaccurate parts of their history. Moreover, Smith reasons that nationalistic interpretations of the past are frequently fabricated to justify modern political and ethnic positions.[citation needed]
Nationalism, according to Smith, does not require that members of a "nation" should all be alike, but only that they should feel an intense bond of
Nations and nation-states
When speaking of
Smith defines nationalism as "an ideological movement for attaining and maintaining autonomy, unity and identity on behalf of a population deemed by some of its members to constitute an actual or potential 'nation'".[8]
A nation, meanwhile, is "a named population sharing a historic territory, common myths and historical memories, a mass
Smith states that even when nations are the product of modernity, it is possible to find ethnic elements that survive in modern nations.
Academic freedom
In 1987 Parliament proposed to subject the hitherto semi-autonomous British universities to much tighter state control. Concerned at the threat which this posed to individual academic freedom and to the independence of research and publication, Smith founded the Council for Academic Autonomy,[13] and continued as its long-term Secretary. This scored an early success, arising from its petition to Parliament and its lobbying and representation in the House of Lords, in an amendment to the Education Reform Act 1988 guaranteeing freedom of expression and publication to academic staff in the older universities.[14] The Council continued its interactions with Government [15] and its organisation of symposia on academic independence into the early years of the millennium.[16] See also Fergus Millar and Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell.
Selected publications
Year | Title | ISBN |
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1971 | Theories of Nationalism | 0-7156-0555-0 (1st ed.) 0-7156-0584-4 (2nd ed., 1983) |
1981 | The Ethnic Revival in the Modern World | 978-0-5212-3267-8 |
1983 | State and Nation in the Third World | 978-0-7108-0199-9 |
1986 | The Ethnic Origins of Nations | 0-631-15205-9 |
1991 | National Identity | 0-14-012565-5 |
1995 | Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era | 0-7456-1018-8 |
1998 | Nationalism and Modernism | 0-415-06340-X |
1999 | Myths and Memories of the Nation | 978-0-19-829684-3 |
2000 | The Nation in History | 0-7456-2580-0 |
2003 | Chosen Peoples: Sacred Sources of National Identity | 0-19-210017-3 |
2004 | The Antiquity of Nations | 0-7456-2745-5 |
2008 | The Cultural Foundations of Nations: Hierarchy, Covenant and Republic | 1-4051-7798-5 |
2009 | Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A Cultural Approach | 978-0-415-49798-5 |
References
- ^ Date information sourced from Library of Congress Authorities data, via corresponding WorldCat Identities linked authority file (LAF).
- ^ Hutchinson, John (22 July 2016). "Professor Anthony Smith". London School of Economics. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
- . Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ^ "The nation: real or imagined? The Warwick Debates On Nationalism". Nations and Nationalism. 2 (3). Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism (ASEN): 357–370. 1996. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ISBN 978-0-7456-5128-6.
- ^ Smith, Anthony D. 1988. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Basil Blackwell.
- ^ Less than ten percent of existing states meet these criteria. Smith, Anthony D. Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995), 86.
- ^ Leerssen, Joep, National Thought in Europe, Amsterdam University Press, 2006, p. 15.
- ^ Smith, Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era (Cambridge, UK: Polity, 1995): p. 57
- ^ Sinisa Malesevic 2019. Grounded Nationalisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Sinisa Malesevic 2004. ‘Divine Ethnies’ and ‘Sacred Nations’: Anthony D. Smith and the Neo-Durkheimian Theory of Nationalism. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 10 (4): 561-593.
- ^ Sinisa Malesevic 2006. Identity as Ideology: Understanding Ethnicity and Nationalism. New York: Palgrave.
- ^ Umut Özkırımlı 2017. Theories of Nationalism. New York: Palgrave.
- ^ David Watson, 2000 Managing strategy. Open University Press. p18-20
- ^ JRG Turner in M Tight editor, Academic freedom and responsibility. Society for Research into Higher Education. Open University Press. 1988 p107 p113
- ^ Karen MacGregor, Professors monitor academic freedom. Times Higher Education Supplement 10 August 1990. p5
- ^ GR Evans and DE Packham 2003, Ethical Issues at the University-Industry Interface: a Way Forward? Science and Engineering Ethics, 9 (1). pp. 3-16
Further reading
- "An Intellectual Journey: Anthony D. Smith interviewed by John A. Hall". Nations and Nationalism. 22 (1): 6–19. 2016. .
- "In Memoriam: ANTHONY D. SMITH (1939-2016) | Politička misao". politickamisao.com. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
- Boeva, Luc (2016). "Anthony D. Smith (1939-2016)". WT. Tijdschrift over de Geschiedenis van de Vlaamse Beweging. 75 (3): 266–268. .
- Maxwell, A. (2020). Primordialism for Scholars Who Ought to Know Better: Anthony D. Smith's Critique of Modernization Theory. Nationalities Papers, 48(5), 826–842. doi:10.1017/nps.2019.93