Anthypatos
Anthypatos (Greek: ἀνθύπατος) is the translation in Greek of the Latin proconsul. In the Greek-speaking East, it was used to denote this office in Roman and early Byzantine times, surviving as an administrative office until the 9th century. Thereafter, and until the 11th century, it became a senior Byzantine court dignity.
History and functions
Gubernatorial title
The title of anthypatos was the traditional Greek translation for the
Following the
After the establishment of the
Court dignity
Thus, from the latter part of Michael III's reign (842–867), the term became a regular dignity intended for "bearded men" (i.e. non-eunuchs), constituting a class above the patrikioi.[5] The full title anthypatos kai patrikios was henceforth conferred upon several high-ranking administrative and military officials throughout the 10th and 11th centuries. In the 11th century, there is also evidence of a prōtanthypatos (πρωτανθύπατος, "first anthypatos"), and a single occurrence of a disanthypatos (δισανθύπατος, "twice anthypatos"). All these dignities disappeared, however, in the early 12th century.[7]
According to the Klētorologion of Philotheos, written in 899, the insignia of office of the anthypatos were purple inscribed tablets. Their award by the Byzantine emperor signified the elevation of the recipient to the office.[8]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Guilland 1967, p. 68.
- ^ Guilland 1967, p. 69.
- ^ Haldon 1997, pp. 202–203.
- ^ Guilland 1967, pp. 69–71.
- ^ a b Bury 1911, pp. 28–29.
- ^ Haldon 1997, p. 204.
- ^ Kazhdan 1991, p. 111.
- ^ Bury 1911, p. 22.
Sources
- OCLC 1046639111.
- OCLC 878894516.
- Haldon, John F. (1997). Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31917-1.
- ISBN 0-19-504652-8.