Attorney-General of Singapore
Attorney-General of the Republic of Singapore | |
---|---|
Attorney-General's Chambers | |
Style |
|
Nominator | Prime Minister of Singapore |
Appointer | President of Singapore |
Term length | Tenure until the age of 60 |
Constituting instrument | Constitution of Singapore, Article 35(1) |
Inaugural holder | Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim |
Formation | 9 August 1965 |
Deputy |
|
Website | www |
The attorney-general of Singapore is the
The Office of Attorney-General was established in 1867, when the British Crown appointed the attorney-general of the Straits Settlements, based in Singapore, to serve as legal adviser to the new Crown colony's government.
Functions
The attorney-general of Singapore has two distinct roles: legal adviser to the
Legal adviser to the government
The attorney-general's role as the Government's legal adviser is performed by the AGC's Civil Division. The functions of the attorney-general include advising ministries and organs of state on legal matters; drafting and vetting contracts and legal documents; and representing the Government in international initiatives and litigation matters, among others.[3]
The International Affairs Division advises Government agencies on international-law issues, represents Singapore in bilateral and multilateral negotiations, and negotiates and drafts multilateral and bilateral legal instruments, among other roles.[4]
The Legislation Division comprises four groups. The Law Drafting Group drafts legislation and advises Government agencies on development of legislation. The Legislative Editorial and Revision Group undertakes law revision. The Law Publication Group maintains Singapore Statutes Online, among other duties. The Business Services and Governance Group provides administrative support to the other groups.[5]
Public Prosecutor
The attorney-general's role as the public prosecutor is performed by the AGC's Crime Division. Prosecutorial discretion[2] grants the attorney-general the power to institute, conduct or discontinue any prosecution at the attorney-general's discretion.[6]
History
Pre-1867
Between the grant of the Second Charter of Justice in 1826 and the formation of the Crown colony of the Straits Settlements in 1867, the function of legal adviser to the government in Singapore was vested in various offices. From 1826 to 1855, it was the Recorder of the Prince of Wales Island, Malacca and Singapore; from 1855 to 1864, the Recorder of Singapore; and from 1864 to 1867, the Crown Counsel, Singapore.[7]
1867–1942: Attorney-General of the Straits Settlements
The office of Attorney-General was created on 1 April 1867, when Sir Thomas Braddell was appointed as the first attorney-general of the Straits Settlements. He was based in Singapore while his solicitor-general, Daniel Logan, was based in Penang.[7]
1942–1945: Japanese occupation of Singapore
Following the
Subsequently, the Japanese military administration established the office of Kensatsu-kan, or Attorney-General and Public Prosecutor,[8] presumably on 27 May 1942 when the civilian courts were re-opened by proclamation.[9]
1945–1946: British Military Administration
Following the formal surrender of Japanese forces in Southeast Asia on 12 September 1945, the responsibility of rendering legal advice to the British Military Administration of Malaya lay with its Chief Legal Officer.[7]
1946–1959: Attorney-General of the Colony of Singapore
When Singapore became a Crown colony on 1 April 1946,
1959–1965: State Advocate-General of the State of Singapore
After the State of Singapore gained full internal self-governance in 1959, Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim was appointed State Advocate-General, becoming Singapore's first non-British legal adviser to the government.
Post-1965: Attorney-General of the Republic of Singapore
Following the Republic of Singapore's independence on 9 August 1965, Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim became the country's first attorney-general.[7]
The appointment of
Wong was previously the personal lawyer of Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and also advised Lee on issues relating to Lee Kuan Yew's will.[12]
List of officeholders (1867–1965)
Attorney-General of the Straits Settlements
# | Attorney-General of the Straits Settlements | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Braddell | 1 April 1867 | 1 January 1883 |
– | John Augustus Harwood (acting) | 2 January 1883 | 2 October 1883 |
2 | John Winfield Bonser | 3 October 1883 | 6 November 1893 |
3 | William Robert Collyer | 7 November 1893 | 4 February 1906 |
– | John Robert Innes (acting) | 5 February 1906 | 28 February 1907 |
4 | Walter John Napier | 1 March 1907 | 31 December 1909 |
5 | Frederick Belfield | 1 January 1910 | 20 February 1911 |
6 | Thomas de Multon Lee Braddell | 21 February 1911 | 24 January 1913 |
– | Evelyn Campbell Elli (acting) | 25 January 1913 | 24 April 1913 |
7 | Gerald Aubrey Goodman
|
25 April 1913 | 18 November 1919 |
8 | James William Murison | 19 November 1919 | 9 July 1925 |
9 | Michael Whitley | 10 July 1925 | 12 July 1929 |
10 | Walter Huggard | 13 July 1929 | 20 April 1933 |
11 | Percy Alexander McElwaine | 21 April 1933 | 10 August 1936 |
– | Newnham Arthur Worley (acting) | 27 October 1936 | 10 December 1936 |
12 | Charles Gough Howell | 11 August 1936 | 14 February 1942 |
Kensatsu-kan of Syonan-to
# | Kensatsu-kan of Syonan-to | Term start | Term end |
---|---|---|---|
– | – | 15 February 1942 | 26 May 1942 |
1 | Ichihara Kakka | 27 May 1942 | 11 September 1945 |
Chief Legal Officer, British Military Administration of Malaya
# | Chief Legal Officer, British Military Administration | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Lieutenant Colonel T. C. Spencer-Wilkinson
|
12 September 1945 | 31 March 1946 |
Attorney-General of the Crown Colony of Singapore
# | Attorney-General of the Crown Colony of Singapore | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Sir John Davies, KC | 1 April 1946 | 5 September 1955 |
2 | QC
|
6 September 1955 | 1 July 1957 |
3 | QC
|
2 July 1957 | 24 June 1959 |
State Advocate-General of the State of Singapore
# | State Advocate-General of the State of Singapore | Took office | Left office | Previous office | Subsequent office |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim | 25 June 1959 | 8 August 1965 | Crown Counsel and Deputy Public Prosecutor | Attorney-General of Singapore |
List of attorney-generals (1965–present)
# | Attorney-General of the Republic of Singapore | Took office | Left office | Previous office | Subsequent office |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim | 9 August 1965 | 31 January 1967 | State Advocate-General of Singapore | Ambassador to the United Arab Republic |
– | Tan Boon Teik (acting) | 1 February 1967 | 31 December 1968 | – | – |
2 | SC
|
1 January 1969 | 30 April 1992 | Solicitor-General of Singapore | Chairman, Singapore International Arbitration Centre |
3 | SC
|
1 May 1992 | 10 April 2006 | Judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore | Chief Justice of Singapore |
4 | SC
|
11 April 2006 | 10 April 2008 | Judge of the Court of Appeal of Singapore | Judge of the Court of Appeal of Singapore |
5 | SC
|
11 April 2008 | 10 April 2010 | Solicitor-General of Singapore | Professor, National University of Singapore Faculty of Law |
– | SC (acting)
|
11 April 2010 | 30 September 2010 | Solicitor-General of Singapore | Solicitor-General of Singapore |
6 | SC
|
1 October 2010 | 24 June 2012 | Managing Partner, Rajah & Tann | Judge of the Court of Appeal of Singapore |
7 | SC
|
25 June 2012 | 24 June 2014 | Judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore | Judge of the Supreme Court of Singapore |
8 | SC
|
25 June 2014 | 13 January 2017 | Judge of the Court of Appeal of Singapore | Retired[13] |
9 | SC
|
14 January 2017[14] | Incumbent | Chairman and Senior Partner, Allen & Gledhill | – |
Notable incidents
Wrongful conviction
In September 2020, the AGC conducted a prosecutorial review for a
See also
Notes
- ^ Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (1999 Reprint), art 35(1).
- ^ a b c Woon, Walter (29 September 2017). "The public prosecutor, politics and the rule of law". The Straits Times.
- ^ "Overview of Functions". Attorney-General's Chambers. 17 February 2017.
- ^ "Overview of Functions". Attorney-General's Chambers. 9 July 2017.
- ^ "Overview of Functions". Attorney-General's Chambers. 23 February 2017.
- ^ "Overview of Functions". Attorney-General's Chambers. 23 February 2017.
- ^ a b c d e "Overview of AGC's History". Attorney-General's Chambers. 21 February 2017.
- ^ "A History Of The Singapore Legal Service". Singapore Academy of Law. Singapore Academy of Law. 2017.
- ^ Kevin Tan Yew Lee, "The Evolution of Singapore's Modern Constitution: Developments From 1945 to the Present Day" (1989) 1 SAcLJ 1 at 5–6.
- ^ "History". Allen & Gledhill. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ^ hermes (11 January 2017). "Exchange over A-G's appointment age". The Straits Times. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
- ^ "SDP urges President Tony Tan to revoke Lucien Wong's appointment as Attorney General". The Online Citizen. 25 July 2017. Archived from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
- ^ "Attorney-General V K Rajah to step down next January". ChannelNewsAsia. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
- Channel NewsAsia. Singapore. 16 January 2017.
- ^ "The curious case of the maid, the business tycoon and the pink knife". The Straits Times. 13 September 2020.
- ^ "Attorney-General Lucien Wong not involved in prosecution, review of case of CAG chairman's former maid: AGC".
- ^ "A-G not involved in ex-maid's case, recuses himself from review". 10 September 2020.
- ^ Lim, Jessie (9 September 2020). "A-G Lucien Wong not involved in ex-maid Parti Liyani's case, has recused himself from review which deputy A-G Hri Kumar will lead: AGC". The Straits Times.
- ^ "Parti Liyani's case: Attorney-General Lucien Wong not involved in prosecution; review led by Hri Kumar, says AGC".
Bibliography
- Braddell, R. St.J (1983). The Law of the Straits Settlements: A Commentary. South East Asia: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195825594.