BMW N52

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
BMW N52 engine
DOHC, with VVT & VVL
Combustion
Fuel typePetrol
Chronology
PredecessorBMW M54
SuccessorBMW N53

The BMW N52 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine which was produced from 2004 to 2015. The N52 replaced the BMW M54 and debuted on the E90 3 Series and E63 6 Series.

The N52 was the first water-cooled engine to use magnesium/aluminium composite construction in the engine block.[1] It was also listed as one of Ward's 10 Best Engines in 2006 and 2007.[2][3][4]

In European markets, the N52 began to be phased out in favor of its direct injected version, the BMW N53 in 2007. Markets such as the United States, Canada, Australia and Malaysia retained the N52 as the N53 was deemed unsuitable due to the high sulphur content of local fuel.[5]

The N52 and N53 are the last naturally aspirated straight-six engines produced by BMW, ending a history of continuous production of this engine configuration since the BMW M30 in 1968. In 2011, the N52 began to be replaced by the BMW N20 turbocharged four-cylinder engine. N52 production ceased in 2015.[6]

Unlike its predecessors, there is no BMW M version of the N52.

Design

Rear of N52, with Valvetronic visible

Compared with its M54 predecessor, the N52 features Valvetronic (variable valve lift),[7] a lighter block due to the use of a magnesium alloy[8] and an electric water pump (replacing the belt-driven water pump)[9][10] and a variable output oil pump.[11] The redline was increased from 6,500 rpm to 7,000 rpm, except for N52B25 (130 kW).[12]

Like the M54, the N52 uses

variable length intake manifold (also called "DISA").[13][14]

The N52 engine block is made from a combination of magnesium and aluminium.

camshafts were phased in to reduce weight.[11]
Some engines came from the factory equipped with one solid and one hollow camshaft as the solid shaft was being phased out. Engine performance is not affected by installation of mixed camshafts.

The engine control unit (also called "DME") is a Siemens MSV70.[12]

Models

N52 shown from the intake side
Front of the N52
Front of the N52, with VANOS units visible
Exhaust side of the N52
Cutaway view of the N52 intake side, showing the cylinders
Engine Displacement Power Torque Years
N52B25 2,497 cc (152.4 cu in) 130 kW (174 bhp)
at 5,800 rpm		 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft)
at 3,500-5,000 rpm		 2005-2008
150 kW (201 bhp)
at 6,400 rpm		 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2007-2011
160 kW (215 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750-4,250 rpm		 2004-2013
N52B30 2,996 cc (182.8 cu in) 160 kW (215 bhp)
at 6,100 rpm		 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-4,250 rpm		 2006-2010
280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-3,500 rpm		 2010-2011
170 kW (228 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2007-2013
180 kW (241 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2008-2011
190 kW (255 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-4,000 rpm		 2010-2011
190 kW (255 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)
at 2,600 rpm		 2009-2015
195 kW (261 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 315 N⋅m (232 lb⋅ft) at
2,750-4,250 rpm		 2005-2009
200 kW (268 bhp)
at 6,650 rpm		 315 N⋅m (232 lb⋅ft) at
2,750 rpm		 2006-2010

N52B25

130 kW (174 bhp) Applications:[17][18]

  • 2006
    E90
    323i — Canada and Australia
  • 2004-2007
    E60/E61
    523i
  • 2006-2008 E85 Z4 2.5i

150 kW (201 bhp) Applications:

  • 2007-2011
    E90
    323i — Canada and Australia
  • 2010-2011
    F10
    523i
  • 2009-2011 E89 Z4 sDrive23i

160 kW (215 bhp) Applications:

  • 2005-2010 E83 X3 2.5si, xDrive25i
  • 2005-2010
    E60/E61
    525i, 525xi — except U.S. and Canada
  • 2004-2013
    E90/E91/E92/E93
    325i, 325xi — except U.S. and Canada
  • 2005-2008 E85 Z4 2.5si

N52B30

The 3.0 L (183 cu in) models of the N52 have a

engine management software.[19]

160 kW (215 bhp) Applications:[20]

  • 2006-2007 E90/E92/E93 325i, 325xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2006-2007
    E60/E61
    525i, 525xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2006-2008
    E85
    Z4 3.0i — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2008-2011
    E82/E88
    125i
  • 2008-2010
    E60/E61
    528i, 528xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2009-2010
    E84
    X1 xDrive25i

170 kW (228 bhp) Applications:

  • 2007-2013 E90/E91/E92/E93 328i, 328xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2008-2013
    E82/E88
    128i — U.S. and Canada only

180 kW (241 bhp) Applications:[21][22]

  • 2010-2011
    F10
    528i

190 kW (255 bhp) Applications:[23]

  • 2004-2007
    E63/E64
    630i
  • 2005-2007 E90/E92/E93 330i, 330xi
  • 2005-2008
    E65/E66
    730i
  • 2005-2009
    E60/E61
    530i, 530xi
  • 2009-2015 F01 730i
  • 2008-2011 E89 Z4 sDrive30i
  • 2009-2011
    E84
    X1 xDrive28i
  • 2009-2012
    E87
    130i
  • 2010-2011
    F25
    X3 28i

195 kW (261 bhp) Applications:

  • 2005-2008 E85/E86 Z4 3.0si
  • 2006-2009
    E87
    130i

200 kW (268 bhp) Applications:[24]

  • 2006–2010 E83 X3 3.0si
  • 2006-2010 E70 X5 3.0si, xDrive30i
  • 2007-2010
    E63/E64
    630i
  • 2007-2013 E90/E92/E93 330i, 330xi

N51B30

The N51 engine is a SULEV version of the N52 that was sold in parts of the United States that had SULEV legislation.[25] Differences to the N52 versions include a variable-length intake manifold ("DISA") with three stages instead of one, and a compression ratio lowered from 10.7:1 to 10.0:1.[26] Additionally, the N51 features a secondary air pump ("SAP") not present in the ULEV N52.[27]

Recalls

  • In 2017, BMW recalled 740,000 six-cylinder models due to reports of the heater for the crankcase ventilation valve short-circuiting and causing a fire.[28]
  • In 2023, 155,627 vehicles were issued a recall for VANOS bolts that could loosen or break over time.[29]

See also

References

  1. ^ "BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium". www.worldcarfans.com. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  2. ^ "10 Best Engines 2006". www.wardsauto.com. January 2006. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
  3. ^ "Ward's 10 Best Engines 2007". www.wardsauto.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
  4. ^ "Ward's Auto releases annual 10 Best Engines list". autoblog.com.
  5. ^ "BMW's N52 versus N53 – what are we missing?". paultan.org.
  6. ^ "BMW N20 turbo 4 cylinder versus N52 naturally aspirated 6 cylinder". bimmerboost.com.
  7. ^ "BMW N52 and N53 24 Valve Six Cylinder Engines". unixnerd.demon.co.uk.
  8. ^ "2007 BMW 525xi". conceptcarz.com.
  9. ^ "www.worldcarfans.com". BMW's New Six-Cylinder Engines - In Depth. Archived from the original on 9 February 2009.
  10. ^ "The 7 Most Common BMW N52 Engine Problems". 14 May 2019.
  11. ^ a b c "Inside the N52 Engine". mwerks.com.
  12. ^ a b c "BMW N52B30 Engine". www.mywikimotors.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  13. ^ "TMS1764947 - N52 330 Intake Manifold & Software Upgrade". www.turnermotorsport.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  14. ^ "Genuine BMW - 11617559523KT2 Intake Manifold Upgrade Kit". www.ecstuning.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  15. ^ "BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium". www.motor1.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016.
  16. ^ "Nikasil Cylinders". www.looking4spares.co.za. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  17. ^ "Engine specifications- N52". bmwheaven.com.
  18. ^ "5'E60 523i". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  19. ^ "2007 BMW Z4". conceptcarz.com.
  20. ^ "2009 BMW 1 Series - Features & Specs". edmunds.com.
  21. ^ "2011 BMW 528i - Short Take Road Test". caranddriver.com. 8 October 2010.
  22. ^ "Test Drive: 2011 BMW 528i". autos.ca.
  23. ^ "Model selection: F'01 LCI - sedan - 730i". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  24. ^ "2007 BMW 3-series E90 Sedan RWD (2WD) range full specs". www.automobile-catalog.com. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  25. ^ "How Do I Know if I Have an N51 or N52 BMW 6-Cylinder Engine?". www.bavauto.com. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  26. ^ "BMW N51 vs N52 Engine Differences". www.tuningforbmws.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2019. Note: Web page still active, but image links are broken in the current version
  27. ^ "RealOEM.com - Online BMW Parts Catalog". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 2025-03-27.
  28. ^ Caron, Christina. "BMW Recalls Roughly a Million Vehicles at Risk of Catching Fire". New York Times. Retrieved 2022-06-19.
  29. ^ "NHTSA Recall 23V-707" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
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