Baltic Fleet during the October Revolution and Russian Civil War

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The

intervention forces.[2] Over the years, however, the relations of the Baltic Fleet sailors with the Bolshevik regime soured, and they eventually rebelled against the Soviet government in the Kronstadt rebellion
in 1921, but were defeated, and the Fleet de facto ceased to exist as an active military unit.

Fomenting the revolution

Despite the continued

Petrograd. Therefore, the sailors had ample time on their hands and what is more, revolutionary agitators had an easy access to them. The combination of inactivity, low pay, low military morale, hostilities between officers and rank-and-file created an explosive environment, and with the February Revolution the Fleet revolted during the Baltic Fleet Mutiny [ru]. In Helsingfors the mutineers killed almost over 50 officers and petty officers, including Fleet commander-in-chief admiral Adrian Nepenin and Rear Admiral Arkady Nebolsin.[3][4]

In March 1917, the Petrograd Soviet issued its Order No. 1. The order instructed soldiers and sailors to obey their officers and the Russian Provisional Government only if their orders did not contradict the decrees of the Petrograd Soviet. It also called on units to elect representatives to the Soviet and for each unit to elect a sailor/soldier committee which would run the unit.[5] In consequence, the Baltic Fleet had over 500 ship sailor committees, 200 port and shore soviet and 150 coastal defense soldier committees. in April 1917, the Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet (Tsentrobalt) was formed headquartered at Helsingfors.[6]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ ВОЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА – Военная история – Боевой путь Советского Военно-Морского Флота
  2. ^ "Bolshevik Navy Campaigns 1918-19". Archived from the original on 2006-02-06. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
  3. ^ Barrett, 75-76
  4. ^ "Аркадий Константинович Небольсин". Hrono.ru (in Russian). Retrieved November 2, 2022.
  5. ^ The full text was published in Izvestia the following day. It was printed again in Izvestia in July 1917 and in Pravda in March 1917. It is translated in Boyd, "The Origins of Order Number 1," 359-360.
  6. ^ Barrett, p. 77

References

  • Michael B. Barrett, Operation Albion: The German Conquest of the Baltic Islands, 2008,
    ISBN 0253003539
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