Brumberg sisters

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Valentina Brumberg
Born
Valentina Semyonovna Brumberg

(1899-08-02)August 2, 1899
USSR
OccupationAnimation director
Zinaida Brumberg
Born
Zinaida Semyonovna Brumberg

(1900-08-02)August 2, 1900
USSR
OccupationAnimation director

Valentina Semyonovna Brumberg (

RSFSR in 1968.[1][2][3]

Biography

Valentina and Zinaida Brumberg were born in Moscow into a

Jewish family. Their father Semyon Brumberg was a doctor who later took part in the World War I, while their mother Cecilia Brumberg was a music teacher.[4] They were described by their friends as "two complete opposites": Valentina — as a short, active woman always obsessed with ideas and Zinaida — as a tall, slow woman who preferred to sit at home.[5] In 1916 both sisters graduated from a Moscow gymnasium with Diplomas of Education. In 1918 they entered Vkhutemas which they finished in 1925.[4]

Same year they joined the Experimental Workshop led by

frames per second it ran over 50 minutes at the time, which made it one of the world's first animated features.[3][6] It was also noted for a variety of art styles contributed by various young animators such as the Brumberg sisters, Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Vladimir Suteev
.

In 1928 they co-directed their first hand-drawn animated short

Nenets art and followed a dramatic narrative which Khodataev described as "the first steps in conquering the tragedy genre".[7] In 1934 they joined forces with Ivanov-Vano and co-directed Tsar Durandai (also known as The Tale of Tsar Durandai) based on the satirical Russian fairy tale and filled with impressive animation.[4]

Tsar Durandai (1934), surviving part

In 1936 the Brumberg sisters along with many other Moscow-based animators moved to the newly founded

Disney-styled shorts based on the popular children's fairy tales such as Little Red Riding Hood and The Magic Swan Geese
. Since 1937 they had been directing films on their own.

With the start of the

rotoscopy (known as Eclair in the Soviet Union after the Eclair video projector) and even invited Igor Moiseyev to stage the dances.[4]

During the next 15 years they produced a number of other Eclair-based features and short films such as The Night Before Christmas (1951) and The Island of Mistakes (1955), often teaming with their close friend, a comedy actor Mikhail Yanshin who not only lent his appearance, movements and voice, but also worked as a screenwriter and consulting director, providing them with the talents of the Moscow Art Theatre.[8]

At the same time, 1948 was marked by the release of Fedya Zaitcev about the adventures of a stickman in Moscow. Despite accusations of formalism and hidden subtexts, it was very popular among children, and the stickman turned into an emblem of Soyuzmultfilm for many years.[4][5]

With

of the same name consisted of simple geometric shapes.[4] They directed a number of satirical shorts, as well as adaptations of the Brothers Grimm fairy tales and Oscar Wilde's The Canterville Ghost
(1970).

The Brumberg sisters left the industry in 1974, and in just a year Valentina Brumberg died of illness. Zinaida Brumberg died six years later. They were buried in Moscow.

Selected filmography

See also

References

  1. ^ Giannalberto Bendazzi (2016). Animation: A World History: Volume I: Foundations - The Golden Age at Google Books, p. 177
  2. ^ Giannalberto Bendazzi (2016). Animation: A World History: Volume II: The Birth of a Style - The Three Markets at Google Books, p. 78
  3. ^ a b Sergey Kapkov (2006). Encyclopedia of Domestic Animation, pp. 129–130, 14
  4. ^ a b c d e f The Stars of Russian Animation. Valentina and Zinaida Brumberg Archived 2022-02-10 at the Wayback Machine by Irina Margolina and Eduard Nazarov, Studio M.I.R., 2013 (in Russian)
  5. ^
    ISBN 5-91105-007-2
  6. ^ a b Ivan Ivanov-Vano (1980). Frame by Frame. — Moscow: Iskusstvo, pp. 18, 129
  7. ^ The Stars of Russian Animation. Film 2. Nikolai Khodataev Archived 2022-02-11 at the Wayback Machine by Irina Margolina and Eduard Nazarov, 2010 (in Russian)
  8. ISSN 0235-8212
    (in Russian)

External links
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