CCJ connector

portapacks—which were common before the dawn of camcorders, which married both the camera and the VTR.^{[1]: 63 [4]: 149 [6]}

open reel video tape. Both standards enabled non-broadcast-professional enthusiasts and industrial prosumers alike to use any competitor's consumer video camera equipment without having to worrying about interoperability in most cases, largely (but not entirely) escaping the vendor lock-in situation present in the field in the earlier portion of the 1960s.^{[4]: 149–150 [7]: 183 [8]: 81–82} Despite being used by many Japanese manufacturers—including but not limited to Sony, Panasonic, Akai, Hitachi, and JVC^{[5]: 193 [7]: 183}—for their video camera and tape equipment, the invention of CCJ is largely attributed to Sony.^[2][5]

vertical sync signals, a remote control signal (for trigger the stopping and starting recording from the camera rather than the VTR), a +12 V DC power wire, and a ground wire.^{[7]: 183 [3]: 192} While most black and white video cameras conform to a standard pinout,^{[1]: 63 [3]: 192} not all do,^{[4]: 172 [9]: 24–25} and with the advent of cameras and portapacks that could record color signals onto EIAJ-1 tape, the pinouts began to diverge greatly.^[2]