Caesarea in Palaestina (diocese)

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The archiepiscopal see of Caesarea in Palaestina, also known as

Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem and also a titular see of the Catholic Church.[1]
It was one of the earliest Christian bishoprics, and was a metropolitan see at the time of the
Latin patriarch of Jerusalem
.

History

The

Library of Caesarea Maritima established by Pamphilus of Caesarea remained in existence until the Arabs invaded Palestine
in the 7th century.

The diocese suffered a troubled history following the decline of the

Sassanid Persians
in the early 7th century. Following the conquest of the Holy Land by the Islamic armies in the 630s, the diocese and city suffered tremendously and steadily declined in size and importance. It was finally conquered in 640 following a protracted siege.

Nonetheless, it remained overwhelmingly Christian, and in the absence of imperial oversight, its independence increased and the archbishop became the effective ruler of the area.[citation needed] By the 9th century there was a substantial colony of Frankish settlers established by

Emperor Charlemagne to facilitate Christian pilgrimages.[citation needed
] However, by the 10th century, as periodic Islamic persecution continued and the aura of Byzantine Imperial authority made a resurgence, the diocese fell under the influence of the
patriarch of Constantinople
for protection and supervision and increasingly fell under Byzantine authority.

St

Persians
.

Following the

Roman Catholic
community.

During the crusader period, the community became Catholic in 1101. The Frankish community vastly increased in size and a Latin archbishop was established. Under the crusaders, the diocese increased over time to having ten suffragan bishops, including the bishop of

of Tyre
.

There was a legend that the Holy Grail had been discovered in Caesarea; the ancient chalice found there in 1101 was later taken to Paris.[5]

Since 1975 and until 2012, Eastern Orthodox Metropolitan of Caesarea was

Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
. It is unknown who is the current metropolitan.

Bishops of Caesarea

Latin archbishops of Caesarea

  • Baldwin I (1101–1107)
  • Ehremar
    (1108–1123 or later)
  • Pagan (died c. 1129)
  • Gaudentius (c. 1140)
  • Baldwin II (?–1156?)
  • Harvey (1157–1173)
  • Heraclius
    (1173–1180)
  • Monachus (1181–1194)
  • Peter I (1199–1237)
  • Peter II (c. 1230)
  • Lociaumes (1244–1266)

Titular see

References

  1. ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1
    ), "Sedi titolari", p. 867
  2. Eusebius of Caesarea, "Ecclesiastical History
    ," VII.xxxii.25.
  3. ^ Jerome, "Epistles" xxxiv
  4. ^ Swete, H. B. Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek, pp. 74-75.
  5. ^ Cross, F. L.. ed. (1957) The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. London: Oxford University Press; p. 214
  6. ^ newadvent.org's Apostolic Constitutions Book VII: "Of Cæsarea of Palestine, the first was Zacchæus, who was once a publican; after whom was Cornelius, and the third Theophilus."
  7. ^ Encyclopédie Franciscaine Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine

External links

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