Campbell's Island, Illinois
Campbell's Island | |
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CDT) | |
FIPS code | 17-10786 |
Campbell's Island is an island and unincorporated community in the
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/House_in_the_Woods_Campbell%27s_Island_1907.jpg/220px-House_in_the_Woods_Campbell%27s_Island_1907.jpg)
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | 275 | — | |
U.S. Decennial Census[2] |
History
War of 1812
Campbell's Island was the site of the
However, the movement of Euro-American militiamen and families into northwestern Illinois continued, and in the Black Hawk War of 1832 the Sauk were decisively defeated. The Quad Cities area was "opened to settlement," and Campbell's Island was named in honor of the loser of the 1814 battle, John Campbell.[6]
Early 1900s
At the turn of the 20th century, Campbell's Island was bought by a streetcar company who intended to build an amusement park which would have covered the island. In 1904 the first streetcar bridge was constructed atop a closing dam that had been built by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1899.[7]
Campbell's Island was a popular resort area in the early to mid 20th century. Cottages were available for rent, and some of the more affluent built their own summer cabins. Extra streetcars were added to the island in the mornings and afternoons to accommodate seasonal residents traveling to and from work in the cities.
The House-In-the-Woods, built in 1904, offered dining on the first floor and orchestra concerts in the ballroom on the second floor. It was destroyed by fire in 1911, but rebuilt the following spring and eventually renamed The Campbell's Island Inn. In the late 1950s the inn became the Ship's Wheel Boat Club, encompassing a visitor's dock and marina. After surviving flood damage in 1965, the boat club and marina burned down in 1979.[7][8]
Today
The size and shape of Campbell's Island has been somewhat variable in historic times, due to additions and subtractions created by the power of the Mississippi River. Today, the island is approximately 1.25 miles (2 km) long and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) wide. It is the home of a suburban community that dwells on a ring road that circles the island. The low-lying Campbell's Island is subject to flooding, and many of the island homes are raised, built on stilts, or otherwise constructed so as to minimize damage during periods of high water such as the Great Flood of 1993. The bridge to East Moline was built in 1938 and completely rebuilt in 1999.[9]
The Rock Island Rapids, a riffle in the Upper Mississippi River after which the 1814 battle was named, have disappeared. The riffle was replaced in 1934 by Lock and Dam No. 15, an engineering structure several miles downstream from Campbell's Island.
Notes
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
- ^ "Rock Island (Campbell's Island)", U.S. National Park Service, accessed October 19, 2007.[1][permanent dead link]
- ^ Gilpin, p. 249-250
- ^ Eaton, p. 21
- ^ "Campbell's Island", Illinois State Historical Society (historic marker), accessed October 13, 2007.[2] Archived 2008-08-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Coopman, David T. Rock Island County. Charleston SC, Chicago IL, Portsmouth NH, San Francisco CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2008.
- ^ "Campbell's Island had nice restaurant".
- ^ "Campbell's Island Bridge", Upper Mississippi River Bridges Project, accessed October 13, 2007.[3]
References
- Eaton, Joseph H. (2000). Returns of Killed and Wounded in Battles or Engagements with Indians and British and Mexican Troops, 1790–1848, Compiled by Lt. Col J. H. Eaton (Eaton's Compilation). Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration Microfilm Publications.
- Gilpin, Alec R. (1958). The War of 1812 in the Old Northwest. East Lansing, MI: The Michigan State University Press.