Caroline Rhys Davids
Caroline Rhys Davids | |
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School of Oriental and African Studies), Victoria University of Manchester (today University of Manchester ) |
Caroline Augusta Foley Rhys Davids (1857–1942) was a British writer and translator. She made a contribution to economics before becoming widely known as an editor, translator, and interpreter of
Early life and education
Caroline Augusta Foley was born on 27 September 1857 in Wadhurst, East Sussex, England to John Foley and Caroline Elizabeth Foley (née Windham). She was born into a family with a long ecclesiastic history: her father, John Foley, served as the vicar of Wadhurst from 1847 to 1888; her grandfather and great grandfather had served as rector of Holt, Worcestershire and vicar of Mordiford, Herefordshire, respectively.
Two years before her birth, five of her siblings died within one month in December 1855/January 1856 from
Rhys Davids was home schooled by her father and then attended
Career
As a student, she was already a prolific writer and a vocal campaigner in the movements for
Before moving into Buddhist studies, Rhys Davids made a contribution to Economics. She wrote seventeen entries for Palgrave Dictionary of Political Economy (1894-99/1910), including "Rent of ability," "Science, Economic, as distinguished from art," "Statics, Social, and social dynamics," as well as twelve biographical entries. Her entry, "Fashion, economic influence of," was related to her 1893 Economic Journal article, "Fashion," and reflects an unusual economic interest (see Fullbrook 1998). She also translated articles for the Economic journal from the German, French and Italian, including Carl Menger's influential 1892 article "On the Origin of Money".[7] In 1896 Rhys Davids published two sets of lecture notes by her former teacher and mentor George Croom Robertson: one on psychology[8] and one on philosophy.[9] Rhys Davids was on the editorial board of the Economic Journal from 1891 to 1895.
T. W. Rhys Davids encouraged his then pupil Caroline to pursue Buddhist studies and do research about Buddhist psychology and the place of women in Buddhism. Thus, among her first works were a translation of the
Rhys Davids held two academic positions: Lecturer in Indian Philosophy at
Her translations of Pāli texts were at times idiosyncratic, but her contribution as editor, translator, and interpreter of Buddhist texts was considerable. She was one of the first scholars to translate
After the death of her son in 1917 and her husband in 1922, Rhys Davids turned to
Although earlier in her career she accepted more mainstream beliefs about Buddhist teachings, later in life she rejected the concept of
Family
Caroline Augusta Foley married
Vivien won the Clara Evelyn Mordan Scholarship to
Rhys Davids died suddenly in Chipstead, Surrey on 26 June 1942. She was 84.
Works and translations
Books
- Buddhism: A Study of the Buddhist Norm (1912)
- Buddhist Psychology: An Inquiry into the Analysis and Theory of Mind in Pāli Literature (1914)
- Old Creeds and New Needs (1923)
- The Will to Peace (1923)
- Will & Willer (1926)
- Gotama the Man (1928)
- Sakya: or, Buddhist Origins (1928)
- Stories of the Buddha : Being Selections from the Jataka (1929)
- Kindred Sayings on Buddhism (1930)
- The Milinda-questions : An Inquiry into its Place in the History of Buddhism with a Theory as to its Author (1930)
- A Manual of Buddhism for Advanced Students (1932)
- Outlines of Buddhism: A Historical Sketch (1934)
- Buddhism: Its Birth and Dispersal (1934) - A completely rewritten work to replace Buddhism: A Study of the Buddhist Norm (1912)
- Indian Religion and Survival: A Study (1934)
- The Birth of Indian Psychology and its Development in Buddhism (1936)
- To Become or not to Become (That is the Question!): Episodes in the History of an Indian Word (1937)
- What is your Will (1937) - A rewrite of Will & Willr
- What was the original gospel in 'Buddhism'? (1938)
- More about the Hereafter (1939)
- Wayfarer's Words, V. I-III - A compilation of most of C. A. F. Rhys Davids articles and lectures, mostly from the latter part of her career. V. I (1940), V. II (1941), V. III (1942 - posthumously)
Translations
- A Buddhist manual of psychological ethics or Buddhist Psychology, of the Fourth Century B.C., being a translation, now made for the first time, from the Original Pāli of the First Book in the Abhidhamma-Piţaka, entitled Dhamma-Sangaṇi (Compendium of States or Phenomena) (1900). (Includes an original 80-page introduction.) Reprint currently available from Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 0-7661-4702-9.
- Psalms of the Early Buddhists: Volume I. Psalms of the Sisters. By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. London: Pāli Text Society, 1909, at A Celebration of Women Writers
- Points of controversy; or, Subjects of discourse; being a translation of the Kathā-vatthu from the Abhidhamma-piṭaka, Co-authored with Shwe Zan Aung (1915)
Articles
This section's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. (August 2020) |
- On the Will in Buddhism By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. (1898) pp. 47–59
- Notes on Early Economic Conditions in Northern India By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. (1901) pp. 859–888
- The Soul-Theory in Buddhism By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1903) pp. 587–591
- Buddhism and Ethics By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Buddhist Review Vol. 1 No. 1. (1909) pp. 13–23
- Intellect and the Khandha Doctrine By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Buddhist Review. Vol. 2. No. 1 (1910) pp. 99–115
- Pāli Text Society By Shwe Zan Aung and C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. (1917) pp. 403–406
- The Patna Congress and the "Man" By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. (1929) pp. 27–36
- Original Buddhism and Amṛta By C. A. F. Rhys Davids. Melanges chinois et bouddhiques. July 1939. pp. 371–382
See also
Notes
- ^ 'DAVIDS, Caroline A. F. Rhys', Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2014. accessed 28 Sept 2017[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Church Guide" (PDF). Wadhurst Parish Church. p. 13. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ Payne, Russell (21 May 2012). "The Foley Family. A tragedy from the past (The Secrets of Wadhurst Church)". YouTube. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ISBN 1-899468-78-1.
- ^ Revell, Alex. (1984). Brief Glory: The Life of Arthur Rhys Davids. William Kimber, p.14.
- ^ University of Manchester, Register of Graduates And Holders of Diplomas And Certificates 1851–1958 [filed under Davids]
- ^ Robert W. Dimand. (1999) Women Economists in the 1890s: Journals, Books and the Old Palgrave. Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 21 (3): 272
- ^ Robertson, George, Croom. (1896a). Elements of Psychology. Ed. by Davids, C. A. F. Rhys. 1896. https://archive.org/stream/elementsofpsycho00robeuoft#page/xii/mode/2up
- ^ Robertson, George, Croom. (1896b) Elements of General Philosophy. Ed. by Davids, C. A. F. Rhys. https://archive.org/details/elementsofconstr00robeuoft
- ^ 'DAVIDS, Caroline A. F. Rhys', Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2014. accessed 28 Sept 2017[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Rhys Davids family — Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies". Archived from the original on 1 October 2017. Retrieved 1 October 2017.
- ^ "Davids, Caroline Augusta Foley Rhys- - Archives Hub".
- ^ "St Hugh's College, Oxford - Chronicle 1934-1935". 8 September 2015.
- ^ "Rhys Davids family — Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies". Archived from the original on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
References
- 'DAVIDS, Caroline A. F. Rhys', in Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2014. (online edn, April 2014) accessed 28 Sept 2017[permanent dead link]
- Neal, Dawn. (2014) The Life and Contributions of CAF Rhys Davids. The Sati Journal, 2: 15–31. https://www.academia.edu/11805005/The_Life_and_Contributions_of_CAF_Rhys_Davids
- Dimand, Robert W. (September 1999). "Women Economists in the 1890s: Journals, Books and the Old Palgrave". Journal of the History of Economic Thought. 21 (3): 269–288. S2CID 154662501.
- Snodgrass, Judith (2007). "Defining Modern Buddhism: Mr. and Mrs. Rhys Davids and the Pāli Text Society". Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 27 (1): 186–202. Project MUSE 215908.
- Wickremeratne, Ananda. The Genesis of an Orientalist: Thomas William Rhys Davids and Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1984. ISBN 0-8364-0867-5.
- Stede, W. (July 1942). "Caroline Augusta Foley Rhys Davids". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 74 (3–4): 267–268. S2CID 163879042.
External links
- Mrs. Rhys Davids' Dialogue with Psychology (1893-1924) By Teresina Rowell Havens. Philosophy East & West. V. 14 (1964) pp. 51–58
- Records of Caroline Rhys Davids at Senate House Library, University of London
- "LC Online Catalog - Caroline Rhys Davids". catalog.loc.gov. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
- University of Cambridge Library Archive Collection - Rhys Davids Family