Cas3
| CRISPR-associated protein 3 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | cas3 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF18395 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR041372 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Cas3 is an ATP-dependent single-strand DNA (ssDNA) translocase/helicase enzyme that degrades DNA as part of CRISPR based immunity.[1]
Cas3 is a "signature" protein of class 1 CRISPR systems and functions in a complex known as CASCADE, with other cas genes and a targeting RNA to degrade viral DNA.[1]
In April 2019 Cornell University researcher Ailong Ke published a paper in the journal Molecular Cell describing a new gene editing CRISPR system, CRISPR-Cas3 which can efficiently delete long swaths of DNA from a targeted site in the human genome. This ability is superior to that achieved with the more common CRISPR-Cas9 systems.[2]
CONAN, a CRISPR based diagnostic approach was developed utilising Cas3 [3]
Structure and function
Thermophile Thermobifida fusca Cas3 is a four domain protein with an N-terminal HD-type nuclease domain, followed by two RecA-like domains forming a superfamily 2 helicase motif, then the Cas3 specific linker and C-terminal domain. Single stranded DNA is passed 3′-to-5′ from the helicase domain to the nuclease domain where it is hydrolysed.[4]
References
- ^ PMID 32085454.
- ^ "CRISPR-Cas3 innovation holds promise for disease cures, advancing science". Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
- PMID 35128347.
- PMID 25132177.
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