Charlotte Mew

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Charlotte Mew
Charlotte Mew in 1900
Born
Charlotte Mary Mew

15 November 1869
Bloomsbury, London, England
Died24 March 1928 (1928-03-25) (aged 58)
Westminster, England, United Kingdom
OccupationWriter
Notable workThe Farmer's Bride (1916), The Rambling Sailor (1929)

Charlotte Mary Mew (15 November 1869 – 24 March 1928) was an English poet whose work spanned the eras of Victorian poetry and Modernism.

Early life and education

The blue plaque at 30 Doughty Street, where she was born[1]

Mew was born in

institutions,[5]
and three others died in early childhood, leaving Charlotte, her mother, and her sister Anne.

Charlotte and Anne made a pact never to marry for fear of passing mental illness on to their children. Mew was likely a lesbian; according to Penelope Fitzgerald's account in Mew's entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, after Mew's first short story was published in the Yellow Book journal, "she met and was deeply attracted to its dashing assistant editor, Ella D'Arcy. In 1902 she went to meet Ella in Paris, but the visit was a bitter disappointment. Ten years later she fell in love with the novelist May Sinclair, and apparently chased her into the bedroom, where she was humiliatingly rejected. Her divided nature made these emotional disasters particularly painful because her ladylike side ... totally disapproved of them."[2] One scholar believes that Charlotte was "almost certainly chastely lesbian".[7] However, a more recent biography by the poet Julia Copus questions some of these assumptions about Charlotte Mew. Copus mentions that Mew has "frequently been identified as a lesbian" including by Penelope Fitzgerald. Yet, she adds, there is also a rumour that Mew "conducted an illicit affair with Thomas Hardy". Copus argues that "such hypotheses occur when there is a vacuum surrounding a writer’s private life; we do not like to accept that no evidence can be found – or indeed that there may have been no active love life at all." The matter, Copus continues, is further compounded by the fact that Mew was exceptionally private and omitted even to provide biographical notes for anthologies.[8]


Mew had a strong sense of style: her friend and editor Alida Monro remembers her wearing distinctive red worsted stockings in the winter months, and she insisted on buying her black, button-up boots (in a tiny size 2) from Pinet's bootmakers in Mayfair; items left to different friends in her will (such as a "small three drop diamond pendant" and a "scarlet Chinese embroidered scarf") also suggest a keen interest in fashion.[9] In later years, she often dressed in masculine attire, adopting the appearance of a dandy.[10] Another biography by Julia Copus questions this notion of Charlotte Mew as a dandy, suggesting her attire was not quintessentially "masculine" as has been claimed in the past.[11]

Writing career

In 1894, Mew succeeded in getting a short story published in

Macmillan. It earned her the admiration of Sydney Cockerell and drew respect for her as a poet from writers such as Sara Teasdale, Ezra Pound, and Virginia Woolf.[14][16]

Her poems are varied: some of them (such as "Madeleine in Church") are passionate discussions of faith and the possibility of belief in God; others are proto-modernist in form and atmosphere ("In Nunhead Cemetery"). She made experimental use of long, prose-like lines, and varieties of enjambment and indentation, which has been praised for its originality.[17] Many of her poems are in the form of dramatic monologues, and she often wrote from the point of view of a male persona ("The Farmer's Bride"). Two concern mental illness – "Ken" and "On the Asylum Road". Many of Mew's poems, including "Ken", "The Farmer's Bride", and "Saturday Market", are about outcast figures, expressing Mew's feelings of alienation from the community in which she lived.[18] Her poem "The Trees Are Down" is a poignant plea for ecological sensitivity and is singled out particularly in the anthology The Green Book of Poetry by Ivo Mosley.

Mew gained the patronage of several literary figures, notably

Civil List pension of £75 per year with the aid of Cockerell, Hardy, John Masefield, and Walter de la Mare.[20] This helped ease her financial difficulties.[citation needed
]

Decline and death

Despite the critical success of her work, Mew did not earn enough money to support herself as well as her mother and sister. In 1916, the house they lived in was condemned.[14]

After the death of her sister from cancer in 1927, Mew continued to live at 64, Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square. She descended into a deep depression and was admitted to the Beaumont Street Nursing Home in Marylebone,[14][21] where she committed suicide by drinking Lysol, a disinfectant.[22] After Mew's death, her friend Alida Monro (who was married to Harold Monro, publisher of Mew's first book), collected and edited her poetry for publication as The Rambling Sailor, released in 1929.[14]

Mew is buried in the northern part of Hampstead Cemetery in London.[23]

References

  1. ^ Julia Copus (19 January 2018), A new blue plaque: rediscovering Charlotte Mew by Julia Copus, Faber & Faber
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. (Subscription or UK public library membership
    required.)
  3. ^ "Hampstead: Local Government | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
  4. OCLC 53478292
    .
  5. ^
    OCLC 1079410083.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
  6. OCLC 19516336
    .
  7. ISBN 0-415-94140-7
    .
  8. ^ Copus, This Rare Spirit
  9. OCLC 1079410083.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
  10. ISBN 0-415-94140-7
    .
  11. ^ Copus, This Rare Spirit
  12. ^ Mew, Charlotte M. (1894). Passed. The Yellow Book. Vol. 2. London: Elkin Mathews & John Lane. pp. 121–41.
  13. ^ "Queer Sexuality and New Woman Fiction in Charlotte Mew's "Passed" – Y90s Classroom".
  14. ^ a b c d e "Charlotte Mew". Poetry Foundation. 13 June 2023.
  15. ^ Fitzgerald, Charlotte Mew and Her Friends (New York, 1988), p. 66.
  16. ^ Fitzgerald, Charlotte Mew and Her Friends (New York, 1988), p. 102.
  17. ^ Rumens, Carol (23 December 2019). "Poem of the week: Not for That City by Charlotte Mew". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
  18. ^ Fitzgerald, Charlotte Mew and Her Friends (New York, 1988), p. 139.
  19. ^ Fitzgerald, Charlotte Mew and Her Friends (New York, 1988), p. 180.
  20. ^ Rice, Nelljean McConeghey (2003). A New Matrix for Modernism: A Study of the Lives and Poetry of Charlotte Mew and Anna Wickham. Routledge, p. 35.
  21. ^ Warner, Val. "Mary Magdalene and the Bride: The Work of Charlotte Mew". Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2009.
  22. ^ Motion, Andrew (16 April 2021). "Dreams that take my breath". Times Literary Supplement. Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  23. ^ Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3rd edn: 2 (Kindle Location 32265). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition

Further reading

  • This Rare Spirit: A Life of Charlotte Mew, Julia Copus, Faber, 2021.
  • Charlotte Mew: Selected Poetry and Prose, edited with an introduction and notes by Julia Copus, Faber, 2019
  • Charlotte Mew and Her Friends, Penelope Fitzgerald, Collins, 1984.
  • Dictionary of Literary Biography, Vol. 19: British Poets, 1880–1914. London, 1983
  • Charlotte Mew: Collected Poems and Prose, edited with an introduction by Val Warner. London, 1981

External links

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