Continuous mandatory ventilation
Continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV) is a
Expected outcomes and considerations.
Continuous mandatory ventilation is associated with profound diaphragm muscle dysfunction and atrophy. [1] CMV is no longer the preferred mode of mechanical ventilation. [2]
Volume-controlled CMV
Limit
Limits in VC-CMV may be set and pressure based. The ventilator will attempt to deliver the set tidal volume by utilizing whatever pressure is required to reach its setting. A pressure limit may be added to limit damage to the lungs (barotrauma).
Cycle
Expiration cycling can be set by time or the pressure limit. Once the Ti (inspiratory time) is reached, or a pressure limit is reached, the ventilator will cycle into expiratory mode and allow passive exhalation until another breath is triggered.
Pressure-controlled CMV
Pressure control (PC) is a pressure-controlled mode of ventilation. The ventilator delivers a flow to maintain the preset pressure at a preset respiratory rate over a preset inspiratory time. [3]
The pressure is constant during the inspiratory time, and the flow is decelerating. If, for any reason, pressure decreases during inspiration, the flow from the ventilator will immediately increase to maintain the set inspiratory pressure. [4]
Dual-control modes
Dual-control modes are
Out-dated terminology
Many terms have been developed to describe the same modes of mechanical ventilation. The nomenclature of mechanical ventilation has become more standardized, and these terms are no longer preferred but may still be seen in older research. [5] There are many different names that were historically used to refer to CMV but now refer to Assist Control. [5] Names such as volume control ventilation and volume cycled ventilation in modern usage refer to the Assist Control mode.
- Assist/control
- A/C
- CMV
- Volume assist/control
- Volume control
- Volume limited ventilation
- Volume controlled ventilation
- Controlled ventilation
- Volume targeted ventilation
See also
- Continuous spontaneous ventilation
- List of modes of mechanical ventilation by category
- Modes of mechanical ventilation
- Pressure controlled continuous mandatory ventilation
- Pressure controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation
- Volume controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation