Coquille people
The Coquille (
Name
According to the Coquille Indian Tribe's website, the name comes from a native word for lamprey, a staple food for the tribe. European settlers approximated the word as KOH-kwel but it came to be spelled Coquille (the French word for shell). Eventually the pronunciation of the town and river shifted to koh-KEEL, but the tribe's name retained the older pronunciation.[1]
Groups
The Coquille are part Lower Coquille Miluk and part
Languages
The Coquille people historically spoke two languages,
The Coquille Indian Tribe is involved in language revitalization efforts for both Miluk and Upper Coquille Athabaskan, and the Confederated Tribe of Siletz has a language program focused on Siletz Dee-ni, a loosely standardized variety of the Oregon Athabaskan language, which is a heritage language for many of the communities that make up Siletz.[5][6]
History
Human occupation of the coastal areas of the Coquille watershed dates back as far as 8,000 years, and 11,000 years in inland areas. Fish traps used on the lower Coquille River have been dated back at least 1,000 years. Extensive oral histories of the Coquille have been collected and preserved at the Coquille Indian Tribe Library in Coos Bay, Oregon.[4][7]
The Coquille fished in the
Modern scholars have documented an extensive network of trails, footpaths, and canoe routes that the Coquille people had developed by the time of contact by the North West Company's Alexander McLeod in 1826.[10]
Mid-19th century to the present
After the treaty of 1855, the Coquille people were forced to move to the
The Rogue River Athabascan tribes (including Coquille), Takelma, Latgawa and Shasta peoples were in 19th century collectively known as Rogue River Indians.
See also
- Coquelle Thompson
- Coquille Indian Tribe
- Confederated Tribes of the Siletz
Footnotes
- ^ "How Do You Pronounce That?". Coquille Indian Tribe. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- ^ Gaston, Joseph. "The Indians of Old Oregon: Centennial History of Oregon". Retrieved 2014-04-06.
- ^ Wayne Suttles Volume editor "Handbook of North American Indians: Northwest Coast" Volume 7, Jay Miller and William R. Seaburg "Athapaskans of Southwestern Oregon", Government Printing Office, Smithsonian Institution Washington, 1990, p. 580-586 [1]
- ^ a b c "Tututni-Chasta Costa-Coquille". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
- ^ "Our Languages". Coquille Indian Tribe. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- ^ "About the Siletz Tribal Language Project". Siletz Tribal Language Project. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- ^ "Coquille Indian Tribe Library". Coquille Indian Tribe. Archived from the original on 2014-04-05. Retrieved 2014-04-06.
- ^ Byram, R. Scott (January 2002). "Brush Fences and Basket Traps: The Archaeology and Ethnohistory of Tidewater Weir Fishing on the Oregon Coast". Archived from the original on 2014-04-05. Retrieved 2014-04-06.
- ISBN 978-0-8061-8950-5.
- ^ Zybach, Bob; Don Ivy (2013-01-04). "Coquelle Trails: Early Historical Roads and Trails of the Ancestral Coquille Indian Lands (Vols. I & II)". Retrieved 2014-04-06.
- ^ Wasson, George B. "Growing up Indian : an Emic perspective". Retrieved 2014-04-06.
Further reading
- Hall, Roberta L. The Coquille Indians : yesterday, today and tomorrow. Lake Oswego, Or. : Smith, Smith and Smith Publishing, 1984.
- Hall, Roberta L. Oral traditions of the Coquille Indians. 1978.
- Hall, Roberta L. People of the Coquille Estuary : native use of resources on the Oregon coast : an investigation of cultural and environmental change in the Bandon area employing archaeology, ethnology, human biology, and geology. Corvallis, Or. : Words and Pictures Unlimited, 1995.
External links
- "Native Americans of the Coos Bay Area Pathfinder". CoquilleValley.org. Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2014-04-06.