County Borough of Southend on Sea

Coordinates: 51°33′N 0°43′E / 51.55°N 0.71°E / 51.55; 0.71
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Southend-on-Sea
Southend (1866–1893)
Area
 • 196110,285 acres (41.6 km2)
Population
 • 1961165,093
History
 • Created1866
Status
Civil parish (1913–1974)
County borough (1914–1974)
GovernmentSouthend Local Board (1866–1892)
Southend Corporation (1892–1974)
non-metropolitan district (1974-present)
 • MottoPer Mare Per Ecclesiam (By Sea, By Church)
Coat of arms
Coat of arms granted in 1915

Southend-on-Sea is a local government district around the seaside resort of Southend-on-Sea in Essex, England. Its origin was a local board formed for the parish of St John the Baptist, which had been split off from Prittlewell for ecclesiastical purposes in 1842. It was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1892. In 1889, when Essex County Council was formed, Southend-on-Sea was within the administrative county of Essex. However, through expansion in area and population by 1914 it was split off from the administrative county as a county borough. The local authority was Southend Local Board from 1886 and Southend Corporation from 1892. The corporation changed the name of the town from Southend to Southend-on-Sea in 1893. In 1974 the county borough was reconstituted as a non-metropolitan district with the same boundaries and some powers were transferred to Essex County Council. On 1 April it became a unitary authority area thus independent of Essex County Council again[1] but still in the ceremonial county of Essex.[2]

Governance

Southend adopted the

Essex Constabulary.[5]

On 14 December 1995 Leigh on Sea became a civil parish.[6] The rest of the district remains unparished.

In March 2022 the district was granted city status.

Expansion

The local government district originally consisted of the South End of the parish of Prittlewell. This became a separate parish of St John the Baptist for ecclesiastical purposes in 1842. In 1877 the local government district was expanded to include all of the parish of Prittlewell, including the settlements of Westcliff and Chalkwell.

The parish of Southchurch was absorbed by the borough of Southend-on-Sea on 1 November 1897.[7]

In 1913 the borough was expanded by gaining the former area of

Leigh (1527 acres) and part of the parish of Eastwood (383 acres) from Rochford Rural District
. The civil parishes within the borough were combined to form a single parish of Southend-on Sea.

In 1933 the borough was expanded by gaining territory of

South Shoebury (1031 acres) was gained.[9]

Transport

Using the powers secured in 1875, the local board took over Southend Pier. The borough had tram, trolleybus and bus undertakings that were operated by Southend Corporation Transport.

Replacement

On 1 April 1969 the separate borough police force was reincorporated into the Essex police as the

Southend-on-Sea District Council and Essex County Council, which were established as shadow authorities in 1973. The new district had the same boundaries as the county borough.[11][12]

Coat of arms

Coat of arms of County Borough of Southend on Sea
Notes
Granted on 1 & 2 January 1915.[13]
Crest
Issuant out of a mural crown Gules the mast of a ship proper flying therefrom a flag Argent charged with a cross throughout Gules.
Escutcheon
Azure on a pile Argent between on the dexter an anchor erect on the sinister a grid-iron and in base a trefoil slipped Or a flower vase issuing therefrom a spray of lilies Proper.
Supporters
On the dexter side a mediaeval fisherman holding a net with his exterior hand all Proper and on the sinister side a Cluniac monk Proper holding in the dexter hand a book Gules and in the exterior hand a staff also Proper.
Motto
Per Mare Per Ecclesiam (Through The Sea Through The Church)

References

  1. ^ "The Essex (Boroughs of Colchester, Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock and District of Tendring) (Structural, Boundary and Electoral Changes) Order 1996". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  2. ^ "Lieutenancies Act 1997". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  3. ^ The Southend Local Board Act, 1875
  4. ^ Ian Yearsley, (2016), Southend in 50 Buildings
  5. ^ "The borough forces" (PDF). Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  6. ^ "Southend on Sea Registration District". UKBMD. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  7. ^ "Essex Archives Online - Catalogue: D/BC 1/4/12/1005".
  8. ^ "Rochford RD". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  9. ^ "Southend on Sea CP". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  10. ^ Thamesside county urged to tackle river problems. The Times. 19 January 1972.
  11. ^ "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972". Legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  12. ^ "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973". Legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  13. ^ "East of England Region". Civic Heraldry of England. Retrieved 9 March 2021.

51°33′N 0°43′E / 51.55°N 0.71°E / 51.55; 0.71

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