De Rat, IJlst
De Rat, IJlst | |
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![]() De Rat, June 2011, 300 years old | |
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Origin | |
Mill name | De Rat |
Mill location | Sneekerpad 16, 8651 NE, IJlst |
Coordinates | 53°00′46″N 5°37′37″E / 53.01278°N 5.62694°E |
Operator(s) | Stichting Houtzaagmolen De Rat |
Year built | 1828 |
Information | |
Purpose | Sawmill, formerly also a Corn mill |
Type | Smock mill |
Storeys | Two-storey smock |
Base storeys | Three-storey base |
Smock sides | Eight sides |
No. of sails | Four sails |
Type of sails | Common sails, leading edges on the Fok system |
Windshaft | Cast iron |
Winding | Tailpole and winch |
Auxiliary power | Electric motor |
Type of saw | Vertical frame saws |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/De_Rat%2C_IJlst.jpg/220px-De_Rat%2C_IJlst.jpg)
De Rat (English: The
History
De Rat was originally built in the seventeenth century in the
Following the
In 1859, the mill was purchased by Walle Melisz Oppendijk,[5] who was related to the Ringnalda family via William Ringnalda's marriage to Richtje Oppendijk. This year saw the last mention of the mill also being a corn mill. By 1868, it had reverted to being solely a saw mill.[4] Oppendijk now owned two sawmills. The other mill was burnt down in 1873 and rebuilt as a steam powered sawmill in 1874. In the second half of the 19th Century, De Rat was known for the high quality of timber produced. In 1918,[5] a 30 horsepower (22 kW) electric motor was installed. The cap, sails and stage were removed in 1920, and the mill was then worked entirely by electricity.[4]
The mill closed in 1950.
In 1966,[2] the mill was restored by millwright J D Medendorp of Zuidlaren, Drenthe.[5] The cap and brake wheel came from a drainage mill at Scheemderzwaag, Groningen, which had been demolished in 1959. The windshaft came from the Monnikenmolen, Sint Jansklooster, Overijssel.[6] The mill was used to house a pottery and afterwards was used by a sailing school.[4] Between 1976 and 1980,[2] the mill was restored to working order.[6] The work was done by millwrights Tacona BV of Stiens. The fully restored mill was officially reopened on 27 May 1978.[5] Further restoration work was carried out in 1987[2] and 1996.[5] In 2005, a new cap was made for the mill, replacing the one fitted in 1966 and replicating the original cap in appearance. The new cap was fitted on 19 April 2005.[6]
Ownership of the mill now lies with the Gemeente Wymbritseradiel, while the mill is operated by Stichting Houtzaagmolen De Rat (English: Wood saw mill De Rat Society).[4] The mill is used as a training mill by the Gild Fryske Mounders (English: Frisian Millers' Guild).[2]
Description
De Rat is what the Dutch describe as a "stellingmolen" . It is a three-storey
Sawyers
- Zaanstreek
- Cornelis Gijs (1683- )
- Jan Janszoon Koningh ( -1707)
- Jan IJsbrandsz Koningh (1707–27)
- Koningh family
- IJsbrand Koningh ( -1805)
- Jacob Schippers (1810- )
- IJlst
- William Hotzes Ringnalda (1828- )
- Jan Janszoon te Velde (1852–54)
- Gerben Ringnalda (1952–54)
- H A Ringnalda & Co (1854–91)
- Wed. W.J. Oppedijk (1891- )
- NV Houthandel ( -1950)
References for above:-[4]
Public access
De Rat is open to the public on Saturdays between 09:00 and 17:00. From May to September, the mill is also open on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday from 12:00 to 17:00.[7]
References
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- ^ a b "Technische gegevens" (in Dutch). De Hollandsche Molen. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2010.
- ^ ISBN 90-330-1522-6.
- ^ Gerben D. Wijnia; et al. De Utskoat, kwartaalblad van stichting De Friese Mole en vereniging Gild Fryske Mounders, nr 142, juni 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Houtzaagmolen De Rat" (in Dutch). Stichting Molens in Bedrijf. Archived from the original on 4 February 2009. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Geschiedenis" (in Dutch). De Hollandsche Molen. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d "IJlst, Friesland" (in Dutch). Molendatabase. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
- ^ "Informatie" (in Dutch). De Hollandsche Molen. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2010.