Detonation velocity
Explosive velocity, also known as detonation velocity or velocity of detonation (VoD), is the velocity at which the shock wave front travels through a detonated explosive. Explosive velocities are always faster than the local speed of sound in the material.
If the explosive is confined before detonation, such as in an artillery shell, the force produced is focused on a much smaller area, and the pressure is significantly intensified. This results in an explosive velocity that is higher than if the explosive had been detonated in open air. Unconfined velocities are often approximately 70 to 80 percent of confined velocities.[1]
Explosive velocity is increased with smaller particle size (i.e., increased spatial density), increased charge diameter, and increased confinement (i.e., higher pressure).[1]
Typical
Detonation velocity can be measured by the Dautriche method. In essence, this method relies on the time lag between the initiation of two ends of a
In other words "VOD is the velocity or rate of propagation of chemical decomposition/reaction." And for high explosives, it is generally above 1000 m/s.
In the cases where a material has not received dedicated testing, rough predictions based upon gas behavior theory are sometimes used (see Chapman–Jouguet condition).
See also
- Table of explosive detonation velocities
- Brisance
- Burn rate
- Detonation
- Explosion
- Deflagration
- Flame speed
- Gurney equations
References
- ^ a b "Explosives".
- ^ Wolanski, Piotr. "Dust Explosions". jstage.jst.go.jp. Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Heat Engineering. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
- ^ "TNT (Comparison to Pentane)". ch.ic.ac.uk. ChemWiki.
- ^ "Glossary on Explosion Dynamics". shepherd.caltech.edu. California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
- ^ "Review of Vapour Cloud Explosion Incidents" (PDF). hse.gov.uk. HSE 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
- .