Dislocation of Sámi people from Jukkasjärvi and Karesuando
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The dislocation of Sámi people (
Background
This was mostly a result of political disagreements between
Dislocation
First movements
After the pasture in Karesuando became exhausted, which happened very quickly due to many of the families who left Kautokeino having very large herds, some of the original families of Karesuando and some of Kautokeino moved to the parishes of Jukkasjärvi, Gällivare, and Jokkmokk. Among these were Johan Turi. These first migrations were by their own choice.
Forced relocation
In 1919 Norway and Sweden wrote a new convention about reindeer pasture areas. This led to the four northernmost
Third wave
In the 1940s a few families moved from Karesuando to Jokkmokk and Norway. This was all by their own choice.
Consequences
Since the Northern Sámi were different from the Sámi originally living in the areas to which they moved, great controversy emerged. Most of the conflicts were centered around reindeer herding since the North Sámi were used to other conditions and had different methods of herding. When the authorities intervened, they were unable to solve the problems; however they sided with the North Sámi, claiming that they were more primitive – an opinion possibly based on clear racism. These conflicts between the original users of the land and the newcomers still divide the Sámi in the area today.[citation needed]
See also
- Sámi history
- High Arctic relocation
- Territorial claims in the Arctic
- Political migration
- Thule relocation
- Environmental racism in Europe
References
- Roche, Gerald; Maruyama, Hiroshi; Kroik, Åsa Virdi (2018). Indigenous Efflorescence: Beyond Revitalisation in Sapmi and Ainu Mosir. ANU Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-1-76046-263-5. Retrieved 7 July 2020.