Edward Fanshawe (British Army officer)
Sir Edward Fanshawe | |
---|---|
Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath | |
Relations | Major General Sir Robert Fanshawe (brother) Lieutenant General Sir Hew Dalrymple Fanshawe (brother) |
Background and family
Fanshawe was born on 4 April 1859, the son of the Reverend Henry Leighton Fanshawe, of Chilworth, Oxfordshire.[2] He attended Winchester College and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, then joined the Royal Artillery in 1878.[3] He was the eldest of three brothers with significant military careers; Hew (b. 1860) joined the cavalry and Robert (b. 1863) joined the infantry, all three rising to command corps or divisions during the First World War.[4][5]
Fanshawe married Rose Higginson, daughter of Sir James Higginson, in 1893; they had three sons.[6]
Early career
Fanshawe was commissioned as a
First World War
At the outbreak of the
Fanshawe was promoted to major-general and recalled home in mid-1915 to command the newly formed
V Corps was holding a position in the Ypres salient at the time Fanshawe took command, but in August it was transferred south, to support the
Fanshawe remained with the corps through 1917, where it fought at the
In August 1918 Fanshawe was appointed to command XXIII Corps, and shortly thereafter transferred to command the garrison on the Firth of Forth, a posting which he held until after the end of the war.[3]
Retirement
Fanshawe was formally confirmed in the permanent rank of lieutenant-general in 1919, and retired from the Army in 1923.[6] He then served in the ceremonial position of colonel commandant of the Royal Artillery from 1923 to 1929, and of the Royal Horse Artillery from 1930 to 1934.[14]
Notes
- ^ https://www.ancestry.co.uk/genealogy/records/sir-edward-arthur-fanshawe-24-g53rj
- ^ Who Was Who gives Edward as the second son; the Times gives him as eldest. This may be an error on one part, or it may indicate an earlier child died in infancy.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Times obituary
- ^ "FANSHAWE, Maj.-Gen. Sir Robert", in Who Was Who (Online ed.). London: A & C Black. 2007.
- ^ "FANSHAWE, Lt-Gen. Sir Hew Dalrymple", in Who Was Who (Online ed.). London: A & C Black. 2007.
- ^ a b c d Who Was Who
- ^ "No. 24611". The London Gazette. 6 August 1878. p. 4474.
- ^ Hart′s Army list, 1903
- ^ "The Army in South Africa – Movement of Troops". The Times. No. 36925. London. 14 November 1902. p. 9.
- ^ Article in the Adelaide Advertiser, 19 July 1911
- ^ Edmonds (1922), p. 309
- ^ Travers (1982), p. 535.
- ^ Travers (1987), p. 237.
- ^ Dates from the Times obituary. Who Was Who gives 1923–1934 and 1930–1934 for these positions.
References
- "FANSHAWE, Lieut.-Gen. Sir Edward Arthur", in Who Was Who (Online ed.). London: A & C Black. 2007.
- Obituary in The Times, 19 November 1952, p. 10
- Edmonds, J. E. (1922). History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1914. Macmillan & Co.
- Travers, Tim (1987). The Killing Ground: The British Army, the Western Front, and the Emergence of Modern Warfare. London: Unwin Hyman.
- Travers, Tim (1982). "The Hidden Army: Structural Problems in the British Officer Corps, 1900–1918". Journal of Contemporary History. 17 (3): 523–544. S2CID 159547355.