Elevation crater
The elevation crater theory is a now-discredited[citation needed] geologic theory originating in the 18th and 19th centuries which intended to explain the origin of mountains and orogens, holding that mountains formed by vertical movements associated with volcanism.[1]
The idea that mountains could be formed by magma and volcanic activity was expressed as early as 1777 by
Humbold and Buch considered
The geologist Bernhard Studer refined the idea further. Working in the Alps, he considered the mountains to be roughly symmetrical with a Mittelzone ('middle area') containing the igneous rocks that he believed had uplifted them. The rocks were grouped in twelve Centralmassen. To the north and the south of the Mittelzone were two equivalent marginal zones: Nörliche Nebenzone and Südliche Nebenzone.[2] The theory, as posited by Studer, was popular among geologists in Switzerland and nearby areas until the 1870s.[5]
References
- ^ a b Şengör (1982), p. 4
- ^ a b c Şengör (1982), p. 5
- ^ S2CID 129731016.
- ^ Milanovsky, E.E. (2007). "Hermann Abich (1806 –1886): 'the Father of Caucasian Geology and his travels in the Caucasus and Armenian Highlands". In Jackson, Patrick N. Wyse (ed.). Four Centuries of Geological Travel: The Search for Knowledge on Foot, Bicycle, Sledge and Camel. Geological Society Special Publication. pp. 177–181.
- ^ Şengör (1982), p. 6
Bibliography
- ISBN 0-471-103764.
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