FVM J 23

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J 23
Role Fighter aircraft
National origin Sweden
Manufacturer Flygcompaniets Verkstäder at
Malmen
(FVM)
Designer Henry Kjellson and Ivar Malmar
First flight June 1923
Number built 5

The FVM J 23 was a

parasol wing fighter aircraft
built in the mid-1920s. Five were flown but the type never reached operational status because of structural concerns raised by a fatal accident.

Design and development

The parasol wing of the J 23 had a thick

cabane struts leaned inwards to meet at the wing's centre.[2]

Like the wing, the fuselage and empennage of the J 23 were wooden structures. The elliptical cross section fuselage consisted of pre-shaped, stress bearing plywood panels around a light framework of

elevators with cut outs for rudder movement.[1]

Its

fairing, which provided some additional lift.[4]

The J 23 first flew in June 1923 and was tail heavy, a fault rectified by an increase in length[4] (several sources, e.g.[1] put the length at about 6.90 m (22 ft 8 in) but L'Aérophile, a year after the first flight,[3] gives 8.50 m (27 ft 11 in)). By July five examples had been built and all appeared at the Gothenburg International Aero Show[1] late in that month.[2] On 10 August 1923 one set a Swedish altitude record of 8,000 m (26,247 ft).[3] Military testing proceeded until 15 March 1924, when there was a fatal, structural wing failure on one J 23. Though work on the aircraft continued and some modifications like an increase in tail area were made, the J 23 was thereafter seen as too fragile for service use.[1]

Work had also been proceeding on the J 24, similar to the J 23 but with a much more powerful 224 kW (300 hp)

V-8 engine. Following the J 23 accident, the sole J 24 was converted into a single bay biplane designated the J 24B. It was flown in 1925 but, overweight, its performance was not good enough to interest the military.[1]

Variants

Data from Green and Swanborough p. 235[1]

J 23
Five BMW powered aircraft, first modified then scrapped after the March 1924 accident.
J 24
Similar to the J 23 but with a more powerful, 224 kW (300 hp)
V-8
. One only.
J 24B
The J .24 rebuilt after the March 1924 J 23 accident as a biplane. One only, flown in 1925.

Specifications

Data from Green and Swanborough p.235[1]

General characteristics

  • Crew: One
  • Length: 6.90 m (22 ft 8 in)
  • Wingspan: 11.24 m (36 ft 11 in)
  • Height: 2.55 m (8 ft 4 in)
  • Wing area: 18.0 m2 (194 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 771 kg (1,700 lb)
  • Gross weight: 985 kg (2,172 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 × BMW IIIa 6 cylinder inline engine, watercooled, 138 kW (185 hp)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 197 km/h (122 mph, 106 kn)
  • Service ceiling: 8,000 m (26,000 ft) [3]
  • Time to altitude: 9.3 minutes to 3,000 m (9,840 ft)

Armament

  • Guns: 2× m/22 fixed 8 mm (0.315 in)
    machine guns
    , fitted with synchronization gear and firing through the propeller.

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 1-85833-777-1
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "The Gothenburg International Aero Exhibition - The Swedish Exhibit". Flight. Vol. XV, no. 31. 9 September 1923. pp. 448–450.
  3. ^ a b c d "Autre Pays". L'Aérophile. Vol. 1924, no. 5–6. 1–15 March 1924. pp. 99–100.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "FVM J 23". Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  5. ISBN 1-85260-163-9
    .

Bibliography
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