Falconer's formula

correlations.^[2] Statistical models for heritability commonly include an error that will absorb phenotypic variation that cannot be described by genetics when analyzed. These are unique subject-specific influences on a trait.^[1] Falconer's formula was first proposed by the Scottish geneticist Douglas Falconer.^[3]

The formula is

{H_{b}}^{2}=2(r_{mz}-r_{dz})

where

{\textstyle {H_{b}}^{2}}

is the broad sense heritability,

r_{mz}

is the (monozygotic, MZ) identical twin correlation, and

{\textstyle r_{dz}}

is the (dizygotic, DZ)

gender differences

are evaluated as heritable. To avoid this error, only genetic studies comparing MZ twins with the same sex DZ twins are valid. Correlations between

{\textstyle A={H_{b}}^{2}}

(additive genetics) and

C

(common environment) must be included in the derivation shown below.

r_{mz}=A+C+2\cdot {\text{Corr}}(A,C)

r_{dz}={\frac {1}{2}}A+C+2\cdot {\text{Corr}}({\tfrac {1}{2}}A,C)

References

^
PMID 28484032
.

ISBN 978-0-19-971216-8
.

ISBN 978-0-582-24302-6
.

PMID 29081689
.

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[:0-1] 
PMID 28484032
.

[2] ISBN 978-0-19-971216-8
.

[3] ISBN 978-0-582-24302-6
.

[4] PMID 29081689
.

[2]

[1]

[3]

See also

References