Fender Deluxe
The Fender Deluxe
Tweed Deluxe
The Fender Deluxe amp of the 1950s was a medium-powered unit designed to let guitarists "hold their own" in a small group. As blues, western swing, Western, and rockabilly bands began getting louder, the overdriven tone of a cranked-up Deluxe found its way onto many live and recorded performances.
The earliest version of the Deluxe was the 5A3,[2] and is often referred to as having a TV Front appearance because the wide panels around the grill were like the television sets of the 1950s.[3] This was true also of the smaller Fender Princeton student and studio amp introduced in 1946 and upgraded in 1948.[4] Subsequent versions of the Deluxe were the "wide panel" cabinet design 5B3,[5] 5C3,[6] and 5D3,[7] followed by the "narrow panel" cabinet 5E3.[8] The Deluxe was the most popular of the Tweed amplifiers made by Fender.[9]
It is relatively small in size, having one twelve inch speaker. Depending on the model it has either three or four inputs (5E3[10]) and two channels. Each channel has a volume control. Both channels share a tone control. The inputs and controls are mounted at the top of the amplifier. It is often referred to as the "Tweed Deluxe" because of its covering—a light brown material which is actually a cotton twill that is often lacquered.
Additional top panel controls are a ground switch, power switch and mains fuse holder. The mains / power cable is hard-wired.
At the time, Leo Fender produced amplifiers with the intention of having the amplifier stay clean even at high volumes. The Tweed Deluxe is not known for producing a clean tone at high volumes, and as such, was regarded as being an intermediate amplifier. The saturated tone this amplifier produces at higher volumes is the reason why it is one of the more famous amplifiers Fender ever produced. It is part of the signature tone for many musicians, a few notable examples being Larry Carlton, Don Felder, Billy Gibbons and Neil Young.
Unusual for a Fender amplifier, the Deluxe (models 5D3[11] and 5E3[10]) has a cathode biased output stage, with no negative feedback (a distinctive combination it shares with the Vox AC30 and the 18 watt Marshall model 1974). The output valves are driven by a cathodyne phase splitter. These aspects of the circuit make a key contribution to the complex, wild and ragged sound of an overdriven 5E3 Deluxe, especially in comparison to other Fender amplifiers. Most Fender push-pull amplifier designs use negative feedback, tapped from the output transformer speaker winding to enable more headroom before power stage distortion starts. They also use the more efficient negative-voltage fixed biasing on the output valves, allowing higher output power while running the output valves at a cooler temperature. (The earlier 5C3 Deluxe model did use negative feedback although it too was cathode biased.)
One of the many features of the Tweed Deluxe that some players find useful is the interaction between the two volume controls. While the two input channels each have their own volume control, signal from one input socket also finds its way onto the opposite input. Thus, adjusting the volume control for one input channel also affects the tone of the other. This gives extra tonal variations than would normally be expected.
The amplifier has a 5Y3-GT rectifier, 2 6V6-GT power tubes operating in push-pull mode, and a 12AY7 and a 12AX7 in the preamp.[12] The output is rated at about 15 watts.[13]
The Tweed Deluxe originally came equipped with a Jensen P12R speaker. Due to limited power handling, owners sometimes replaced it with the more powerful Jensen P12Q.
The Tweed Deluxe is such a seminal amplifier, is so desirable and (in its original form) so expensive, that there are at least 30 or 40 companies making clones or variants of it, either as kits or as completed amplifiers.[14]
Brown Deluxe
Between 1959 and 1963, Fender began redressing several of their existing amp models in a light brown material known as
Blackface Deluxe
Fender again made a change in their amplifier cosmetics between 1963 and 1964. The color of the tolex covering was changed to black, and the control knobs were changed from ones with pointers that indicated the level number labeled on the control face to ones that had the level numbers incorporated upon the knobs themselves. These are referred to as the
When Fender redressed the Deluxe in 1963, they began producing a spin-off model that included an integrated spring reverb tank, thus giving birth to the Fender Deluxe Reverb. Fender discontinued the base Deluxe model in 1966[17] but as of 2018, the Deluxe Reverb version was still in production.
Reproduction
In 2007–2011, Fender's Custom Shop division made an authentic recreation of the 5E3 Deluxe. Handwired point-to-point and with custom made transformers based on the 1957 specification it was dubbed the Fender '57 Deluxe Amp. This is the first time Fender made a reproduction of the Tweed Deluxe.
In 2012 Fender issued an Artist Signature amplifier based on the 5E3 circuit with the addition of a tremolo effect; the Fender Eric Clapton (or EC) Tremolux.[18]
In 2014 Fender introduced a piggyback head version of the 5E3 Deluxe to the Custom Shop lineup, dubbed the Fender '57 Deluxe Head.[19][20]
In 2016 Fender issued a hand-wired Artist Signature model, "Fender Edge Deluxe", based on a customized 1957 5E3 Tweed Deluxe, part of the rig of U2-guitarist "The Edge". It featured the addition of a Celestion Blue Alnico speaker, a tighter "bass" response from the preamp, a 12AX7 in V1 instead of a 12AY7, and, an added "Standby" switch. By mid 2016 the '57 Deluxe is once again included in the custom series as the Fender '57 Custom Deluxe.
See also
References
- ^ "Fender Woody Deluxe (Model 26) – Ampwares". March 14, 2011.
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-5A3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "GGJaguar's Guitarium and Ampeteria 1950 Fender Deluxe". www.ggjaguar.com.
- ^ "GGJaguar's Guitarium and Ampeteria 1953 Fender Princeton". www.ggjaguar.com.
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-5B3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-5C3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Fender Wide Panel Tweed Deluxe – Ampwares". March 14, 2011.
- ^ "Fender Narrow Panel Tweed Deluxe – Ampwares". March 14, 2011.
- ^ Weber 1994, p. 38
- ^ a b http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-5E3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-5D3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ The Tube Store (2010, June 21). Tweed Deluxe (Early and 5C3 Models). Retrieved from http://www.thetubestore.com/Resources/Guitar-Amp-Info/Early-Fender-Tweed-Amps#tweed[bare URL] Deluxe (early and 5C3 models)
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/Resources/Guitar-Amp-Info/Early-Fender-Tweed-Amps#tweed[bare URL] Deluxe (5D3 and 5E3 models)
- ^ "SOS". Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
- ^ http://www.thetubestore.com/lib/thetubestore/schematics/Fender/Fender-Deluxe-6G3-Schematic.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Fender Brownface Deluxe – Ampwares". March 14, 2011.
- ^ a b "Fender Blackface Deluxe – Ampwares". March 14, 2011.
- ^ "Shop Fender | Electric Guitars, Acoustics, Bass, Amps & More".[non-primary source needed]
- ^ "Fender Introduces '65 Deluxe Reverb Head and '57 Deluxe Head". www.premierguitar.com. January 8, 2014.
- ^ "'57 Deluxe™ Head | Custom Series | Fender®". Archived from the original on January 10, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.[non-primary source needed]
Bibliography
- Weber, Gerald (1994). A Desktop Reference of Hip Vintage Guitar Amps. ISBN 0-9641060-0-0.
External links
- Tweed Deluxe Ultimate Demo - Tweed Deluxe Ultimate Demo
- 57 Deluxe in Action - 57 Deluxe with Stratocaster and Les Paul
- Tweed Deluxe Research - RecProAudio
- Tweed Deluxe Speed Shop - Tweed Deluxe Speed Shop
- 1959 Fender Tweed Deluxe - ar American Vintage Guitar
- Fender Tweed Deluxe - Ampedia
- The Fender Amp Field Guide - The Fender Amp Field Guide
- Beatles Gear - John Lennon owned a "narrow panel" Tweed Deluxe from 1960 to July 1962, when they acquired their Vox amps. He painted it black and added metal corner protectors at some time.