Foliar nematode

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The foliar nematode Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi

Foliar

African violet, cyclamen, and a wide variety of bedding plants and ferns
, causing brown to black, vein-delimited lesions on leaf tissue, defoliation, and possible stunting of plants.

Biology

While many plant parasitic

leaves of plants. The nematodes live within the epidermis
and mesophyll tissues of leaves, which causes necrosis and collapse of the palisade and spongy parenchyma tissues.

Inside the leaves of plants female nematodes lay one or two eggs a day, with each female producing up to 25 to 30 eggs. The generation time from egg to adult is finished in 10–14 days, with eggs hatching in 3 to 4 days, and nematodes maturing after 6–12 days. This rapid generation time allows populations to quickly grow, sometimes reaching thousands of nematodes per leaf

Adult foliar nematodes are able to overwinter by surviving in dried plant tissue in a dormant state. The nematodes can survive in this dead leaf material for several months. Foliar nematodes do not survive for very long in bare soil alone.

Dispersal

Foliar nematodes occur throughout the

stomata. The nematodes are transmitted plant to plant by splashing, overhead irrigation
, rainfall, and other forms of dripping water. They can also be transmitted through infected vegetative nursery cuttings, and can be rapidly spread in new material if symptoms are not present during the propagation of cuttings.

Control

Presently, there are very few control options for plants infested with foliar nematodes. The current recommendations are to destroy infected plant material, and avoid using overhead irrigation to prevent the spread of nematodes to new plants.

References

  1. PMID 33158287
    .
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