Frank–Caro process
| Process type | Chemical |
|---|---|
| Product(s) | calcium cyanamide |
| Leading companies | North Western Cyanamide Company |
| Main facilities | Odda, Norway |
| Year of invention | 1895–1899 |
| Developer(s) | Adolph Frank Nikodem Caro |
The Frank–Caro process, also called cyanamide process, is the
nitrolime, and carbon
.
- CaC2 + N2 → CaCN2 + C
History
The Frank–Caro process was the first commercial process that was used worldwide to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The product was used as fertilizer and commercially known as Lime-Nitrogen. Nitrolim or Kalkstickstoff in German.[1] The method was developed by the German chemists Adolph Frank and Nikodem Caro between 1895 and 1899. In its first decades, the world market for inorganic fertilizer was dominated by factories utilizing the cyanamide process.
Production facilities
UNESCO World Heritage List.[2]
Haber process
In the 1920s the more energy-efficient Haber process gradually took over. In 1945 the production of calcium cyanamide reached a peak of an estimated 1.5 million tons a year.[3]
Patent
See also
- Odda process
- Birkeland–Eyde process
- Haber–Bosch process
- Linde–Frank–Caro process, a method to produce hydrogen from water gas
References
- ^ "Muscle Shoals Alabama" (PDF). Historic American Engineering Record. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ "Rjukan/Notodden and Odda/Tyssedal Industrial Heritage Sites, Hydro Electrical Powered Heavy Industries with associated Urban Settlements (Company Towns) and Transportation System". UNESCO. Retrieved 2010-06-29.
- ^ "Discovery of the Commercial Processes for Making Calcium Carbide and Acetylene". National Historic Chemical Landmarks. American Chemical Society. Archived from the original on February 23, 2013. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
External links
- Guide to the Papers of Adolf Frank (1834–1916) Archived 2011-07-25 at the Wayback Machine