Gabriele Adorno
Gabriele Adorno | |
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4th Lifetime Doge of the Republic of Genoa | |
In office March 14, 1363 – August 13, 1370 | |
Preceded by | Simone Boccanegra |
Succeeded by | Domenico di Campofregoso |
Personal details | |
Born | unknown date unknown place |
Died | 1383 Genoa, Republic of Genoa |
Parents |
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Gabriele Adorno (1320–1383[1]) was the fourth Doge of Genoa. A member of the Adorno family, he was elected on March 14, 1363 to succeed Simone Boccanegra, who had died in office. He remained in the position until August 13, 1370, when he was deposed by the people of Genoa. He was succeeded by Domenico di Campofregoso.
Early life
He was born in Genoa around 1320 to Daniele Adorno di Lanfranco and Marietta Giustiniani. Gabriele grew up in a merchant family and worked as an adult in his father's commercial branch.
Political career
Believed to be a
One of his earliest actions as doge was distribution of government offices between representatives of the
On April 18, 1365, Genoa signed a treaty with
Despite his efforts to raise Genoa after conflicts with the Aragonese and Venice and the Visconti, the dissatisfaction among the population, particularly regarding taxes, increased in part due to a new political opponent, Leonardo Montaldo, who would later become doge in 1383. Adorno obtained the title of imperial vicar in 1368 from Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV in an unsuccessful attempt to increase his popularity. Another opponent, Domenico di Campofregoso, who Adorno had appointed vicar of the people, succeeded in exciting the crowd against the doge at a public assembly convened in the basilica Santa Maria delle Vigne. Adorno was forced to flee on August 13, 1370. The same day, Campofregoso was elected the next doge of Genoa.
Adorno was shortly after arrested by the new doge and confined at the castle of Voltaggio, and was only released through the intervention of cardinal Stefano Teobaldeschi. He died in Genoa in 1383.
Marriage and issue
He married Violante di Giustiniani Garibaldi in 1347, and they had several children, including:
- Agostino, councilor and elder
- Giovanni, Caffa in Crimea
- Margherita, married Pietro Recanello
- Luigia, married Luchino Novello di Luchino Visconti
In the arts
Adorno is a character in Giuseppe Verdi's opera Simon Boccanegra; he is the tenor lead, and is the love interest of Boccanegra's daughter. In the opera, Boccanegra names Adorno his successor before dying.
Footnotes
- ISBN 3-7608-8901-8, col. 165.
References
- Giuseppe Oreste: Adorno, Gabriele. In: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 1 (1960)
- G. Petti Balbi: Lexikon des Mittelalters, vol. 1, 1980, ISBN 3-7608-8901-8, col. 165