George Lindsay (British Army officer)

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George Lindsay
Born3 July 1880
Died28 November 1956 (aged 76)
Allegiance
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Distinguished Service Order
RelationsMorgan Lindsay (brother)

J.F.C. Fuller on the Experimental Mechanized Force, and commanded the first experimental armoured division in 1934. Retiring just before the Second World War, Lindsay was called out of retirement to command the 9th (Highland) Infantry Division
in the first months of the war, following which he worked as a civil defence commissioner and as a representative of the Red Cross during the liberation of Europe.

Early life and career

Lindsay was born in 1880, the sixth son of Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Gore Lindsay, the Chief Constable of Glamorganshire, and Ellen Sarah Lindsay. His paternal grandmother was the sister of the Earl of Arran, and his maternal grandfather was Charles Morgan, 1st Baron Tredegar.[1] His siblings included Henry (known as "Morgan") (b. 1857), later Colonel of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers;[2] Lionel (b. 1861), who later succeeded his father as Chief Constable;[3] and Walter (b. 1866), who became the High Sheriff of County Kilkenny.[4]

Lindsay was educated at

School of Musketry as an instructor, specialising in machine-guns, and was working here at the outbreak of war in 1914.[1]

First World War

On the outbreak of the

First World War in August 1914, the British Army expanded rapidly, taking in hundreds of thousands of new recruits. Lindsay remained at the School of Musketry until 1915, when he was sent to France as an instructor in the headquarters machine-gun training school, before returning to England later in the year as a staff officer at the newly established Machine Gun Corps training centre. Lindsay had been a strong advocate of the centralisation of machine-gun units, concentrating them in specialised companies and battalions rather than distributed to individual infantry units, and the Corps had been formed to man them. The training for these units could focus on offensive as well as defensive operations, using heavy machine-guns in an indirect fire role, which provided substantially greater capability and flexibility in combat.[1]

In 1916, Lindsay was given a front-line posting, as the brigade major of the 99th Brigade (United Kingdom), a New Army formation primarily composed of London volunteers from the Royal Fusiliers. He served with the 99th through the Battle of the Somme and Battle of Arras, receiving the Distinguished Service Order. In March 1918 he was promoted to colonel and made a staff officer at the First Army headquarters, responsible for the Army's machine-gun units.[1] Following the Armistice, he commanded the 41st Battalion, Machine Gun Corps, in the Army of Occupation in Germany.[10]

Inter-war years

Following the reduction in forces after the end of the war, the Machine Gun Corps units were disbanded and Lindsay attended the

mechanised warfare, seeing it as a new and dominant paradigm in military strategy.[1]

In the summer of 1923, Lindsay was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the

Royal Tank Corps and made chief instructor of the Corps central school, where he became a leader in the nascent armoured-warfare movement within the Army. In 1926 he was appointed to the War Office as Inspector of the Royal Tank Corps and a member of the Mechanical Warfare Board, and from this position was able to work with J. F. C. Fuller to press the General Staff for the creation of the brigade-sized Experimental Mechanized Force in 1927. This held large-scale exercises in 1927 and 1928, demonstrating the practical utility of armoured units. Through the remainder of his time at the War Office and during his next posting, on the staff in Egypt, Lindsay continued to study the lessons of these exercises and influence the General Staff's position on armoured warfare.[1]

Returning from Egypt in 1932, Lindsay was given command of the 7th Infantry Brigade at Tidworth Camp, a motorised unit which had previously been the core of the Experimental Force. The culmination of his work with combined-arms forces was the end of the 1934 Army exercises, in which the 7th was used as part of an improvised armoured division led by Lindsay. However, the results were of limited success, partly due to personal disputes with Percy Hobart, who commanded the tank brigade and with whom Lindsay had had an acrimonious dispute. The immediate result of the failed experiment was to cut Lindsay off from the debate around the future of armoured warfare; he had recently been promoted to Major-General, and he would continue to rise in the Army, but he would no longer be involved with developing modern fighting doctrine.[1]

Senior command and the Second World War

In 1935, Lindsay was posted to Calcutta to command the Presidency and Assam District in eastern India; he held the post until 1939, when he retired from the Army. In retirement, he worked as Director of the

Order of St. John for North-West Europe, overseeing relief work during the liberation of France and the Low Countries.[10]

Lindsay stepped down as Commissioner in 1946, and relinquished his ceremonial colonelcy of the Royal Tank Regiment in 1947. Finally retired, he served on a number of committees and councils, as diverse as the Army Boxing Association, the Anglo-Danish Society and the Educational Interchange Council, and in 1952 published a short pamphlet on "The Soviet-Communist Menace".[10] He died in Epsom in 1956, survived by his wife and his surviving daughter, and leaving an estate of thirteen thousand pounds.[1] His papers are held by the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives,[11] and by the Tank Museum at Bovington.[1]

References

  1. ^ required.)
  2. ^ "LINDSAY, Colonel Henry Edzell Morgan", in Who Was Who (2007). Online edition
  3. required.)
  4. ^ "LINDSAY, Walter Charles", in Who Was Who (2007). Online edition
  5. ^ "No. 27156". The London Gazette. 23 January 1900. pp. 429–430.
  6. ^ "The War - Embarcation of Troops". The Times. No. 36099. London. 26 March 1900. p. 7.
  7. ^ Hart′s Army list, 1903
  8. ^ "No. 27428". The London Gazette. 25 April 1902. p. 2770.
  9. ^ "The Army in South Africa – Troops returning home". The Times. No. 36900. London. 16 October 1902. p. 8.
  10. ^ a b c d e "LINDSAY, Major-Gen. George Mackintosh", in Who Was Who (2007). Online edition
  11. ^ Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives

Bibliography

  • Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnesley: Pen & Sword. .
Military offices
Preceded by
New post
GOC 9th (Highland) Infantry Division
1939–1940
Succeeded by