Gross (unit)

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In English and related languages, several terms involving the words "great" or "gross" relate to numbers involving a multiple of exponents of twelve (dozen):

  • A gross refers to a group of 144 items (a dozen dozen or a square dozen, 122).[1][2]
  • A great gross refers to a group of 1,728 items (a dozen gross or a cubic dozen, 123).[1][2]
  • A small gross[3] or a great hundred[4] refers to a group of 120 items (ten dozen, 10×12).

The term can be abbreviated gr. or gro., and dates from the early 15th century. It derives from the Old French grosse douzaine, meaning "large dozen”.

Dozenal Society of America to advocate for wider use of "gross" and related terms instead of the decimal system.[7][8]

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